Showing papers by "Universidad Manuela Beltrán published in 2015"

Identification and characterization of laccase-type multicopper oxidases involved in dye-decolorization by the fungus Leptosphaerulina sp.

Abstract: Fungal laccases are multicopper oxidases (MCOs) with high biotechnological potential due to their capability to oxidize a wide range of aromatic contaminants using oxygen from the air. Albeit the numerous laccase-like genes described in ascomycete fungi, ascomycete laccases have been less thoroughly studied than white-rot basidiomycetous laccases. A variety of MCO genes has recently been discovered in plant pathogenic ascomycete fungi, however little is known about the presence and function of laccases in these fungi or their potential use as biocatalysts. We aim here to identify the laccase-type oxidoreductases that might be involved in the decolorization of dyes by Leptosphaerulina sp. and to characterize them as potential biotechnological tools. A Leptosphaerulina fungal strain, isolated from lignocellulosic material in Colombia, produces laccase as the main ligninolytic oxidoreductase activity during decolorization of synthetic organic dyes. Four laccase-type MCO genes were partially amplified from the genomic DNA using degenerate primers based on laccase-specific signature sequences. The phylogenetic analysis showed the clustering of Lac1, Lac4 and Lac3 with ascomycete laccases, whereas Lac2 grouped with fungal ferroxidases (together with other hypothetical laccases). Lac3, the main laccase produced by Leptosphaerulina sp. in dye decolorizing and laccase-induced cultures (according to the shotgun analysis of both secretomes) was purified and characterized in this study. It is a sensu-stricto laccase able to decolorize synthetic organic dyes with high efficiency particularly in the presence of natural mediator compounds. The searching for laccase-type MCOs in ascomycetous families where their presence is poorly known, might provide a source of biocatalysts with potential biotechnological interest and shed light on their role in the fungus. The information provided by the use of genomic and proteomic tools must be combined with the biochemical evaluation of the enzyme to prove its catalytic activity and applicability potential.

Evidence-based practice: beliefs, attitudes, knowledge, and skills among Colombian physical therapists

Abstract: Objetivo: Describir en un grupo colombiano de fisioterapeutas las i) creencias y actitudes hacia la practica basada en la evidencia (PBE), ii) la educacion, el conocimiento y las habilidades para implementar la PBE; iii) el uso de la literatura relevante en la practica clinica; iv) el acceso y la disponibilidad de informacion cientifica; y v) la percepcion de las barreras para la inclusion de la PBE. Metodos: Se realizo un estudio transversal en 1,064 fisioterapeutas colombianos. El estudio uso el cuestionario que consta de 50-items para estimar las actitudes, creencias, conocimientos y habilidades hacia la PBE. Dicho instrumento fue adaptado y validado en Colombia por Florez-Lopez et al. Resultados: La mayoria de la poblacion participante fueron mujeres (77.2%) en edades comprendidas entre 22 y 29 anos (79.4%). El 87.7% de los encuestados eran titulados en fisioterapia. Los fisioterapeutas manifestaron tener actitudes y creencias positivas hacia la PBE. Una mayoria respondio que estaba de acuerdo o muy de acuerdo en que es necesaria la PBE (71.6%), en que la literatura es util para la practica clinica (61.3%), que la PBE mejora la calidad de la atencion a los pacientes (64.1%), y en que la evidencia ayuda en la toma de decisiones clinicas (44.5%). El 41.0% de los encuestados indicaron que la falta de habilidades de investigacion era la barrera mas importante para el uso de la evidencia cientifica en la practica clinica. Conclusiones: Los fisioterapeutas manifestaron una actitud positiva acerca la PBE y estaban interesados en aprender o mejorar las habilidades necesarias para adoptar la PBE en la practica clinica.

Asociación entre el desempeño muscular y el bienestar físico en niños y adolescentes de Bogotá, Colombia

Abstract: Objective: epidemiological and experimental evidence suggest the role of muscular strength has been increasingly recognized in the prevention of chronic disease in early life, and features of the cardiometabolic disease have also been negatively associated with muscle strength in adulthood. The aim of this study was to examine whether the association between muscular fitness and physical health status among children and adolescents from Bogota, Colombia. Methods: cross-sectional study in 921 schoolchildren aged 8-11 years from Bogota, Colombia. A muscular fitness score (MFS) was measured using handgrip strength and standing long jump and vertical jump. Each of these variables was standardized as follows: standardized value = (value = mean)/SD. The muscle fitness score was calculated as the mean of the three standardized scores. MFS was recoded into quartiles Q1 (low fitness) to Q4 (high fitness). The body mass index (BMI), skinfold thickness, waist and hip circumference, body composition by bioimpedance (BIA), blood pressure and self-declaration sexual maturation were measured such as indicators associated with future cardiovascular events. Results: the average age was 13.0 ± 2.6 years. Participants with Q4 (high fitness), show a better physical health status (BMI, blood pressure, body fat and waist circumference (BMI, blood pressure, body fat and waist circumference, p[linear X 2 ] = 0.01). Individuals with Q1 and Q3 (low fitness) had 4.06 times (95%CI 2.60 to 6.34; p = 0.043) risk of excess body fat and 1.57 times (95%CI 1.02 -1.89; p = 0.020) risk of abdominal obesity. Conclusion: our results show that muscle fitness is associated with better physical health status. The testing of muscle strength at early ages should be included in health-monitoring systems.

A lower cardiorespiratory fitness is associated to an unhealthy status among children and adolescents from Bogotá, Colombia.

Abstract: Several studies have shown that low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a significant independent risk factor for future cardiometabolic disease in adult life. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between CRF and health status in children and adolescents in Bogota, Colombia.A cross-sectional study was conducted in 921 children and adolescents aged 9-17 years living in the metropolitan area of the District of Bogota, Colombia (2,480m asl). CRF was assessed with the 20m shuttle run test (Course-Navette) according to ALPHA-FITNESS and FITNESSGRAM standards. Blood pressure, waist circumference, hip circumference, body composition (body fat percentage, fat body mass, and fat-free mass by bioimpedance), skin fold calipers, body mass index, and sexual maturity (Tanner) were used as indicators of physical health.After adjusting for sex, age, and sexual maturity, significant inverse relationships were seen between CRF and body mass index (r=-0.107), body fat percentage (r=-0.197), fat body mass (r=-0.159), skin fold (r=-0.246), and waist circumference (r=-0.169); P<.001. Schoolchildren with low CRF levels showed OR 6.06 (95% CI 3.98-9.24) increase in body fat by bioimpedance; OR 4.04 (95% CI 1.83-9.11) risk of overweight/obese by body mass index and OR 2.47 (95% CI 1.14-5.37) abdominal obesity due to increased waist circumference.Approximately two thirds of participants had a CRF level suggesting future cardiovascular disease. Early identification of children and adolescents with low CRF levels will allow for implementing interventions to prevent cardiometabolic disease in adulthood.

Una mejor auto-percepción de la condición física se relaciona con menor frecuencia y componentes de síndrome metabólico en estudiantes universitarios

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate whether more positive self-perception of physical fitness is associated with lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in university students in Bogota, Colombia Method: A total of 493 men (mean age 28.5±11.5 years old) without cardiovascular disease university students completed the self-report fitness tool, namely “The International FItness Scale” (IFIS). The overall prevalence of MetS and its components according to “International Diabetes Federation” (IDF) criteria and the “National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood, Cholesterol in Adults” (NCEP: ATP-III) were measured. Body Fat Mass (BFM), Body Fat Percentage (BF %), Fat-Free Mass (FFM) and Fat-Free Mass Index (FFMI), were estimated using segmental bioelectrical impedance equipment. Results: Twenty three percent of participants had met the criteria of MetS. Central obesity (33%) was the most prevalent factor, followed by low HDL cholesterol level (31%). The other factors associated with the presence of MetS were hypercholesterolemia (60%), high LDL cholesterol level (32%) and hypertriglyceridemia (19%). Participants reporting to have a “good/very good” in the self-reported (cardiorespiratory and muscle fitness specific components), shown a healthy range in blood pressure, FFM, FFMI and triglycerides level (p <0.05). After adjustment for age and BMI, participants reporting to have a “good/very good” had lower prevalence in the components central obesity, blood pressure, triglycerides and HDL cholesterol level than those grouped in “acceptable” and/or “very poor/poor” (p <0.05). Conclusion: Participants with a lower self-perception of physical fitness have an increased prevalence of MetS and its components. This study suggests that the self-report tool used in this study, the IFIS tool, is a useful method to be used in large scale surveys and epidemiological studies in which, because of time, equipment, or qualified personnel limitations, fitness cannot be directly measured.

Evaluación del índice de adiposidad corporal en la predicción del porcentaje de grasa en adultos de Bogotá, Colombia

Abstract: Objective: the body adiposity index (BAI) is a new simplistic method for predicting body fat percentage (BF%) via a simple equation of hip circumference to height. Up to now, few studies have evaluated the performance of BAI in determining excess fat in Colombians. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of BAI as a predictor of body fat in among Colombian adults. Methods: cross-sectional study carried out in a sample of 204 male belonging to the education sector from Bogota, Colombia. BAI was calculated based on the equation reported in the Bergman et al. %BF determined by tetrapolar bioimpedance analysis (BIA) was used as the reference measure of adiposity. Bland-Altman analysis was used to assess the agreement between the two methods: BAI and BIA. Associations between anthropometric measures of adiposity were investigated by Pearson correlation analysis. Results: in general pupulation, the BAI overestimates %BF (mean difference: 12.5 % [95%CI = -4.04 % to -21.02 %]), mainly at lower levels of adiposity (mean difference: 10.2 ± 3.3). Significant correlations were found between BAI and all measurements, being the strongest-moderate correlation with %BF (r = 0.777, p < 0.001), waist to height ratio (r = 0.557, p < 0.001) and BMI (r = 0.480, p < 0.001). Conclusion: the results of this investigation indicate that BAI results in large individual errors when predicting BF% among Colombian adults and has a tendency to provide overestimated values as BF% decreases. Therefore, this method can be a useful tool to predict %BF in Colombian adults, although it has some limitations.

Diferencias demográficas y socioeconómicas asociadas al consumo de bebidas azucaradas en niños y adolescentes colombianos

Abstract: Introduction: sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) are becoming a common component in the diets among children and adolescents, and its consumption is associated with an increased risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The aim of the present study was to describe the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages among Colombian children and adolescents and to examine whether differences by demographic and socioeconomic according to gender. Methods: we used data from the 2010 National Nutrition Survey of Colombia (ENSIN 2010) for 10 373 children and adolescents between 5 and 17 years old. SSB intake was based on intake from regular soda and/ or concentrated drinks. Demographic factors (sex, age, ethnicity, urbanicity, area and geographic region) and socioeconomic level (social class) were collected by structured questionnaire. Associations were established through a multivariate logistic regression. All analyzes were calculated by complex samples. Results: nationwide, 23% of girls and 22.4% of boys drank SSB at least once a week. Differences by demographic factors were observed for SSB consumption. In girls, factors associated with a greater odds for SSB intake (≥ 1 time/week) were aged 14 to 17 years old [OR = 1.65 (95%CI = 1.32, 2.06)], living in the central region [OR = 2.42 (95%CI = 1.81, 3.25)] and urban area [OR = 1.77 (95%CI = 1.42, 2.20)]. In boys, the multivariate logistic regression shows that adolescents aged 14 to 17 years old [OR = 1.96 (95%CI = 1.58, 2.24)], living in the national territories (South) [OR = 2.42 (95%CI = 1.77, 3.32)] and urban area [OR = 1.79 (95%CI = 1.45, 2.20)] were associated with a higher probability of SSB consumption. Social class was not associated with SSB intake.

Práctica basada en la evidencia: creencias, actitudes, conocimientos y habilidades entre fisioterapeutas colombianos

Abstract: Objective: The main purpose of this study was to describe a group of Colombian physical therapists’ beliefs and attitudes towards Evidence-Based Practice (EBP), their education, knowledge and skills for implementing EBP, the use of relevant literature in clinical practice, access to and availability of scientific information and perceived barriers to including EBP in practice. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study which involved 1,064 Colombian physical therapists. The study used a 50-item screening questionnaire EBP developed to estimate attitudes, beliefs, knowledge and skills regarding. This instrument has been adapted and was validated previously in Colombia by Florez-Lopez et al. Results: The population mostly consisted of young females (77.2%) aged 22 to 29 years old (79.4%). Most respondents had an undergraduate degree (87.7%). The physical therapists stated that they had positive attitudes and beliefs regarding EBP, most of them answering that they agreed or strongly agreed that EBP is necessary (71.6%), the relevant literature is useful for practice (61.3%), EBP improves the quality of patient care (64.1%) and evidence helps in decision-making (44.5%). Forty-one percent of the respondents indicated that a lack of research skills was the most important barrier to the use of evidence in practice. Conclusion: The physical therapists reported that they had a positive attitude to EBP and were interested in learning about or improving the skills necessary to adopt EBP in their clinical practice. Article history:

Adiposidad corporal y su relación con componentes del síndrome metabólico en adultos de bogotá, colombia

Abstract: Objective: recently, Bergman et al. have introduced a new index of adiposity, namely, body adiposity index (BAI), as a marker of obesity excess body fat in clinical practice. We aimed to determine the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and to assess the predicting ability of BAI in various atherogenic indices, MetS and its components among adult from Bogota, Colombia. Methods: cross-sectional study in 690 male. MetS components (waist circumference ≥ 90 cm; fasting plasma glucose ≥ 100 mg/dL, blood pressure ≥ 135/85 mm Hg; triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dL and HDL-c ≤ 40 mg/dL were measured. Atherogenic indices (cholesterol/HDL-c, LDL-c/HDL-c, triglycerides/HDL-c, lipid-metabolic index [LMI] and MetS score) were calculated. Results: the prevalence of obesity by BAI (cut-point > 26.1%) and MetS was 50.1% and 19.1%, respectively. Subjects with MetS and obesity by BAI, show lower HDL-c levels and more frequently components of MetS (waist circumference, cholesterol and serum triglycerides). Predicting ability of BAI with a greater odds for atherogenic indices were 1.78 (95%CI 1.25 to 2.55), 1.46 (95%CI 1.01 to 2.14), 1.97 (95% 1.29 to 3.02), 2.04 (95%CI 1.23 to 3.39) and 1.47 (95%CI 1.03 to 2.11), elevation in LDL-c, LMI, MetS score and cholesterol/ HDL-c, and triglyceride/HDL-c, respectively (p < 0.05). Conclusion: subjects with higher levels of BAI show raised prevalence of obesity and positively associated with components of MetS.

Ferritin levels in pregnant Colombian women

Abstract: Objective: Ferritin deficiency is associated with many adverse health outcomes and is highly prevalent worldwide. The present study assesses the prevalence and socio-demographic factors associated with ferritin deficiency in a representative sample of pregnant women in Colombia. Methods: We used data from the cross-sectional, nationally representative survey National Nutritional Survey (ENSIN, 2010). A total of 1,386, (13-49 years old) pregnant women were enrolled. Serum ferritin a concentration was determined by chemiluminescence and sociodemographic date (age, urbanicity geographic region, ethnicity and socioeconomic level-SISBEN), was assessed by computer-assisted personal interview technology. Multivariate analyses using unordered binomial logistic regression models were conducted in the main analysis. Results: The overall prevalence of ferritin deficiency (serum <12µg/L) was 37.2% (95% CI 35.0% to 39.2%). The multivariate logistic regression no shows associated with a probability of serum ferritin deficiencies. Conclusion: A significant prevalence of ferritin deficiency was found in our study population without an association with the studied sociodemographic factors.

“It’s all discursive!” Crossing boundaries and crossing words with Rom Harré

Abstract: Rom Harre is one of the most important figures in academia of recent decades. Born in New Zealand he developed most of his career in Oxford. Influenced by authors such as John Austin, Ludwig Wittgenstein and Lev Vygotsky, Harre has produced his own and innovative approach to humanities and social sciences topics. His writings on philosophy of science have been focused on destabilizing the central doctrines of logical empiricism and positivism. However, his work has been not only influential in philosophy but also in other fields. This paper introduces his main contributions to psychology in general and social psychology in particular. It presents an interview with Rom Harre which outlines an approach to the author and his contributions to the social psychology crisis. Some key concepts in social sciences and in Rom's own work are also addressed, and research lines he advises to follow in the next decade are examined. The interview depicts Rom Harre as a scholar who crosses the boundaries between different disciplines and places.

Modelling critical factors affecting the distribution of the vulnerable endemic Eastern Iberian barbel (Luciobarbus guiraonis) in Mediterranean rivers

Abstract: Luciobarbus guiraonis (Eastern Iberian barbel) is an endemic fish species restricted to Spain, mainly distributed in the Jucar River Basin District. Its study is important because there is little knowledge about its biology and ecology. To improve the knowledge about the species distribution and habitat requirements, nonlinear modelling was carried out to predict the presence/absence and density of the Eastern Iberian barbel, based on 155 sampling sites distributed throughout the Jucar River Basin District (Eastern Iberian Peninsula). We used multilayer feed-forward artificial neural networks (ANN) to represent nonlinear relationships between L. guiraonis descriptors and variables regarding the physical habitat and biological components (macroinvertebrates, fish, riparian forest). The gradient descent algorithm was implemented to find the optimal model parameters; the importance of the ANN’s input variables was determined by the partial derivatives method. The predictive power of the model was evaluated with the Cohen’s kappa ( k ), the correctly classified instances (CCI), and the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) plots. The best model predicted presence/absence with a high performance ( k = 0.66, CCI= 87% and AUC= 0.85); the prediction of density was moderate (CCI = 62%, AUC=0.71 and k = 0.43). The fundamental variables describing the presence/absence were; solar radiation (the highest contribution was observed between 2000 and 4200 WH/m 2 ), drainage area (with the strongest influence between 3000 and 5.000 km 2 ), and the proportion of exotic fish species (with relevant contribution between 50 and 100%). In the density model, the most important variables were the coefficient of variation of mean annual flows (relative importance of 50.5%) and the proportion of exotic fish species (24.4%). The models provide important information about the relation of L. guiraonis with biotic and abiotic variables, this new knowledge can help develop future studies and management plans for the conservation of this species in the Jucar River Basin District and, potentially, for the conservation of other endemic fish species of Barbus and Luciobarbus in Mediterranean rivers.

Entrenamiento funcional del core: eje del entrenamiento inteligente

Abstract: Antecedentes: La evolucion del entrenamiento fisico busca la optimizacion de la salud y el bienestar, como piedra angular de todo programa de ejercicio. El Entrenamiento Funcional (EF) es recomendable para optimizar el control postural del core , mejorando el balance y la ejecucion de actividades de la vida diaria. Objetivo: Revisar la definicion, elementos constitutivos, caracteristicas e implicaciones del EF del core en el movimiento corporal humano (MCH) y la salud desde la perspectiva del fisioterapeuta. Metodologia: Se incluyeron articulos en ingles y espanol de las bases Pubmed, Scielo y Ebsco; adicionalmente se incluyeron fuentes electronicas e impresas y libros. Resultados: 56 documentos cumplieron los criterios de inclusion. La definicion mas adoptada de EF fue entrenar con un proposito buscando obtener un efecto positivo en la aptitud fisica. Las implicaciones del EF en el MCH, se relacionan con la ganancia y mejoria de la estabilidad. La propuesta de EF enfocada a las actividades de la vida diaria incluye fases que permiten adquirir la estabilidad hasta lograr el desarrollo de movimiento que demanden mas agilidad. En la planificacion del EF se deben estructurar los procesos a ejecutar considerando el criterio de funcionalidad. Para organizar la sesion del EF, el fisioterapeuta cuenta con tres maneras de planificar la sesion: globales, por hemisferios y por grupos musculares. Conclusion: La fundamentacion teorica sobre el EF permite al fisioterapeuta comprender y determinar como esta modalidad de intervencion repercute de manera positiva sobre el desempeno funcional y calidad de vida de los sujetos.

Phenomenology of the new physics coming from 2HDMs to the neutrino magnetic dipole moment

Abstract: In several frameworks for leptons-sectors of two Higgs doublet models, we calculate the magnetic dipole moment for the different flavor types of neutrino. Computations are carried out by assuming a normal hierarchy for neutrino masses, and analyzing the process $ u \rightarrow u \gamma $ with a charged Higgs boson into the loop. The analysis was performed by sweeping the charged Higgs mass and taking into account the experimental constraints for relevant parameters in Two Higgs Doublet Models with and without flavor changing neutral currents; obtaining magnetic dipole moments close to the experimental thresholds for tau neutrinos in type II and Lepton-specific cases. In the neutrino-specific scenario, the contribution of new physics could be sizeable to the current measurement for flavor magnetic dipole moment. This fact leads to excluding possible zones in the parameter space of charged Higgs mass and vacuum expectation value of the second doublet.

Criterios e indicadores de sostenibilidad en el subsector vial

Abstract: Currently in Colombia, the work contractor's performance is determined regarding the advances and outcomes obtained during construction, instead of his environmental performance. However, any civil work can be carried out with more or less complexity, depending on the availability of in-site natural resources and the community's viewpoint on the project, so that the economic investment and the execution time will not only depend on the activities and net costs, but also social and environmental factors specific to the place. With this bibliographical review on indicators and international environmental guidelines, it is expected to promote sustainability as the transversal axis of road projects in Colombia, strengthen the measures of social and environmental management, and improve the tracking and assessment of road projects within the frame of social, environmental and economic equilibrium that pushes sustainable development forward.

Diferencias en la actividad física y la condición física entre los escolares de secundaria de dos programas curriculares oficiales de bogotá, colombia

Abstract: During the past five decades there has been an increased in the prevalence of obesity and over weight, also in physical inactivity and /or low cardiorespiratory fitness within the population in school age from diverse regions of the planet, including Bogota-Colombia. The general objective of this study was to compare the physical condition and the levels of physical activity from students who belonged to two curriculum programs of the Public Schools Network from Bogota, one of which includes two sessions per week, each session of 90 minutes of physical activity. We developed a research of unlike cross-sectional groups. There were 178 children evaluated from the regular curriculum and 170 kids belonging to the program 40 x 40. The physical condition was evaluated applying the protocol of high priority from the ALPHA -Fitness test Battery. The weight, height, body mass index, the waist circumference, the standing long jump, the handgrip in both hands and the motor fitness 20 meter shuttle run test were developed under standardized conditions. The Global School Health Survey (GSHS) was used to evaluate the levels of AF. No significant statistical differences were founded between P-40x40 and the regular curriculum regarding: weight, height, the body mass index, the waist circumference, the handgrip in both hands and the explosive strength in lower limbs. Nevertheless the cardiorespiratory fitness was significantly lower within de P-40x40. In conclusion the participation in the curricular program 40 x 40 was not associated with better levels of physical condition.

Factores de riesgo psicosocial y síndrome de burnout en trabajadores de una empresa dedicada a la recreación y el entretenimiento educativo infantil en Bogotá D.C.

Abstract: RESUMEN Introduccion: Las demandas actuales de trabajo, las extensas jornadas laborales y la presion social, entre otras, pueden generar en el trabajador efectos negativos como depresion, ansiedad, problemas de sueno, estres, y por ende poca motivacion, inconformismo e inestabilidad laboral. Objetivo: Caracterizar los factores de Riesgo Psicosocial, y el Sindrome de Desgaste Ocupacional en trabajadores de una empresa de recreacion y entretenimiento educativo infantil. Metodologia: Estudio cuali-cuantiativo. Se aplico a una muestra de 72 trabajadores la ficha de datos socio-demograficos, los cuestionarios para la evaluacion de factores de riesgo intralaboral y extralaboral disenados y validados para Colombia por el Ministerio de Trabajo y el Cuestionario de evaluacion del Sindrome del Quemarse por el trabajo (CESQT) de Gil Monte. Se elaboraron distribuciones de frecuencia en los distintos factores y cruces de variables a traves del software Epi-Info. Resultados: Los resultados revelaron que el 56% de los encuestados perciben un nivel de riesgo Intralaboral alto y muy alto. A nivel extralaboral, el 71% de los trabajadores se ubica en riesgo alto y muy alto; el 72% identifica el Desplazamiento vivienda–trabajo–vivienda en niveles de riesgo alto y muy alto. En el total de la prueba CESQT, 16 personas, se encuentran en nivel de riesgo Alto y Critico. Conclusion: El cruce de variables mostro los niveles de riesgo psicosocial intralaboral como extralaboral altos y muy altos se encuentran correlacionados con niveles altos y criticos de la escala de culpa del CESQT en el 33% y el 29% de los encuestados respectivamente. Palabras clave: Factores de riesgo psicosocial, Sindrome de Burnout, desgaste ocupacional, sector de servicios, recreacion infantil ABSTRACT Introduction: Current work demands, long working hours, social pressure, among others, can cause negative effectson workers such depression, anxiety, sleep problems, stress, little motivation and job instability. Objective: Tocharacterize psychosocial risk factors and Burnout syndrome among employees of a recreation and entertainment organization for children in Bogota D.C. Methodology: Semicuantiative study. The Socio-demographic Profile Data Questionnaire for Assessing Non-occupational Factors and Working Risk designed and validated for Colombia by Colombian Ministry of Labour and the Gil Monte Assessment Questionnaire of Working Burnout Syndrome (CESQT) were applied to 72 workers. Frequency distributions were proposed for different factors and variables were analyzed with Epi-Info. Results: 56% of respondents perceived very high and high level of risks at work. Related to non-occupational level, 71% of workers reported very high and high risk; 72% identified home-work environment as the one with highest risk and displacement. According to CESQT total score, 16 interviewed workers are in high and critical risk. Conclusion: Bivariated analysis showed high psychosocial working risk and a very high one outside work, which are correlated with critical and high levels in the guilty scale (CESQT est) in 33% and 29% of respondents respectively.

Barreras de acceso a la cobertura de riesgos laborales en contratos de prestación de servicios en el sector público de salud en Bogotá

Abstract: Objective To identify access barriers to the General System for Occupational Risks (SGRL in Spanish) in a group of independent professionals (contracted with service provision contraction) in the public health sector in Bogota. Methodology Qualitative research (narrative) through interviews of four independent professionals of the Secretaria Distrital de Salud (District Health Secretariat), 4 independent professionals of Tunjuelito Hospital and 3 experts in the field of occupational risks. The content analysis paradigm was used for information analysis. Results The two institutions of the public health sector in Bogota consulted have implemented strategies that facilitate the access to the SGRL for independent professionals. However, the interviewed workers and experts identified some access barriers membership for independent workers in this occupational risk system; among these barriers are the lack of a culture of occupation risk prevention, lack of knowledge about laws and the utility of the system as well as the non-conception of the SGRL as a fundamental part of the social security system of the country. Conclusion It is necessary for the SGRL to be recognized as an integral and fundamental part of the country's social security. This depends on a cultural construction of the importance of an occupational risk system among the state organizations, employers and employees.

Características antropométricas y funcionales de corredores colombianos de élite de larga distancia

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the anthropometric and physical performance characteristics of elite long-distance runners. Methods: A cross-sectional study in 19 male competitive long-distance runners of national level (age 28.2 ± 6.9 years). A total of 24 anthropometric variables were measured according to the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK) statements. The Heath-Carter method and the formula proposed by Siri, Matiegka, Jackson and Pollock were used to calculate the somatotype and the body composition, respectively. Ergospirometry VO (2) max, Vertical Jump Test and the Wingate Test were used as functional indicators. Results: Regarding body composition, we found fat mass percentage 13.3 ± 3.2; muscle mass 47.3 ± 2.5%, and body adiposity index 24.1 ± 3.3. Somatotype profile was the mesomorphic-balanced (3.6-4.0-2.1). Mean values of functional tests with their standard deviations were: VO(2) max (mL•kg- 1•min-1) 42.6 ± 8.1; anaerobic power 106.0 ± 31.8 kg•s-1, and anaerobic capacity 6501.0 ± 1831.6 K/jul. Conclusion: These results may provide a profile of long-distance runners that can be used as training targets for developing athletes. The results may also provide information for training and tactical emphasis.

Crisis en la legitimidad del Estado, del derecho y de la democracia liberal

Abstract: This article identifies the elements and components of the crisis that affects the legitimacy of the state, the law and liberal democracy. In this regard, several paradigms are described that have demonstrated their inability to meet the legitimacy demands of contemporary society. These paradigms have been shown to be inadequate mechanisms for regulating the democratic systems and basic functions of the liberal state of law. Thus, these paradigms have become ineffective, illegitimate and often unfair. The article describes the legal and political processes that lead to a crisis of law as a result of a crisis of the rationality of law under objective conditions. These processes are characterized by the failure of the old form of rationality at meeting the needs of modern society or the lack of faith in society’s ability to resolve conflicts.

Modelo de evaluación educomunicativa en la educación virtual

Abstract: Este articulo presenta el Modelo de Evaluacion disenado para la Unidad de Educacion Virtual de la Universidad Manuela Beltran (Colombia) desde una concepcion educomunicativa. Se ofrecen nuevas reglas, personas y ambientes en el ejercicio de la evaluacion de los estudiantes como proceso interactivo, que no se encuentra sujeto a restricciones de tiempo y espacio, pero si requiere herramientas de comunicacion horizontal. Este trabajo es el resultado de un proyecto de investigacion desarrollado como estudio de caso desde la revision documental, observacion y el analisis de percepcion. En este modelo se reconoce la evaluacion como un asunto transversal al proceso educomunicativo.

Evaluación del aprendizaje en educación física: relación entre las prácticas evaluativas de los docentes y enfoques de aprendizaje

Abstract: This article shows the result of an investigation that studied teachers’ assessment practices in Physical Education in public schools from Suba in Bogota and the relationship between these practices with both superfluous and superficial learning approaches. It is organized into two sections; the first presents a classification of the evaluation practices, and the second establishes the relationship between these practices with the superficial and profound learning approaches. This article nourishes itself from a mixed-method research approach wherein the sample consisted of 68 teachers from whom data was collected using a survey. This data was then analyzed using the statistical software R. The results show the object, the purpose, procedures and ways in which teachers develop their assessment practice in physical education, and as well show a trend towards promoting meaningful and profound learning.

Estrategia didáctica para la formación en investigación en la educación virtual: Experiencia en la Universidad Manuela Beltrán

Abstract: Rev.esc.adm.neg This paper describes the problem detected in virtual education research formation at Universidad Manuela Beltran. In this way, the design of a pedagogic strategy was made based on technological resources, also the design of tasks which contextualize students and the search of a learning style focusing on collaborative work. Such strategy aims at having a successful development of a graduation project for students of undergraduate and postgraduate virtual programs. As a result of the implementation of this strategy, students have shown: more use of databases for the search of specialized information, writing of academic papers based on APA norms and an ethical management of information, identification and the design of methodological routes , as well as the proposal of new research projects.