Showing papers by "National Marine Fisheries Service published in 1983"
TL;DR: The habitat-related patterns in zinc, manganese, and iron requirements of oceanic and neritic species are consistent with the oceanic-neritic distributions of concentrations of these metals.
Abstract: The reproductive rates of 21 species of marine phytoplankton were measured in media in which free zinc, manganese, and iron ion activities were controlled at different levels using EDTA-trace metal ion buffer systems. In general, the reproductive rates of neritic species were limited by zinc activities below 1O-11.5 M, while those of oceanic species were either not limited or only slightly limited at the lowest zinc activity attained in the experiment, ca. lo-l3 M. The reproductive rates of oceanic coccolithophores were either not limited or only slightly limited by the lowest manganese ion activity attained, ca. 10-l’ M, but those of a neritic coccolithophore and all diatoms, both neritic and oceanic, were limited below a manganese activity of 10-l” M. Neritic species had reduced reproductive rates in media containing clod7 M iron while oceanic species reproduced at maximal or close to maximal rates in the media with the lowest iron concentrations, ca. IO+’ M. The habitat-related patterns in zinc, manganese, and iron requirements of oceanic and neritic species are consistent with the oceanic-neritic distributions of concentrations of these metals. This similarity in requirement and distributional patterns provides evidence that Zn, Mn, and Fe availability have been important selective forces on marine phytoplankton populations and communities. The nutrients most frequently considered to limit the reproductive rates of phytoplankton in the ocean are the macronutrients nitrogen, phosphorus, and silicon. The possibility that trace metal micronutrients can be of significance in the ecology of phytoplankton has been considered occasionally (Harvey 1947; Ryther and Guillard 1959; Ryther and Kramer 1961; Barber and Ryther 1969), but they have not received the attention and quantitative analysis that macronutrients
471 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the photoreduction of manganese oxides by dissolved organic substances (humic substances) in seawater was demonstrated, and it was shown that such reactions appear to be important in maintaining manganous in a dissolved reduced form in photic waters, thereby enhancing its supply to phytoplankton.
Abstract: Manganese is an essential micronutrient for all organisms. Its requirement by plants is particularly high because of its role in the oxidation of water in photosynthesis1–5. According to thermodynamic considerations, manganese should exist in oxic waters as MnO2 (ref. 6) which is insoluble and, therefore, not directly available for plant nutrition. In contrast to thermody-namic predictions, however, most of the manganese in near surface seawater exists as soluble reduced Mn(II) (ref. 7). Although slow oxidation kinetics are at least partially responsible for the presence of Mn(II) in oxic waters8,9, reduced manganese, nevertheless, should be converted to particulate manganese oxides (at rates that depend on several kinetic factors10,11) and be lost from the water column by sinking12. We report here experiments that demonstrate photoreduction of manganese oxides by dissolved organic substances (humic substances) in seawater. Such reactions appear to be important in maintaining manganese in a dissolved reduced form in photic waters, thereby enhancing its supply to phytoplankton.
322 citations
TL;DR: In this article, velocity profiles, bathymetry, and surface sediment characteristics across eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) meadows yielded information on community development processes and functional attributes of this ecosystem.
Abstract: Measurements of velocity profiles, bathymetry, and surface sediment characteristics across eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) meadows yielded information on community development processes and functional attributes of this ecosystem. Height/length ratios of the meadows were positively correlated with tidal current velocity. Low, medium, and high current regimes were separated by surface current velocities of approximately 50 and 90 cm s−1. Z. marina can tolerate approximately 120–150 cm/sec current velocities in the areas studied. Per cent silt-clay and organic matter content of the surface sediments are negatively associated with shear velocity, suggesting that meadows in high current areas are sources while meadows in low current areas are sinks of autochthonous detritus. Current velocity maintains seagrass meadows at different equilibrium levels (relative climaxes). We theorize these different equilibrium levels provide unequal habitat utilization potentials for the associated faunal community.
283 citations
TL;DR: Although pinfish and speckled trout appeared to be strictly visual feeders, Atlantic croaker and red drum could apparently detect and feed upon shrimp through other sensory mechanisms, and differences in the mode of feeding among the fish did not appear to be related to the effect of vegetative structure on predation rates.
194 citations
TL;DR: Comparison of data with estimates of manganese and cupric ion activities in marine waters suggests thatManganese deficiency could be important in controlling phytoplankton growth rate or community composition in some marine waters.
Abstract: We investigated the relationship between growth rate and cellular manganese concentrations for an estuarine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana (clone 3H) and a related oceanic species Thassiosira oceanica (clone 13-1). Both species were exposed to a matrix of low manganese and cupric ion activities using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)-trace metal ion buffered seawater media. The growth rate of Mn-limited cultures was related to the cellular concentration of Mn, which in turn was directly related to manganese ion activity an d inversely to cupric ion activity. The interaction between manganese and cupric ion activities in controlling cellular manganese and growth rate could be explained quantitatively by competitive binding models in which copper competitively blocked either cellular manganese uptake or the binding of manganese within intracellular pools. Clone 13-1, isolated from Mn-poor Sargasso seawater, was able to grow more rapidly at low manganese ion activities than clone 3I-I, isolated from a eutrophic estuary, provided that cupric ion activity remained below ca. 10-l’ mol *liter-‘. Adaptation of 13-1 to growth at low Mn activities appeared to involve two mechanisms: a greater ability for cellular uptake of manganese and a lower cellular manganese requirement (i.e. Mn cell quota) for growth. Comparison of our data with estimates of manganese and cupric ion activities in marine waters suggests that manganese deficiency could be important in controlling phytoplankton growth rate or community composition in some marine waters.
174 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an analysis of variance of temperature and salinity effects on seed germination of eelgrass on the Pacific coast of North America was performed. But, the salinity effect was not observed in seeds from the Gulf of California.
161 citations
01 Jan 1983
TL;DR: Cupric ion bioassays with natural bacterial communities were conducted in seawater samples at five stations in the Gulf of Mexico, ranging from lowproductivity oceanic to high-productivity coastal.
Abstract: Cupric ion bioassays with natural bacterial communities were conducted in seawater samples at five stations in the Gulf of Mexico, ranging from low-productivity oceanic to high-productivity coastal. In these bioassays, we measured the incorporation of 3H-labeled amino acids by marine microbial communities following serial additions of ionic copper (CuSO4) and cupric ion buffers (combinations of CuSO4 and nitrilotriacetic acid, a synthetic chelator). The bioassays were designed to yield relations between (1) amino acid incorporation and total copper concentration, (2) incorporation and cupric ion activity, and (3) cupric ion activity and total copper concentration.
118 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the square root of relative frequency of zero C/f was used as an index of fish abundance in a head boat sport fishery for yellowtail snappers off Islamorada, Florida.
Abstract: Mean catch per unit effort often is used as an index of fish abundance, N. This index is often biased. Frequency distributions of catch per unit effort (C/f) and independent estimates of N from a headboat sport fishery for yellowtail snappers Ocyurus chrysurus off Islamorada, Florida, indicated that mean C/f underestimated changes in N. Frequency distributions of C/f were skewed and fit the negative binomial distribution. Some descriptors of the distributions (median, variance, negative binomial parameter k, and frequency of zero C/f) were systematically related to N. These relationships were used to derive an index of N less biased than mean C/f. The new index, square root of relative frequency of zero C/f, could be applicable to any recreational, scientific, or commercial fishing activity for which C/f distributions are available, skewed, and have fairly high frequencies of zero C/f. Skewness could be due to spatial dispersion of the fish population or to a gradient of skill among fishing units...
114 citations
TL;DR: Nine dietary combinations of crude protein and lipid concentrations were evaluated for their effects on growth, feed efficiency, protein-efficiency ratio, protein retained, and whole-body composition of age-0 striped bass Morone saxatilis.
Abstract: Nine dietary combinations of crude protein (37, 47, or 57%) and lipid (7, 12, or 17%) concentrations were evaluated for their effects on growth, feed efficiency, protein-efficiency ratio, protein retained, and whole-body composition of age-0 striped bass Morone saxatilis (initial mean weight, 1.4 g) over 10 weeks. Increasing dietary protein concentration generally improved weight gain of striped bass. Striped bass fed diets containing 37% crude protein plus 7% lipid had lower weight gain than fish fed 47% crude protein plus 12% lipid or 57% crude protein plus 17% lipid. Whole-body protein concentrations increased with higher dietary protein concentrations and lower dietary lipid concentrations. Highest whole-body protein concentration occurred in fish fed 57% crude protein plus 7% lipid. Lowest whole-body protein concentration occurred in fish fed 37% crude protein plus 17% lipid. Whole-body lipid concentrations increased with higher dietary lipid concentrations and lower dietary protein concentr...
91 citations
TL;DR: Crab zoeae (Rhithropanopeus harrisii) were exposed during their development opment to a range of free cupric ion activities regulated in seawater by use of a copper chelate buffer system, and most cytosolic copper was found to be associated with metallothionein.
Abstract: Crab zoeae (Rhithropanopeus harrisii) were exposed during their development opment to a range of free cupric ion activities regulated in seawater by use of a copper chelate buffer system. Most cytosolic copper was found to be associated with metallothionein. Copper-thionein could be related to free cupric ion activity, and a shift in copper-thionein accumulation was correlated with inhibition of larval growth. These data reveal predictable relations between cupric ion activity in seawater and processes at the cellular and organismic levels.
89 citations
TL;DR: Juvenile pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha were exposed for 40 days to stable, sub-lethal concentrations of naphthalene (<0.80 mg/liter) and the water-soluble fraction of Cook Inlet crude oil as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Juvenile pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha were exposed for 40 days to stable, sublethal concentrations of naphthalene (<0.80 mg/liter) and the water-soluble fraction of Cook Inlet crude oil (<0.87 mg/liter total aromatic hydrocarbons). All fish were fed equal daily rations of Oregon Moist Pellet Formula II. Concentrations (percentage of the 96-hour LC50, median lethal concentration) of 10% naphthalene and 14% water-soluble fraction of crude oil did not affect wet weight or length of exposed fish. At higher concentrations, however, growth per day determined from wet weight decreased with increased toxicant concentration. Change in length of the fish was not a sensitive measure of toxicity. Fish exposed for 40 days to concentrations of toxicants as low as 33% of the 96-hour LC50 weighed significantly less than control fish (P < 0.05). Juveniles exposed to the water-soluble fraction of crude oil had slower growth rates than those exposed to the same concentration (percentage of the LC50) of naphth...
TL;DR: In this article, a travel-cost-based outdoor recreational demand function to individual observations may give misleading consumer surplus estimates if each observation is not divided by its proportion of population, and the dependent variable, participation rate, was expressed on a per capita basis.
Abstract: Fitting a travel-cost-based outdoor recreational demand function to individual observations may give misleading consumer surplus estimates if each observation is not divided by its proportion of population. Thus, we recommend that the dependent variable, participation rate, be expressed on a per capita basis. This issue is illustrated by a simple hypothetical example, table 1. Here it is assumed that a small sample has been drawn from users of a recreational site, not from the general population. For simplicity, assume no entrance fees or on-site costs. If the traditional zone average visits per capita (next to last column in table 1) is fitted as a function of travel cost, then qi = 10 2 TC,, where
TL;DR: Data suggest that Chlamydomonas f‐9 makes seawater a potential substrate for solar hydrogen and oxygen production, which exceeds the electron‐carrying capacity of the electron transport chain linking Photosystems I and II.
Abstract: The first measurements of the simultaneous photoproduction of hydrogen and oxygen in marine green algae are reported. Eight species in the genera Chlamydomonas, Chlorella and Halochlorocococcum were tested in CO2-free seawater. Four of the five species of Chlamydomonas were able to produce hydrogen in the light after a period of 3 - 4 h of dark anaerobic adaptation. Only one of the two Chlorella species tested was able to photoproduce hydrogen, in trace amounts. Halochlorocococcum fla–9 gave positive results and Chlamydomonas species (clone f-9) had a steady-state rate of hydrogen and oxygen production during irradiation with a stoichiometric ratio near 2:1. The integrated yields of hydrogen and oxygen produced by this species corresponds to about 450 turnovers of the photochemical reaction centers. This number exceeds (by about a factor of 20) the electron-carrying capacity of the electron transport chain linking Photosystems I and II. These data suggest that Chlamydomonas f-9 makes seawater a potential substrate for solar hydrogen and oxygen production.
TL;DR: The results are consistent with the hypothesis that predation contributed to the decline in the abundance and diversity of articulate brachiopods since the Mesozoic, and suggest that the restriction of recent populations to semi-cryptic rock wall and crevice habitats is, in part, controlled by disturbance.
TL;DR: Fecundities of primiparous and multiparous female Tanner crab (Chionoecetes bairdi) from the eastern Bering Sea are compared to find the lesser fecundity of primIParous females is due to their having a smaller volume within the exoskeleton available for ovarian tissue at their premolt size.
Abstract: Fecundities of primiparous and multiparous female Tanner crab (Chionoecetes bairdi) from the eastern Bering Sea are compared. Primiparous females are approximately 70% as fecund as equal-sized multiparous females. Since primiparous females molt and grow before extruding eggs, whereas multiparous females do not grow, the lesser fecundity of primiparous females may be due either to the energetic cost of growth or to their having a smaller volume within the exoskeleton available for ovarian tissue at their premolt size.
TL;DR: In this article, satellite imagery of a strong temperature front formed in May 1979, between the shelf/slope-water front and warm core ring 79-B was used to detect small-scale frontal waves near 40°N, 68°30′W in specially enhanced satellite imagery.
Abstract: Small-scale waves have been observed near 40°N, 68°30′W in specially enhanced satellite imagery of a strong temperature front formed in May 1979, between the shelf/slope-water front and warm core ring 79-B. Thew frontal waves had a wavelength of 23±4 km, an eastward propagation speed of 32 ± 4 km day−1, and a growth rate (e-folding time) of 17.5 h (12–19 h). These satellite data plus current-velocity and hydro-graphical data gathered from the Nantucket Shoals Flux Experiment (NSFE79) allow comparison of the observed growth rate with theoretical predictions based on the assumption of a Margules front and the instability model of Orlanski (1968). This comparison suggests that the observed frontal waves were due primarily to horizontal-shear instability and derived their energy from the mean flow structure across the front in the presence of ring 79-B.
TL;DR: Age and growth of yellowtail snapper Ocyurus chrysurus from south Florida were determined from otolith cross-sections by determining the oldest fish was 14 years old (443-mm fork length), and the mean back-calculated fork lengths of 807 fish ranged from 136 mm at the end of year 1 to 429 mm in year 14.
Abstract: Age and growth of yellowtail snapper Ocyurus chrysurus from south Florida were determined from otolith cross-sections. The oldest fish was 14 years old (443-mm fork length). Mean back-calculated fork lengths of 807 fish ranged from 136 mm at the end of year 1 to 429 mm at the end of year 14. The von Bertalanffy equation for 802 yellowtail snapper aged 10 or less was Lt = 450.9[1 - e-0.279(t+0.355)], where L = fork length (mm) and t = years. The length-weight relationship was W = 6.13 × 10-5L2.76, where W = weight (g).
TL;DR: In this paper, the nutritional characteristics of washed and uncashed minced rockfish and fillets were determined and the results showed that washing minced flesh resulted in a 37% loss of solids.
Abstract: Yield and nutritional characteristics of unwashed and washed minced rockfish flesh and fillets were determined. The yield of fillets from whole fish was 26% compared to 43% for minced flesh. Washing minced flesh resulted in a 37% loss of solids. The greatest reductions were found in the ash (80%) and lipid (65%) levels in the washed flesh. Most of the sarcoplasmic proteins were lost during washing, but 77% of the total protein (N × 6.25) was recovered in the washed fraction. Washing minced flesh did not affect the amino acid composition, and PER values for all three fish treatments were higher than the casein reference. The rapid formation of trimethylamine and dimethylamine in the dried fillets and dried minced unwashed flesh may explain the development of off-flavors in wafers containing 10% dried fish after 8 wk of storage at 30°C.
TL;DR: The current AOAC method for determination of TMA in fish is based on the colorimetric estimation of T MA as a picrate salt, which is not specific for TMA; ammonia, monomethylamine, and DMA also form corresponding picrate salts.
Abstract: The volatile amines dimethylamine (DMA) and trimethylamine (TMA) are common degradation products of TMA-oxide in marine fish. Both compounds are used as important indicators of quality in seafoods. DMA is produced along with an equimolar quantity of formaldehyde by action of an endogenous enzyme found primarily in gadoid fish. TMA is produced in fresh, but not frozen seafoods by a bacterial enzyme. The current AOAC method for determination of TMA in fish is based on the colorimetric estimation of TMA as a picrate salt. This method is not specific for TMA; ammonia, monomethylamine, and DMA also form corresponding picrate salts. Gas chromatography provides a means of separating and quantitating the individual volatile amines. A simple perchloric acid extract of fish is neutralized with potassium hydroxide and extracted with benzene. The amines are then separated by gas chromatography on a porous polymer packed column and detected by using a nitrogen-phosphorus-specific flame ionization detector. The method provides simple, rapid simultaneous quantitation of DMA and TMA, and is applicable to a wide variety of seafoods.
TL;DR: The physiological studies revealed that the albacore tuna has heart rates and ventricular blood pressures that are among the highest reported for fish and the sarcoplasmic reticulum is poorly developed.
Abstract: The common ventricle in the heart of the Thunnus alalunga was studied. The ventricular myocardium consists of an outer compact layer and a thick inner spongy layer. The compact layer has slightly larger cells (4–6 μm diameter) than the spongy layer (2.5–5 μm diameter).
TL;DR: It is postulated that the influx of juvenile fishes and crabs into the Halodule meadow in summer months leads to a coincident decline in infaunal population densities (number per m2) through predation.
Abstract: The fauna inhabiting a Halodule wrightii meadow in Apalachicola Bay, Florida, was studied from March 1975 through Feburary 1976. The infaunal community was sampled by monthly coring. Fifty-eight species were recorded, averaging 35 species per month. A maximum faunal abundance of 104,338 organisms per m2 in April was one of the highest infaunal densities recorded in the literature. Sixteen species accounted for 84% of the total numbers and 80% of the total biomass over the study period. Numerical dominants were Hargeria rapax, Heteromastus filiformis, Ampelisca vadorum, Aricidea fragilis, and oligochaetes. Biomass dominants were Tagelus plebeius, Neritina reclivata, Ensis minor, and Haploscoloplos fragilis. Life history notes are given for several dominant species. Epibenthic fishes and macroinvertebrates were sampled by monthly trawling. Twenty-three species of fishes (mostly juveniles) were collected near the coring site, with most species and individuals recorded during the months May through September. Bairdiella chrysoura, Orthopristis chrysoptera, and Lagodon rhomboides comprised 76% of the total fish numbers. Eleven species of macroinvertebrates were collected mainly in June and July. Callinectes sapidus comprised 61% of the total invertebrate numbers. It is postulated that the influx of juvenile fishes and crabs into the Halodule meadow in summer months leads to a coincident decline in infaunal population densities (number per m2) through predation. Infaunal biomasses are largely unaffected by these predators since the biomass dominants are large or deep-burrowing species.
TL;DR: The influence of net-towing speed on estimates of the abundance of larval Atlantic menhaden Brevoortia tyrannus, spot Leiostomus xanthurus, pinfish Lagodon rhomboides, and Atlantic croaker Micropogonias undulatus was studied in nearshore and estuarine areas of North Carolina.
Abstract: The influence of net-towing speed on estimates of the abundance of larval Atlantic menhaden Brevoortia tyrannus, spot Leiostomus xanthurus, pinfish Lagodon rhomboides, and Atlantic croaker Micropogonias undulatus was studied in nearshore and estuarine areas of North Carolina. A modified Miller high-speed sampler was towed at speeds ranging from 2 to 12 m/second. In one series, catch increased monotonically with increasing tow speed up to 7 m/second; in a second series, catch increased with speed up to 8 m/second but decreased at higher speeds, possibly because larvae were extruded through the net or deflected by the pressure wave. In additional studies, a slowly towed (2 m/second) 20-cm bongo net was compared to the high-speed sampler during daylight; day and night samples from the high-speed sampler also were compared. These data imply that visual avoidance by larval fish biases estimates of both their abundance and their vertical distribution. The data from all three studies suggest the need to...
TL;DR: Levels of 16 priority PAH's (US Environmental Protection Agency 1977) from the surficial sediments of Casco Bay, Maine are presented.
Abstract: In this communication, levels of 16 priority PAH's (US Environmental Protection Agency 1977) from the surficial sediments of Casco Bay, Maine are presented. Casco Bay is a 400 sq. km. embayment in the Gulf of Maine which includes Portland harbor, a major oil port and the principal fishing port in Maine. Recent data are presently available on the distribution of trace metals, PCB's and benthic fauna in Casco Bay.
TL;DR: The data affirm that suspended marine bacteria efficiently utilize dissolved free amino acids and that acidification should not be used to stop the incubation of samples to be filtered for measurement of substrate incorporation.
TL;DR: Results are given from collections made during eight cruises over the northeastern continental shelf, which revealed dominant species included Skeletonema costatum, Asterionella glacialis and Leptocylindrus danicus.
Abstract: Results are given from collections made during eight cruises over the northeastern continental shelf. Seasonal phytoplankton assemblages are noted, which include a variety of ultraplankton components. Areas of greatest cell concentrations were at near shore stations, Georges Bank, and at scattered sites over the shelf. Dominant species included Skeletonema costatum, Asterionella glacialis and Leptocylindrus danicus.
01 Apr 1983
TL;DR: The Galapagos Rift thermal vent fish fauna is about as diverse as that of the flat bottom near Hudson Canyon at comparable depths as discussed by the authors, and the five or six most abundant species were Coryphaenoides bulbiceps, Bassozetus, one or two zoarcids, Antimora, and Spectrunculus.
Abstract: About 20 species of fishes live in the vacinity of the Galapagos Rift thermal springs at depths of about 2,400 m at about 0°48′N, 86°08′W. Records are based on sightings from a manned submersible, time-lapse photographs near a baited trap, and actual captures. The five or six most abundant species were Coryphaenoides bulbiceps, Bassozetus, one or two zoarcids, Antimora, and Spectrunculus. Only a single species, an undescribed bythitid, possibly in the genus Diplacanthopoma, lives in the vents. The thermal vent fish fauna is about as diverse as that of the flat bottom near Hudson Canyon at comparable depths. Relatively few fishes were attracted to bait. Endemism seems lower among the fishes than invertebrates. Species diversity and population density of fishes overall decrease closer to the vents. Opposite trends appear to characterize invertebrates.
TL;DR: To determine how "detoxification" mechanisms such as metal-binding proteins and concretions are involved in the intracellular partitioning of trace metals in marine shellfish, the oyster, Crassostrea virginica, and the blue crab were exposed to controlled levels of Trace metals.
01 Jan 1983
TL;DR: Comparisons are made between the New Guinea mangrove fish fauna and the mangroves fishes in 7 other studies from North Borneo, South Viet Nam, India, Madagascar, Florida, and Puerto Rico.
Abstract: Fishes were collected with rotenone from 14 mangrove swamps, 2 in northern Australia, 6 in Papua New Guinea and 6 in Irian Jaya. Over 200 species from 58 families were found. The 12 families found in the most mangrove swamps were Hemiramphidae (13 of 14), Gobiidae (13), Apogonidae (13), Tetraodontidae (10), Blenniidae (10), Lutjanidae (9), Ophichthidae (9), Eleotridae (8), Pomacentridae (8), Toxotidae (8), Ambassidae (8), and Siganidae (7). The number of families collected per mangrove swamp ranged from 9 to 25, the number of species from 12 to 57, and the number of specimens from 59 to 818. Among the most abundant species in some mangroves were two anchovies (Thrissina baelama and Stolephorus commersonii), a cardinalfish (Apogon lateralis), two ambassids (Ambassis interruptus and Priopidichthys gymnocephalus), an atherinid (Atherinomorous endrachtensis), a pomacentrid (Neopomacentrus taeniurus), and a goby (Oligolepis moloanus). Species found in the most mangroves were the archerfish Toxotes jaculator, a blenny Omox biporos and a cardinalfish Apogon lateralis (8 of 14); a cardinalfish Fowleria cf. marmorata, two gobies, Acentrogobius cf. triangularis and Pandaka cf. pygmaea (7); a pipefish Hippichthys spicifer, a third species of cardinalfish Sphaeramia orbicularis, three gobies, Oligolepis moloanus, Parioglossus sp., and Yongeichthys cf. nebulosus, and an elebtrid Eleotris cf. fusca (6). Comparisons are made between the New Guinea mangrove fish fauna and the mangrove fishes in 7 other studies from North Borneo, South Viet Nam, India, Madagascar, Florida, and Puerto Rico.
TL;DR: Data is presented on the distribution of the trace metals Ag, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn in the surficial sediments of Penobscot Bay with the aim of describing existing conditions and providing a bench-mark against which to evaluate future alterations.
Abstract: In an effort to expand the environmental quality baseline of northern New England the authors surveyed Penobscot Bay for the distribution of benthic fauna and several pollutants as part of the Northeast Monitoring Program. Penobscot Bay, the largest embayment in northern New England, is located centrally on the Maine coast. This paper presents data on the distribution of the trace metals Ag, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn in the surficial sediments of Penobscot Bay with the aim of describing existing conditions and providing a bench-mark against which to evaluate future alterations.