Showing papers by "Suffolk University published in 1981"
TL;DR: This article found a strong relationship between the first grader's reading performance and two measures of phonological awareness, invented spelling and phoneme segmentation abilities, which was not related to the child's sex, intelligence, socioeconomic status or chronological age within a 12-month span.
107 citations
107 citations
TL;DR: Finger clubbing has been recognized as a sign of pulmonary disease since the observations of Hippocrates (460-375 BC) and Aretaeus (AD 81-138) as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Finger clubbing has been recognized as a sign of pulmonary disease since the observations of Hippocrates (460-375 BC) and Aretaeus (AD 81-138). During the second half of the nineteenth century pachydermoperiostosis (Friedreich 1868) and hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (HOA) (Bamberger 1889, 1891; Marie 1890) were described. Initially they were confused with acromegaly, to which they bear a superficial resemblance Most early authors distinguished these conditions from finger clubbing, but Locke (1915), in a review of the reported cases, noted that HOA was invariably associated with clubbing. He proposed that clubbing was an early stage of HOA and this view found wide acceptance over the next 40 years. However, although clubbing and HOA have many causes in common, their prevalence in individual diseases is very different. Clubbing is almost universal in cyanotic congenital heart disease and common in primary biliary cirrhosis, cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis and subacute bacterial endocarditis; HOA is very uncommon in these conditions (Williams et al. 1963; Epstein et al. 1979). In addition it is now recognized that HOA can occur without clubbing (Holling & Brodey 1961). It is probably better at present to consider clubbing and HOA as separate entities which have many similarities. Much of the difficulty in distinguishing between the conditions has arisen because of confusion over their definitions. Both clubbing and HOA are essentially descriptive terms. Clubbing is the painless uniform swelling of the soft tissues of the terminal phalanx of a digit, but HOA is not so clearly defined. It is usually regarded as a condition affecting both bones and joints and characterized by radiological signs of periosteal new bone formation (Ginsburg 1963; Fischer et al. 1964). However, these radiological changes may be present in otherwise typical examples of HOA without bone pain, ankle oedema, joint pain or stiffness or synovial effusions. In such patients, syphilis, scurvy and poisoning by fluorine, strontium, vitamin A and vitamin D should be excluded since they can cause a similar periosteal reaction (Salih & Halim 1978). More rarely the typical clinical features of HOA are obvious but there are no radiological abnormalities (Horn 1980). ggmTechnetium pyrophosphate bone scans are more sensitive than radiographs in detecting new bone formation (Lokich 1977) and may be useful in difficult cases. Clubbing occurs in over 90% of patients with other features of HOA (Hammarsten & O’Leary 1957) and is often gross. Coury (1960) considers it to be an essential feature of HOA but this is a minority view. HOA is, by definition, secondary to some other condition. Pachydermoperiostosis can mimic it exactly in its presenting features and therefore can be diagnosed with certainty only by excluding all the recognized causes of HOA. A family history of
78 citations
TL;DR: This paper showed that children with good verbal imitation skills readily acquire both receptive signing and receptive speech; children with poor verbal imitation skill acquire receptive signing but not receptive speech, while the results were reliable and replicable across all six children.
63 citations
TL;DR: A case of squamous cell carcinoma arising in a cystic duplication within the small bowel mesentery of a 65‐yr‐old man with a double layered smooth muscle coat with intervening ganglionic plexus is described.
Abstract: A case of squamous cell carcinoma arising in a cystic duplication within the small bowel mesentery of a 65-yr-old man is described. The cyst wall had a double layered smooth muscle coat with intervening ganglionic plexus; part of the cyst was lined by ciliated columnar epithelium.
Twelve previously reported cases of carcinoma arising in duplications are reviewed together with the present case. In all but one case, the onset of symptoms was probably related to malignant change; the age at presentation ranged from 26 to 65 yrs. Pre-operative diagnosis proved difficult, and led to a delay in the appropriate treatment of some of the five cases involving duplications of the rectum.
Duplications of the alimentary tract are encountered only occasionally in adults; malignant change, although rare, should be recognised as a possible complication.
46 citations
TL;DR: Although most problems have been solved, and the mortality is low, the anastomotic leak rate described in the present series, remains high and in the hands of most surgeons, the method is worth a continued trial.
Abstract: The majority of rectal neoplasms can now be resected safely with preservation of the anus. In my practice the ratio of restorative resection to complete rectal excision is 6: 1. The operation is also reasonably safe. In just over 100 consecutive cases the mortality for patients of 75 years and under was nil. For patients over that age the mortality was in the region of 20%. Of six postoperative deaths, five were caused by cardiorespiratory complications and one by peritonitis secondary to anastomotic dehiscence. The latter was in a blind and deaf 87-year-old. She might have been saved by an emergency colostomy but it was decided to dp no more.
45 citations
TL;DR: Isomers of 3,17-dihydroxyandrostan-16-one, 3,16-dHYDroxyandroStan-17-one and androstane-3,16, 17-triol have been identified as urinary metabolites of testosterone in the horse and metabolites obtained after hydrolysis of the conjugates have been investigated by g.l.c.-mass spectrometry.
Abstract: 1. Isomers of 3,17-dihydroxyandrostan-16-one, 3,16-dihydroxyandrostan-17-one and androstane-3,16,17-triol have been identified as urinary metabolites of testosterone in the horse. 2. Following XAD-2 extraction of urine samples, Sephadex LH-20 chromatography was used to separate the extract into conjugate groups. Metabolites obtained after hydrolysis of the conjugates have been investigated by g.l.c.-mass spectrometry. 3. Testosterone, 3,17-dihydroxyandrostan-16-one and 3,16-dihydroxyandrostan-17-one were found only in the sulphate fraction. 5 alpha-Androstane-3 beta,17 beta-diol, and two isomeric androstane triols were present mainly in this fraction and 5 alpha-androstane-3 beta,17 alpha-diol was a minor component. In the glucuronide fraction 5 alpha-androstane-3 beta,17 alpha-diol was the major metabolite present and 5 alpha-androstane-3 beta,17 beta-diol and the two isomeric triols were minor components.
40 citations
TL;DR: The present study shows that when effort was made to standardise the nutrient content of the diets by using the same or similar ingredients in their preparation, the food category to which the diet belonged was of little significance.
36 citations
01 Jan 1981
TL;DR: In this paper, a pan-shaped impermeable membrane was installed in the soil below the leaching field to collect and detain the leachate, and Methanol, as a carbon source for denitrification, was injected into the pan.
Abstract: Contamination of groundwater by nitrates from individual septic tank leaching systems is a potentially serious public health problem in Suffolk County, where groundwater is the sole water supply source for its 1,300,000 inhabitants. This study investigated the possibility of developing a system for eliminating nitrate-nitrogen from wastewaters which would otherwise leach through the soil and contaminate the groundwater. A conventional septic tank-leaching field residential subsurface wastewater disposal system was constructed. A pan-shaped impermeable membrane was installed in the soil below the leaching field to collect and detain the leachate. Methanol, as a carbon source for denitrification, was injected into the pan. After more than one year of operation, it was found that the system is capable of removing nitrate-nitrogen to well below the recommended public health limit. Findings indicate that the system exhibits potential for development of a practical method of nitrate removal in subsurface wastewater disposal systems.
36 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the use of the sorptivity test is recommended as a method of assessing the efficacy of chemical injection damp proof treatments as applied, and test data are presented for laboratory treated bricks using an injection fluid based on aluminium stearate.
32 citations
Patent•
16 Dec 1981TL;DR: In this article, a visual display unit for displaying variations in the quotient of applied load and safe working load for a vehicle, such as a mechanical handling or load-carrying vehicle, has a pictorial representation of the vehicle applied to a display panel and a plurality of lights positioned around the representation and arranged to be illuminated at different predetermined quotient levels so as to provide a primary visual indication of an increase in load towards an unsafe condition.
Abstract: A visual display unit for displaying variations in the quotient of applied load and safe working load for a vehicle, such as a mechanical handling or load-carrying vehicle, has a pictorial representation of the vehicle applied to a display panel and a plurality of lights positioned around the representation and arranged to be illuminated at different predetermined quotient levels so as to provide a primary visual indication of an increase in load towards an unsafe condition. In addition the lights and the representation are mutually disposed such that a secondary visual indication is provided showing the cause of an increase in applied load and how it may be reduced.
TL;DR: The study has shown that the horse can utilize glycine, taurine and glucuronic acid for conjugation of xenobiotic carboxylic acids, and that the relative extents of these pathways are governed by the structure of the carboxYlic acid.
Abstract: 1. 14C-Labelled benzoic acid, salicylic acid and 2-naphthylacetic acid were administered orally to horses, and urinary metabolites investigated by chromatographic and mass spectral techniques.2. [14C] Benzoic acid (5 mg/kg) was eliminated rapidly in the urine, and quantitatively recovered in 24 h. The major urinary metabolite was hippuric acid (95% of dose) with much smaller amounts of benzoic acid, benzoyl glucuronide and 3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropionic acid. Administration of [ring-D5]benzoic acid together with [14C]benzoic acid to a pony permitted the mass spectral determination of metabolites of the exogenous benzoic acid metabolites in the presence of the same endogenous compounds.3. [14C]Salicylic acid (35 mg/kg) was eliminated rapidly in the urine, 98% of the 14C dose being excreted in 24 h. The major excretion product was unchanged salicylate (94% of dose). Gentisic acid, salicyluric acid and the ester and ether glucuronides of salicylic acid were very minor metabolites.4. 2-Naphthyl[14C]acetic acid (...
TL;DR: Negative ion chemical ionization mass spectra of some corticosteroids have been obtained by direct syringe introduction on to the Finnigan moving belt high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer interface using ammonia as reagent gas.
Abstract: Negative ion chemical ionization mass spectra of some corticosteroids have been obtained by direct syringe introduction on to the Finnigan moving belt high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer interface. Proprietary preparations based upon dexamethasone, betamethasone and prednisolone were administered to horses at therapeutic dose level. Urine samples were extracted, the extracts purified by Sephadex LH-20 chromatography and the presence of the parent steroids in the eluates was confirmed by combined high-performance liquid chromatography negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry using ammonia as reagent gas.
TL;DR: In this article, a scheme is presented in which boron is removed from coloured extracts by dialysis, in this way the interference can be removed automatically, and the suggested scheme allows hydroponic solutions and extracts of soils, peat-based composts and plant materials to be analysed without further treatment at a rate of 20 hr•1.
Abstract: Extracts that are coloured, owing to dissolved organic matter, give rise to an interference when boron is determined by the colorimetric Azomethine‐H method. A scheme is presented in which boron is removed from coloured extracts by dialysis. In this way the interference can be removed automatically. The suggested scheme allows hydroponic solutions and extracts of soils, peat‐based composts and plant materials to be analysed without further treatment at a rate of 20 hr‐1. The limit of detection is 0.05ppm B in solution. Recoveries of boron added to extracts from all types of sample were excellent. The effects of some interferences were investigated and found not to be significant under normal working.
TL;DR: The use of capillary column gas chromatography mass spectrometry has been investigated for the detection of the presence of estrane-3,17 alpha-diol in horse urine extracts; the detectionof this diol confirms the administration of anabolic steroids based upon 19-nortestosterone.
Abstract: The use of capillary column gas chromatography mass spectrometry has been investigated for the detection of the presence of estrane-3,17 alpha-diol in horse urine extracts; the detection of this diol confirms the administration of anabolic steroids based upon 19-nortestosterone. To reduce analysis time, but yet maintain a solvent effect in the splitless injection mode, injections have been made at elevated temperatures (190-220 degree C) using high boiling solvents (dodecane b.p. 214 degree C and tetradecane b.p. 252 degree C).
TL;DR: Two cases of ceruminoma seen in the ENT Department, Ipswich Hospital, during the past three years were both associated with other sweat gland tumours, the first with eccrine spiradenoma in the neck and the second with multiple cylindromata on the scalp.
Abstract: Tumours arising from ceruminous glands of the ear are rare. Two cases of ceruminoma seen in the ENT Department, Ipswich Hospital, during the past three years were both associated with other sweat gland tumours, the first with eccrine spiradenoma in the neck, and the second with multiple cylindromata on the scalp (turban tumour).
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed the net gas production of an anaerobic digester system, in which digester heating is derived from combustion of biogas in a boiler.
TL;DR: Family day care children showed greater and more consistent enhancement of cognitive functioning than did a comparison group of children in professionally-run group day care centers that did not include this educational component.
Abstract: Effects of three different educational programs (high, medium, and low structure) and two types of delivery systems ("teacher" only and "teacher" plus day care mother) on cognitive performance of 52 preschool children in family day care are examined. Family day care children showed greater and more consistent enhancement of cognitive functioning than did a comparison group of children in professionally-run group day care centers that did not include this educational component.
TL;DR: The effects of ULV spraying of endosulfan from the air for tsetse fly control on aquatic invertebrates were studied in the Okavango delta, Northern Botswana, over a three-year period.
TL;DR: Evidence is provided that this unknown metabolite arises from the addition of a two carbon fragment to the carboxyl group of benzoic acid, leading to the excretion of β-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid and the corresponding β-keto acid in the urine.
TL;DR: Large concentrations of ethanol in samples of urine collected from horses after racing have been shown to be caused by the fermentation of glucose with a Mucor sp.
Abstract: Large concentrations of ethanol in samples of urine collected from horses after racing have been shown to be caused by the fermentation of glucose with a Mucor sp. of mould. Fermentation can be prevented by the addition of sodium azide to urine.
TL;DR: Zinc and Cu (sulfates) applied in a multi-nutrient commercial material which also contains Mn, Ca, and P suppressed Sclerotinia blight symptoms nearly as effectiv...
Abstract: Field experiments were conducted in Southampton County, Virginia in 1978 and 1979 on Altavista loamy fine sand (Aquic Hapludult) to determine whether applied nutrients affect the severity of Sclerotinia blight in peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) caused by Sclerotinia minor. Soil or foliar applications of N, K, Ca, Mg, P, Mn, Zn, Fe, B, S, and Cl were evaluated alone and/or in various combinations and formulations. Multiple Zn or Cu sprays applied on the foliage suppressed Sclerotinia blight symptoms most during fruit development. Yields in plots sprayed with four 1.12-kg/ha applications of Zn were 1,965 kg/ha greater than in untreated plots in 1978. Four 2.24 kg/ha sprays of Zn increased yields 810 kg/ha in 1979. In 1978, CuSO4 sprayed in a manner similar to ZnSO4 was the second most effective treatment among the simple nutrient materials. Zinc and Cu (sulfates) applied in a multi-nutrient commercial material which also contains Mn, Ca, and P suppressed Sclerotinia blight symptoms nearly as effectiv...
TL;DR: The device, known by the acronym FAD (filter and detect), operates from a single-phase clock and can process up to 64000 samples/s at the maximum permissible clock rate of 2048 kbit/s.
Abstract: An LSI circuit for digital signal processing has been designed and manufactured in 5 V n-channel MOS technology. Its main functions are to implement digital filters of the cascaded biquadratic form and to perform level detection operations. The frequency response of the filter is controlled by coefficients supplied from an external memory. The device, known by the acronym FAD (filter and detect), operates from a single-phase clock and can process up to 64000 samples/s at the maximum permissible clock rate of 2048 kbit/s. Although FAD was designed for one particular requirement, it has sufficient flexibility for use in a variety of application.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that cracks can be initiated before the instability strain and failure occurs along an essentially radial path without necking, and that crack nucleation sites are within the outer half or third of the annulus.