Showing papers by "University of Grenoble published in 1994"
TL;DR: The data suggest that recognition occurs at both coarse and fine spatial scales, and that attending first to the coarse scale can get a quick and rough estimate of the input to activate scene schemas in memory.
Abstract: In very fast recognition tasks, scenes are identified as fast as isolated objects How can this efficiency be achieved, considering the large number of component objects and interfering factors, such as cast shadows and occlusions? Scene categories tend to have distinct and typical spatial organizations of their major components If human perceptual structures were tuned to extract this information early in processing, a coarse-to-fine process could account for efficient scene recognition A coarse description of the input scene (oriented “blobs” in a particular spatial organization) would initiate recognition before the identity of the objects is processed We report two experiments that contrast the respective roles of coarse and fine information in fast identification of natural scenes The first experiment investigated whether coarse and fine information were used at different stages of processing The second experiment tested whether coarse-to-fine processing accounts for fast scene categorization The data...
708 citations
TL;DR: By embedding a class of closed Riemannian manifolds (satisfying some curvature assumptions and with diameter bounded from above) into the same Hilbert space, the authors interpreted certain estimates on the heat kernel as giving a precompactness theorem on the class considered.
Abstract: By embedding a class of closed Riemannian manifolds (satisfying some curvature assumptions and with diameter bounded from above) into the same Hilbert space, we interpret certain estimates on the heat kernel as giving a precompactness theorem on the class considered.
276 citations
01 Nov 1994
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that selenate oxyanions always form inner-sphere surface complexes on both sorbents regardless of the hydration state of the oxides.
Abstract: EXAFS spectroscopy has been used to investigate the structure of selenate surface complexes sorbed on dry and wet goethite and hydrous ferric oxide. It is shown that selenate oxyanions always form inner-sphere surface complexes on both sorbents regardless of the hydration state. Selenate, like phosphate and selenite, forms binuclear bridging complexes on (hk0) planes with two singly coordinated A-type OH groups. Furthermore evidence is provided for the attachment of selenate oxyanions on (001) planes by the sharing of edges with Fe octahedra. Selenite and arsenate appear to form the same types of surface complexes as selenate at the surface of goethite and hydrous ferric oxide. It is likely that this sorption mechanism is operative for other anions including phosphate and sulfate. A consequence of this study is the conclusion that the crystallographic planes of Fe oxides (hk0 and 001) do not appear to selectivity bond either cations or anions, at least at high surface coverage.
265 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a geodynamic evolution of the South China Sea by subduction of the Izanagi plate beneath an east Asian Andean-type continental margin until middle Cretaceous, collision with the West Philippines Block around the early-late Cretagian boundary, post-collisional crustal extension and onset of rifting during the late Cretaged, prior to the India-Asia indentation process.
227 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that there is a fundamental instability in the asymptotic variance of wavelet estimators caused by the lack of translation invariance of the wavelet transform.
Abstract: The theory of wavelets is a developing branch of mathematics with a wide range of potential applications. Compactly supported wavelets are particularly interesting because of their natural ability to represent data with intrinsically local properties. They are useful for the detection of edges and singularities in image and sound analysis and for data compression. But most of the wavelet-based procedures currently available do not explicitly account for the presence of noise in the data. A discussion of how this can be done in the setting of some simple nonparametric curve estimation problems is given. Wavelet analogies of some familiar kernel and orthogonal series estimators are introduced, and their finite sample and asymptotic properties are studied. We discover that there is a fundamental instability in the asymptotic variance of wavelet estimators caused by the lack of translation invariance of the wavelet transform. This is related to the properties of certain lacunary sequences. The practi...
196 citations
TL;DR: It is now time to evaluate in humans the beneficial effect of antioxidants, and the more promising candidates for presenting synergistic effects when associated with N-acetyl cysteine seem to be beta-carotene, selenium and zinc.
185 citations
128 citations
TL;DR: Rectangular single crystals of amylose complexed with n-butanol or n-pentanol were prepared by adding these precipitants to metastable aqueous solutions ofAmylose and confirmed that they have an orthorhombic P2( 1)2(1)2 (1) 2(1), which resulted in an expansion of their a and b cell parameters while c remained constant at 0.8 nm.
120 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that in several Co(II and Ni(II) sorption studies performed on silicates and silica at low temperature (25°C), surface clusters of the sorbate metal possess a clay-like local structure therefore pointing to the precipitation of a new hydrous silicate.
101 citations
TL;DR: The results support the suggestion that 47,XXY cells are able to go through meiosis and to form spermatozoa and that a preferential pairing of homologous sex chromosomes in 47, XXY spermatocytes is possible.
Abstract: Human sperm chromosomes from a 46,XY/ 47,XXY male were obtained using the technique of in vitro penetration of zona-free hamster eggs. The analysis of 543 sperm complements shows a significantly increased incidence (0.9%) of hyperhaploid gonosomal 24,XY sets, with a lack of the expected corresponding gonosomal hypohaploidies, and a normal rate of autosomal non-disjunctions. These results support the suggestion that 47,XXY cells are able to go through meiosis and to form spermatozoa. Only 24,XY sperm chromosomal constitutions were observed suggesting a preferential pairing of homologous sex chromosomes in 47,XXY spermatocytes.
90 citations
TL;DR: The ability of PBMNC to elaborate IL-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and IL-2, as well as solubleIL-2 receptors, in response to phytohemagglutinin was significantly reduced compared with their respective levels at the beginning of the phase.
Abstract: The immune response requires the coordinated release of a network of cytokines including interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and IL-2. The potential role of the dialysis membrane on the elaboration of these cytokines by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) harvested from hemodialysis patients was investigated in a prospective crossover study. Eight hemodialysis patients, chronically dialyzed with a biocompatible membrane, were sequentially dialyzed for 2 wk with new cuprophane membranes (Phase I), 2 wk with a low-flux, low-complement-activating membrane (Phase II), and then switched back for a further 2 wk of dialysis with a cuprophane membrane (Phase III). At the end of 2 wk of exposure to the cuprophane membrane, during both Phase I and Phase III, the ability of PBMNC to elaborate IL-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and IL-2, as well as soluble IL-2 receptors, in response to phytohemagglutinin was significantly reduced compared with their respective levels at the beginning of the phase; dialysis with a biocompatible membrane increased these levels, and at the end of 2 wk, the response of the PBMNC to phytohemagglutinin was close to that in normal controls. These findings may explain some of the conflicting results in the measurement of cytokine levels in hemodialysis patients and may have clinical implications.
01 Jun 1994
TL;DR: In this paper, a processus de validation d'une echelle ayant deux dimensions appelees innovativite hedoniste et innovativoite sociale is presented.
Abstract: Cet article propose de considerer que l'innovativite, ou tendance a acheter les produits nouveaux, est l'expression de deux besoins: le besoin de stimulation et le besoin d'unicite. Il presente donc le processus de validation d'une echelle ayant deux dimensions appelees innovativite hedoniste et innovativite sociale. Les resultats obtenus confirment largement les hypotheses de depart.
TL;DR: Together therapy was most effective in patients whose baseline performance on memory tests was lowest, and the best results were observed with 4.8 g of piracetam, especially when training sessions began after 6 weeks of drug treatment.
Abstract: A double-blind randomized trial was performed involving 162 patients with age-associated memory impairment (AAMI) selected and followed by their general practitioners. Two intervention methods--a drug and a cognitive therapy--were assessed in combination. Three randomized parallel groups of 54 patients each, aged 55 years and over, were followed and treated for 3 months. After a placebo wash-out period of 10 days, one group received 2.4 g of piracetam, another group, 4.8g, and the third, a placebo. A total of 135 patients, 45 in each group, completed the study. Combined therapy was most effective in patients whose baseline performance on memory tests was lowest. The best results were observed with 4.8 g of piracetam, especially when training sessions began after 6 weeks of drug treatment. This result was confirmed by the global impression of the principal investigator.
TL;DR: In this paper, the frozen-hydrated/cryo-transmission electron microscopy technique has been used to observe polysaccharide aggregates in vitreous ice.
TL;DR: Intracranial IPT of the plasma-cell-granuloma (PCG) type should not be confused with other diseases such as meningioma, lymphoproliferative disorders, or histiocytosis X.
TL;DR: The authors conclude that the diagnosis of horseshoe lung may be strongly suspected on standard chest radiographs and confirmed by thoracic CT scan and that the prognosis of scimitar syndrome does not seem to be worse when associated with horseshoes lung.
Abstract: Six cases of horseshoe lung have been found in a group of 147 scimitar syndrome cases collected in a cooperative multicenter study. These cases were associated either with the severe infantile or with the benign adult form of the scimitar syndrome. The aim of this paper is to describe the clinical and imaging signs as well as the prognosis of 6 new cases of horseshoe lung in association with scimitar syndrome. The authors conclude (1) that the diagnosis of horseshoe lung may be strongly suspected on standard chest radiographs and confirmed by thoracic CT scan; (2) that the prognosis of scimitar syndrome does not seem to be worse when associated with horseshoe lung. Pediatr Pulmonol. 1994; 17:124–130. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
TL;DR: In this article, the decays into hadrons and charged leptons have been analysed to give values for the cross sections and leptonic forward-backward asymmetries which are significantly improved with respect to those previously published by the DELPHI collaboration.
TL;DR: In this article, the DELPHI experiment was used to reconstruct J/psi mesons from their decay to mu(+)mu(-) and e(+)e(-), using the data collected by the Delphi experiment during 1991 and 1992.
15 Jan 1994-Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment
TL;DR: The Forward Ring Imaging Cherenkov detector of the DELPHI experiment at LEP provides hadron identification at polar angles 15° < θ < 35° and 145° < ǫ < 165°.
Abstract: The Forward Ring Imaging Cherenkov detector of the DELPHI experiment at LEP provides hadron identification at polar angles15° < θ < 35° and 145° < θ < 165°. Two radiator media, a layer of liquid C6F14 and a volume of gaseous C4F10, in combination provide coverage of momenta up to 40 GeV/c. A single array of photosensitive Time Projection Chambers registers the impact points of ultraviolet photons from both radiators. The design of the detector and of its readout system is described. First results obtained with a partly installed detector are reported.
TL;DR: The presence of an inter-laboratory variation suggests that the quality of the EMG examination may be improved by focussing on the use of techniques, strategies and diagnostic criteria.
CERN1, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens2, DSM3, Collège de France4, University of Grenoble5, University of Paris6, University of Mons7, Uppsala University8, University of Genoa9, Niels Bohr Institute10, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro11, National Technical University12, University of Wuppertal13, Jožef Stefan Institute14
01 Apr 1994-Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment
TL;DR: In this article, the DELPHI ring imaging Cherenkov detector system was designed to do particle identification over most of the solid angle in the momentum range from ∼2 GeV c to ∼40 sol GeVc.
Abstract: The ring imaging Cherenkov detector system in the DELPHI experiment at the Large Electron-Positron storage ring at CERN, is designed to do particle identification over most of the solid angle in the momentum range from ∼2 GeV c to ∼40 sol GeV c . Two radiator media are used to cover the momentum range; (i) a 1 cm layer of liquid C6F14, and (ii) a volume filled with gaseous C5F12 or C4F10. Photosensitive time projection chambers record the conversion points of the ultraviolet photons produced in both radiator systems. The total active area is ∼30 m2 in the barrel region and ∼8 m2 in the two endcaps. The design of the detector systems is described in this paper. We will also report performance figures and compare them to simulation studies.
TL;DR: In this paper, the β Pictoris Ca II K line was observed with the new Ultra-High-Resolution facility (UHRF) at the Anglo-Australian Telescope for three nights in 1993 (May 11, August 26 and August 29).
Abstract: We present observations of the β Pictoris circumstellar Ca II K line, obtained with the new Ultra-High-Resolution facility (UHRF) at the Anglo-Australian Telescope. The resolving power was R≳900000, and these data therefore comprise the highest resolution observations yet obtained of this object. Observations were obtained on three nights in 1993 (May 11, August 26 and August 29), and significant temporal variability was observed, including previously unobserved changes in the profile of the main circumstellar component.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors characterize the derivation corresponding to a Z-degree on the structure sheaf of a supermanifold and show that any connection on a supermansifold gives rise to a splitting.
Abstract: Any connection on a supermanifold gives rise to a splitting, i.e. a Z -degree on the structure sheaf. We characterize the derivation corresponding to this Z -degree.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a biography of Maurice Couette, whose name is associated with a type of flow, of viscometer, and with a correction method for end effects in capillary flows.
Abstract: This article presents a biography of Maurice Couette, whose name is associated with a type of flow, of viscometer, and with a correction method for end effects in capillary flows. His life and work are described, with special mention being made of the cylinder apparatus that he designed. The relevance of his work to present day rheology is stressed.
TL;DR: In this paper, the oriented growth of V amylose n-butanol crystals on cellulose was obtained by seeding solutions of amyloses with cellulose microfibrils or microcrystals.
TL;DR: In this article, the inner regions of the circumstellar disk around the star β Pictoris were observed using an anti-blooming CCD and the structure of the disk was revealed down to 2 arcsec from the star.
Abstract: The inner regions of the circumstellar disk around β Pictoris might be dust-free due to a possible planet which may have cleared up dust particles. We present a new observational technique based on the use of an anti-blooming CCD in order to directly image this zone. The structure of the disk is revealed down to 2 arcsec from the star (30 AU). We show that the β Pic disk brightness is neutral in V, R, and I c , but drops down when going inward in B, possibly related to a change in the dust composition. Also, a slight disk asymmetry is present but inverted from the outer to the inner zones.
TL;DR: The β-iodoethoxyl group has been found to be a suitable moiety for iodine radiolabelling for radiochemical stability and in vivo distribution in mice evaluated.
TL;DR: The objective is to examine how coupled activity of groups of neurons can explain this parallelism of concept activation in the brain.
Abstract: When we analyze a particular stimulus, a number of neurons in the brain are specifically activated. The recognition of a visual pattern can be interpreted as the activation of a particular group of such neurons, in a particular way. Some recent results [5] have shown that a group of neurons may respond to a stimulus with a coupled activity. This notion of coupled neural activity can be used to understand the multiple levels of parallelism in the brain. It is known that, in response to a single stimulus, many mental representations are activated in parallel [1]. Our objective is to examine how coupled activity of groups of neurons can explain this parallelism of concept activation in the brain. The neural activity of a single neuron or groups of neurons is simulated. Simple neural networks combining groups of neurons could also be used to simulate the synchronization of neural activities.
TL;DR: In this article, two-particle correlations in invariant mass are studied separately for like-sign and unlike-sign pions, and good agreement is obtained with the mass correlations, both for the unlike sign and for the like sign pairs if the production of the η′ and ρ0 mesons is reduced and Bose-Einstein correlations are included in the model.
Abstract: Two-particle correlations in invariant mass are studied separately for like-sign and unlike-sign pions. Strong correlations are observed only at small masses. The correlations decrease very rapidly for like-sign pions and slowly for unlike-sign pions, manifesting different particle dynamics. The like-sign correlations exhibit a power-law behaviour as a function of mass, compatible with the previously observed intermittency effect. The predictions of the parton shower model (JETSET 7.3) deviate significantly from the data. However, good agreement is obtained with the mass correlations, both for the unlike-sign and for the like-sign pairs if the production of the η′ and ρ0 mesons is reduced and Bose-Einstein correlations are included in the model. The value of the Bose-Einstein correlation strength is consistent with unity for pions which are produced directly or in the decays of short-lived resonances.