University of Alicante

About: University of Alicante is a education organization based out in Alicante, Spain. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Population. The organization has 8681 authors who have published 22690 publications receiving 476064 citations. The organization is also known as: Universitat d'Alacant & Universidad de Alicante.

Asymmetric Intramolecular Carbocyanation of Alkenes by C-C Bond Activation

Abstract: Versatility: Ni(0) and Pd(0) complexes act as catalysts in the intramolecular aryl- and acylcyanation reactions, respectively, of alkenes (see scheme). These reactions not only proceed with high yield and selectivity, they also tolerate a wide range of functional groups and can furnish valuable heterocycles such as oxindoles, which are precursors for a myriad of natural and/or biologically active products.

Effects of no-take area size and age of marine protected areas on fisheries yields: a meta-analytical approach

Abstract: Marine protected areas (MPAs) are often promoted as tools for biodiversity conservation as well as for fisheries management. Despite increasing evidence of their usefulness, questions remain regarding the optimal design of MPAs, in particular concerning their function as fisheries management tools, for which empirical studies are still lacking. Using 28 data sets from seven MPAs in Southern Europe, we developed a meta-analytical approach to investigate the effects of protection on adjacent fisheries and asking how these effects are influenced by MPA size and age. Southern European MPAs showed clear effects on the surrounding fisheries, on the ‘catch per unit effort’ (CPUE) of target species, but especially on the CPUE of the marketable catch. These effects depended on the time of protection and on the size of the no-take area. CPUE of both target species and the marketable catch increased gradually by 2‐4% per year over a long time period (at least 30 years). The influence of the size of the no-take area appeared to be more complex. The catch rates of the entire fishery in and around the MPA were higher when the no-take areas were smaller. Conversely, catch rates of selected fisheries that were expected to benefit most from protection increased when the no-take area was larger. Our results emphasize the importance of MPA size on its export functions and suggest that an adequate, often extended, time frame be used for the management and the evaluation of effectiveness of MPAs.

C(sp2)-C(sp) and C(sp)-C(sp) Coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Oxime-Derived Palladacycles

Abstract: Oxime-derived chloro-bridged palladacycle 8a, derived from 4,4′-dichlorobenzophenone, is an efficient pre-catalyst for the copper- and amine-free Sonogashira coupling between terminal acetylenes and aryl iodides and aryl and vinyl bromides achieving turnover numbers (TON) of up to 72000. Catalyst 8a has also been shown as a effective promoter for the sila-Sonogashira coupling between 1-(trimethylsilyl)alkynes and aryl iodides and bromides in the presence of CuI or Bu4NBr as co-catalysts. This complex also catalyzes efficiently the homocoupling reaction (Glaser-type coupling) between 1-alkynes in NMP at room temperature with TONs of up to 1000. All the reactions can be performed under air and employing reagent-grade chemicals under very low loading conditions, which demonstrates the versatility and high activity of oxime-derived palladacycles.