Showing papers by "Swinburne University of Technology published in 2023"

Multidimensional spectroscopy of heavy impurities in ultracold fermions

Abstract: We investigate the system of a heavy impurity immersed in a degenerated Fermi gas, where the impurity's internal degree of freedom (pseudospin) is manipulated by a series of radiofrequency (RF) pulses at several different times. Applying the functional determinant approach, we carry out an essentially exact calculation of the Ramsey-interference-type responses to the RF pulses. These responses are universal functions of the multiple time intervals between the pulses for all time and can be regarded as multidimensional (MD) spectroscopy of the system in the time domain. A Fourier transformation of the time intervals gives the MD spectroscopy in the frequency domain, providing insightful information on the many-body correlation and relaxation via the cross-peaks, e.g., the off-diagonal peaks in a two-dimensional spectrum. These features are inaccessible for the conventional, one-dimensional absorption spectrum. Our scheme provides a new method to investigate many-body nonequilibrium physics beyond the linear response regime with the accessible tools in cold atoms.

A pilot randomised controlled trial of the Peer Tree digital intervention targeting loneliness in young people: a study protocol

Abstract: Young people are vulnerable to experiencing problematic levels of loneliness which can lead to poor mental health outcomes. Loneliness is a malleable treatment target and preliminary evidence has shown that it can be addressed with digital platforms. Peer Tree is a strength-based digital smartphone application aimed at reducing loneliness. The study aim is to reduce loneliness and assess the acceptability, usability, and feasibility of Peer Tree in young people enrolled at university.This will be a pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing a strength-based digital smartphone application (Peer Tree) with a control condition. Forty-two young people enrolled at university will be recruited for this pilot RCT. Participants with suicidal ideation or behaviours, acute psychiatric symptoms in the past month, or a current diagnosis of a mood or social anxiety disorder will be excluded. Allocation will be made on a 1:1 ratio and will occur after the initial baseline assessment. Assessments are completed at baseline, at post-intervention, and at follow-up. Participants in the control condition complete the same three assessment sessions. The primary outcome of the study will be loneliness. Depression, social anxiety, quality of life, acceptability, usability, feasibility, and safety of Peer Tree will also be measured as secondary outcomes.This trial will report the findings of implementing Peer Tree, a smartphone application aimed at reducing loneliness in university students. Findings from this trial will highlight the initial efficacy, acceptability, and feasibility of using digital positive psychology interventions to reduce subthreshold mental health concerns. Findings from this trial will also describe the safety of Peer Tree as a digital tool. Results will contribute evidence for positive psychology interventions to address mental ill-health.Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ACTRN12619000350123. Registered on 6 March 2020.

Clinical research from information systems practice

Abstract: An increasing presence of practitioners with doctoral degrees in Information Systems and related disciplines holds promise to advance Information Systems research. The prospect is to gain more knowledge from the practical experience of developing, using, and managing information systems in context. To scientifically capitalise on this opportunity, this EJIS special issue introduces the research genre of “Information Systems Clinical Research”. The genre presents knowledge generated from practitioner-researcher interventions to achieve desired outcomes in information systems development, use, and management practice contexts. In this editorial, we introduce and conceptualise the genre; we present a research framework that defines its four key elements; and we discuss how to address its key challenges in research projects. As a result, we derive ten criteria for rigorous Information Systems Clinical Research and provide examples on how the articles published in the special issue have addressed these criteria. We conclude with a call to further advance clinical research as an important part of the Information Systems discipline.

ChoiceScript and developer-mediated self-curation

Abstract: This article looks at how games created with the ChoiceScript authoring tool create a situation in which players construct a sense of self using the developer’s assumptions hidden within the code. Some interactive narratives use statistics (also called ‘alignment systems’) to keep track of player choices, saving them in the form of character descriptions such as ‘Good’, ‘Humanity’ or ‘Booksmarts’. ChoiceScript is an authoring tool designed to encourage the creation of text-based interactive narratives that heavily revolve around such stats and the prominent display of a ‘Show Stats’ page. This article explores how many ChoiceScript games use the procedural enthymeme to embed the developer’s assumptions into their stats. Many ChoiceScript games also have a structure that is evocative of pop culture personality tests. These two elements – the procedural enthymeme and a pop culture personality test structure – combine to generate an experience of developer-mediated self-curation.

Depression, Anxiety, and Stress among Hangover-Sensitive and Hangover-Resistant Drinkers

Abstract: This study investigated potential differences in baseline (i.e., non-hangover-related) levels of depression, anxiety, and stress between individuals who are sensitive to and those resistant to hangovers after consuming alcohol. Participants included 5111 university students from the Netherlands and the U.K., including 3205 hangover-sensitive and 1906 hangover-resistant drinkers. All participants completed surveys on their demographics, alcohol consumption, and hangover susceptibility (whether they experienced a hangover in the past 12 months), as well as their baseline levels of depression, anxiety, and stress on the DASS-21 scale. The results showed that hangover-sensitive drinkers had significantly higher levels of anxiety and stress, but not depression, compared to hangover-resistant drinkers. However, the observed differences between the two groups were small, with a magnitude of less than 1 out of 42 points on the DASS-21 anxiety and stress subscales, and are thus unlikely to be clinically meaningful.

Review on the Application of Photovoltaic Forecasting Using Machine Learning for Very Short- to Long-Term Forecasting

Abstract: Advancements in renewable energy technology have significantly reduced the consumer dependence on conventional energy sources for power generation. Solar energy has proven to be a sustainable source of power generation compared to other renewable energy sources. The performance of a photovoltaic (PV) system is highly dependent on the amount of solar penetration to the solar cell, the type of climatic season, the temperature of the surroundings, and the environmental humidity. Unfortunately, every renewable’s technology has its limitation. Consequently, this prevents the system from operating to a maximum or optimally. Achieving a precise PV system output power is crucial to overcoming solar power output instability and intermittency performance. This paper discusses an intensive review of machine learning, followed by the types of neural network models under supervised machine learning implemented in photovoltaic power forecasting. The literature of past researchers is collected, mainly focusing on the duration of forecasts for very short-, short-, and long-term forecasts in a photovoltaic system. The performance of forecasting is also evaluated according to a different type of input parameter and time-step resolution. Lastly, the crucial aspects of a conventional and hybrid model of machine learning and neural networks are reviewed comprehensively.

Rational and generalised rational chebyshev approximation problems and their applications

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Advanced Applications for Kerr Micro-combs

Abstract: We present our latest results for advanced applications of optical Kerr frequency microcombs, including an optical convolutional accelerator operating at 11 Tera-OPS, as well as real-time video signal processing at a speed of 17 Terabits/s.

Land Administration As-A-Service: Relevance, Applications, and Models

Abstract: The ‘as-a-Service’ (aaS) concept of the IT sector is suggested to reduce upfront and ongoing costs, enable easier scaling, and make for simpler system upgrades. The concept is explored in relation to the domain of land administration, with a view to examining its relevance, application, and potential adaptation. Specifically, these aspects are analysed against the long-standing problem of land administration system maintenance. Two discrete literature reviews, a comparative analysis, and final modelling work constitute the research design. Of the 35 underlying land administration maintenance issues identified, aaS is found to directly respond to 15, indirectly support another 15, and provide no immediate benefit to 5. Most prominent are the ability of aaS to support issues relating to financial sustainability, continuous innovation, and human capacity provision. The approach is found to be already in use in various country contexts. It is articulated by the UNECE as one of four scenarios for future land administration development. In terms of adaptation, the 4-tier framework from Enterprise Architecture—consisting of Business, Application, Information, and Technology layers—is used to model and describe five specific aaS approaches: (i) On Premises; (ii) Basic Outsourcing; (iii) Public Private Partnership; (iv) Fully Privatised; and (v) Subscription. Several are more theoretical in nature but may see future adoption. Each requires further development, including case analyses, to support more detailed definitions of the required underlying legal frameworks, financial models, partnerships arrangements, data responsibilities, and so on. Decisions on the appropriate aaS model, and the application of aaS more generally, are entirely dependent on the specific country context. Overall, this work provides a platform for land administration researchers and practitioners to analyse the relevance and implementation options of the aaS concept.

Pre-service Teachers’ Perceptions of Establishing Professional Connections on Instagram

Abstract: Social media is one way educators can connect professionally. In initial teacher education (ITE), social media integrated into learning and teaching, enables pre-service teachers (PSTs) to extend ways to reflect, access resources, and connect with others while developing a professional profile. Integration is an emerging field within ITE, with most reporting on the use of Twitter and Facebook, however little has been reported on the use of Instagram with PSTs. The aim of this chapter is to present PSTs’ perceptions of Instagram use within their ITE studies. The study shared is underpinned by a constructivist online learning framework where 76 PSTs enrolled at an Australian university reflect upon their use of Instagram after a semester of integration into professional experience subjects. Revealed from post-semester written reflections, is how Instagram integrated into ITE offers an opportunity for PSTs to feel more connected and experience a different form of online learning that enables them to make their reflective practice visible, while enhancing professional development.

Imaging with Diffractive Axicons Rapidly Milled on Sapphire by Femtosecond Laser Ablation

Abstract: We show that single-pulse burst fabrication will produce a flatter and smoother profile of axicons milled on sapphire compared to pulse overlapped fabrication which results in a damaged and much rougher surface. The fabrication of large-area (sub-1 cm cross-section) micro-optical components in a short period of time (∼10 min) and with less processing steps is highly desirable and would be cost-effective. Our results were achieved with femtosecond laser fabrication technology which has revolutionized the field of advanced manufacturing. This study compares three configurations of axicons such as the conventional axicon, a photon sieve axicon (PSA) and a sparse PSA directly milled onto a sapphire substrate. Debris of redeposited amorphous sapphire were removed using isopropyl alcohol and potassium hydroxide. A spatially incoherent illumination was used to test the components for imaging applications. Non-linear reconstruction was used for cleaning noisy images generated by the axicons.

Optical embodiments of Rabi splitting based in photonic integrated waveguide-coupled resonators

Abstract: Abstract Realizing optical analogues of quantum phenomena in atomic, molecular, or condensed matter physics has underpinned a range of photonic technologies. Rabi splitting is a quantum phenomenon induced by a strong interaction between two quantum states, and its optical analogues are of fundamental importance for the manipulation of light-matter interactions with wide applications in optoelectronics and nonlinear optics. Here, we propose and theoretically investigate purely optical analogues of Rabi splitting in integrated waveguide-coupled resonators formed by two Sagnac interferometers. By tailoring the coherent mode interference, the spectral response of the devices is engineered to achieve optical analogues of Rabi splitting with anti-crossing behavior in the resonances. Transitions between the Lorentzian, Fano, and Rabi splitting spectral lineshapes are achieved by simply changing the phase shift along the waveguide connecting the two Sagnac interferometers, revealing interesting physical insights about the evolution of different optical analogues of quantum phenomena. The impact of the device structural parameters is also analyzed to facilitate device design and optimization. These results suggest a new way for realizing optical analogues of Rabi splitting based on integrated waveguide-coupled resonators, paving the way for many potential applications that manipulate light-matter interactions in the strong coupling regime.

Challenging the Dominant Grand Narrative in Global Education and Culture

Abstract: This chapter critically examines the dominant tradition in formal education as an indirect driver of biocultural homogenization while revealing that there is an alternative tradition that fosters biocultural conservation. The dominant tradition, originating in the Seventeenth Century scientific revolution effected by René Descartes, Thomas Hobbes, Isaac Newton, John Locke and allied thinkers, privileges science, seen as facilitating the technological domination of the world in the service of economic growth, as the only genuine knowledge. This is at the foundation of a globalized, homogenizing culture that reduces everything and everyone to instruments of the globalized economy. The alternative, now recognized as the Radical Enlightenment, has its roots in the Renaissance. Represented by thinkers such as Giordano Bruno, Giambattista Vico, Gottfried Herder, and Friedrich Wilhelm Schelling, it challenges such dogmatic scientism and upholds the value of diverse cultures, past, and present. It offers an alternative tradition and model of education fostering imagination, understanding, and appreciation of diversity in the quest for wisdom. It is a model of education which engenders respect for and appreciation of the value of different cultures, including indigenous wisdom with very different attitudes toward nature, thereby developing the capacity to reflect on, question, criticize, and overcome the homogenizing imperialism of mainstream modernist culture.

Carbon Footprint Assessment of Waste PCB Recycling Through Black Copper Smelting in Australia

Abstract: Electronic wasteWaste (e-wasteWaste) is one of the fastest growing wasteWaste streams in AustraliaAustralia. The high potential value of precious metals in e-wasteWaste is a factor in the development of an e-wasteWaste recyclingRecycling process facility in AustraliaAustralia. Preliminary environmental impactEnvironment Impact analysis using net carbon footprintCarbon footprint as an indicator for developing comprehensive waste PCBWaste PCB processing facilities in AustraliaAustralia has been carried out and presented in this paper. The paper analyses the current situation of e-wasteWaste management (focused on waste PCBWaste PCB) based on three different scenarios: (1) recyclingRecycling of waste PCBWaste PCB in a small-scale facility, (2) recyclingRecycling of waste PCBWaste PCB integrated with industry, and (3) recyclingRecycling of waste PCBWaste PCB in a centralized and large recyclingRecycling facility. The total carbon footprintsCarbon footprint of these scenarios were estimated to be in the range of 1.96–3.76 (kg CO2-eq/kg CuCuS). The transport of key materials to the plant was found to only contribute a little to the overall carbon emission. Reduction of carbon emission by 18–31% was estimated when renewable energyRenewable Energy sources were used for supplying the electricity for the process.

Organization as Autopoietic ‘Understanding’?

Abstract: Abstract This chapter considers the latent promise that a synthesis of Alfred North Whitehead’s process metaphysics and Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s embodied phenomenology might hold for Management and Organization Studies when construed in terms of a ‘process phenomenology’. Though ostensibly working in two distinct philosophical traditions, it is shown how Whitehead and Merleau-Ponty ultimately arrive at complementary ontological schemes grounded in the primacy of experience qua perception. Partially explaining this convergence is Henri Bergson, whose influence on both Whitehead and Merleau-Ponty serves as a concrete link between the traditions of process thought and phenomenology more broadly. Outlining the basic principles of Whitehead’s process metaphysics alongside Merleau-Ponty’s Gestalt inspired phenomenology, it is shown how a Whiteheadian interpretation of Merleau-Ponty’s late ontology of flesh results in a dynamic, relational worldview in which the becoming of organisms, and indeed organizations, can be framed as an autopoietic process of ‘understanding’ oneself and one’s world.

Decision-Making for HIV AIDS Prevention: Altruism and the Moral Norm

Abstract: The purpose of this enquiry was to understand how gay men form and maintain their attitudes toward HIV transmission preventative behaviors. Autobiographical life histories of sixteen gay men showed that once they acquired knowledge of preventative behavior they consistently adhered to that behavior. They adhered because of fear of HIV infection and because they held a moral norm that obligated them to behave altruistically (Schwartz, 1977) to protect not only themselves, but also their sex partners, loved ones, and their positive self-evaluation. They saw their HIV negative status, and their adherence, as pre-requisite and enabler for achieving their goals in life. Dick and Basu's (1994) Framework for Customer Loyalty, a commercial marketing communications theoretical framework, explains development and maintenance of these men's loyalty (their consistent adherence). This understanding, within a marketing communications framework, will inform development of social marketing communications aiming to increase adherence to behaviors that prevent HIV transmission.

Silicon nitride optical waveguide parametric amplifiers with integrated graphene oxide films

Abstract: Abstract Optical parametric amplification (OPA) represents a powerful solution to achieve broadband amplification in wavelength ranges beyond the scope of conventional gain media, for generating high-power optical pulses, optical microcombs, entangled photon pairs and a wide range of other applications. Here, we demonstrate optical parametric amplifiers based on silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) waveguides integrated with two-dimensional (2D) layered graphene oxide (GO) films. We achieve precise control over the thickness, length, and position of the GO films using a transfer-free, layer-by-layer coating method combined with accurate window opening in the chip cladding using photolithography. Detailed OPA measurements with a pulsed pump for the fabricated devices with different GO film thicknesses and lengths show a maximum parametric gain of ~ 24.0 dB, representing a ~ 12.2 dB improvement relative to the device without GO. We perform a theoretical analysis of the device performance, achieving good agreement with experiment and showing that there is substantial room for further improvement. This work demonstrates a new way of achieving high photonic integrated OPA performance by incorporating 2D materials.