Showing papers by "University of Kiel published in 1980"
TL;DR: The resulting cortical map of the guinea pig differes from that of Rose (1912), but it corresponds to the results of Friede (1960) and is in agreement with neurophysiological studies.
Abstract: The cerebral cortex of the guinea pig has been examined by means of a quantitative cytoarchitectonic method (Schleicher et al. 1978; Zilles et al. 1978a). In this method, a computer-controlled automatic image analyzer determines the grey level index of microscopic fields measuring 50x50 μm in Nissl-stained sections by a systematic scanning procedure. Computer plots of serially sectioned histological slides from three hemispheres were produced by printing selected ranges of grey level indices. The delineation of cortical areas was worked out in these plots based on quantitative criteria. Cortical maps of the areal pattern were reconstructed graphically. The resulting cortical map of the guinea pig differes from that of Rose (1912), but it corresponds to the results of Friede (1960) and is in agreement with neurophysiological studies. In general, the areal pattern of the guinea pig is similar to that of the rat (Zilles et al. 1980), but there are also some differences. These differences are discussed with respect to functional considerations.
296 citations
TL;DR: Since 1977, laparoscopic surgery has been extended to the following procedures: myomectomy (subserous), adnexectomy, ovarian cyst resection, removal of a cystoma, and tubectomy in cases of tubal pregnancy.
191 citations
TL;DR: Seasonal occurrence, individual growth and development of population biomass of the scyphomedusa Aurelia aurita were studied in 1978–1979 in the western Baltic Sea.
Abstract: Seasonal occurrence, individual growth and development of population biomass of the scyphomedusa Aurelia aurita were studied in 1978–1979 in the western Baltic Sea. First ephyrae of the developing population appear in November, but the great majority are produced in April and May. On the average 0.09 medusae m-3 with a biomass of 25 g occur between July and September. The standing stock is below 10 mg from December to April. Growth is characterized by a stagnation period in winter and early spring, by rapid increase in early summer and by size reduction in autumn after release of gonadal products. The maximum monthly growth rate was observed in June, when the average diameter increased from 7 to 48 mm and the wet weight from 0.06 to 22.8 g. Mortality is low before maturation. Genetical determination, starvation and parasitization are discussed as causes for morphological reductions and finally for death in autumn.
176 citations
TL;DR: In this article, large-diameter sediment cores taken off the NW African continental slope have been examined for their bioturbation structures, which were found to be particularly useful for environmental analysis, because they are widely distributed and numerous in Quaternary sediments, easily identifiable due to the characteristic structures in vertical and horizontal core sections, and extraordinarily well preserved.
168 citations
TL;DR: The findings suggest that the L428 and L439 cell lines are indeed derived from H‐ and Sr‐cells and offer the possibility of gaining new information upon the nature of Hodgkin's disease.
Abstract: Two in vitro cell lines (L428, L439) were established from pleural effusions of two patients with Hodgkin's disease. The histological diagnosis was ascertained in both cases by two independent pathologists. The neoplastic nature of the culture cells is indicated by the demonstration of several structural and numerical chromosome abnormalities associated with a monoclonal pattern of marker chromosomes. Heterotransplantation in nude mice was achieved by intracranial inoculation and by subcutaneous transplantation of cultured cells embedded in a plasma clot. EBV-specific antigens (EBNA, VCA) were not detectable in either cell line. la-like antigens, receptors for T cells, acid phosphatase and acid esterase were shown to be present in the cultured cells. The L428 and L439 cell line lacked surface- or cytoplasmic 1g, HTLA, receptors for C3b, C3d, 1gG-Fc, mouse E or sheep E, and were devoid of lysozyme, peroxidase and chloracetate esterase. These features do not correspond to those of B cells, T cells, myeloid cells, monocytes or macrophages; the morphology and the marker pattern of the culture cells, however, is identical with that of freshly obtained Hodgkin (H)- and Sternberg-reed (SR)- cells, except for the lack of C1g in the in vitro cells, which is explained by the culture conditions. These findings suggest that the L428 and L439 cell lines are indeed derived from H- and Sr-cells and offer the possibility of gaining new information upon the nature of Hodgkin's disease.
147 citations
TL;DR: Rat liver microsomes contain many serine hydrolases, which can be demonstrated in electropherograms with carboxylesterase stain and with an active-site-directed radioactive organophosphate, and five of the most prominent of these enzymes plus dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV have been highly purified with a simultaneous procedure after solubilization with saponin.
145 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a large number of seawater and sediment pore water samples from a wide variety of environments and locations were analyzed using electrodialysis and two forms of liquid chromatography.
137 citations
TL;DR: In situ measurements taken in Harrington Sound, Bermuda, a shallow subtropical lagoon suggest that the algae renew their standing stock approximately once every month (Halimeda and Padina) or once every one and a half months (Penicillus) during their growing season.
Abstract: The Codiacean green algae Halimeda and Penicillus and the brown alga Padina are important producers of both calcium carbonate and organic matter in shallow water tropical and subtropical areas1,2. Estimates of algal contribution to shallow water carbonate deposition range from 0 to 61%3–5. However, direct observations on algal carbonate production are very rare. Available data include short-term measurements of calcium and carbon uptake6–9, observations of growth of aquarium specimens10 and periodic observations of death rate for a year at fixed stations11. I report here on in situ measurements taken in Harrington Sound, Bermuda, a shallow subtropical lagoon. Production rates were ∼50 (Halimeda incrassata), 30 (Penicillus capitatus) and 240 Padina sanctae-crucis) g m−2 yr−1 calcium carbonate. The measured growth rates suggest that the algae renew their standing stock approximately once every month (Halimeda and Padina) or once every one and a half months (Penicillus) during their growing season.
125 citations
TL;DR: It is reported here that diphtheria toxin also catalyses the ADP-ribosylation of archaebacterial elongation factors, meaning that these factors have to be assigned to the EF2 type; it is assumed that the ADp- ribosylatable structure arising so early in evolution is of fundamental importance for the elongation process.
Abstract: Archaebacteria have been defined as a ‘third primary kingdom’ of cells in addition to the urkaryotes and the eubacteria1. While the latter two correspond approximately to the conventional categories eukaryotes and prokaryotes respectively, the Archaebacteria have up to now comprised four groups of microorganisms: the methanogenic bacteria, the extremely halophilic bacteria and the two thermoacidophilic genera Sulfolobus and Thermoplasma. Based on ribosomal RNA sequence homologies and lipid composition, they apparently form a distinct group. Furthermore they possess or lack typical biochemical markers of both the eukaryotes and the prokaryotes, as well as having unique properties not found elsewhere2. Altogether, this indicates that they are not closer to either one of the classical categories. One clear-cut difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is the diphtheria toxin reaction, which catalyses the covalent binding of adenosine diphosphateribose (ADPR) to the eukaryotic peptide elongation factor EF2 in contrast to the homologous prokaryotic factor EF-G3,4. We report here that diphtheria toxin also catalyses the ADP-ribosylation of archaebacterial elongation factors. In this respect, these factors have to be assigned to the EF2 type; we suppose that the ADP-ribosylatable structure arising so early in evolution is of fundamental importance for the elongation process.
114 citations
TL;DR: In this article, sediment cores from the central North Pacific were analyzed for 232Th, 231Pa and230Th activities, and for organic carbon contents to establish Late Quaternary sedimentation rates and organic carbon decomposition rates during early diagenesis.
107 citations
TL;DR: In this article, biometrische Unter-suchungen an Coccolithen der Gattung Gephyrocapsa aus dem Neogen des N-Atlantiks durchgefuhrt and brachten folgende Ergebnisse: Zur Fassung und Abgrenzung vonGephyricapsa-arten eignen sich vor allem die Merkmale Coccolithhen-grose, BrUckenwinkel, Rundung and Porenweite, die unt
Abstract: Anhand raster-elektronenmikroskopischer Aufnahmen wurden biometrische Unter-suchungen an Coccolithen der GattungGephyrocapsa aus dem Neogen des N-Atlantiks durchgefuhrt und brachten folgende Ergebnisse: Zur Fassung und Abgrenzung vonGephyrocapsa-arten eignen sich vor allem die Merkmale Coccolithen-grose, BrUckenwinkel, Rundung und Porenweite, die untereinander nicht korreliert sind und biometrisch leicht erfast werden konnen. Die Entwicklung dieser Merkmale erlaubt die Rekonstruktion derGephyrocapsa-Evolution im Pliozan und Quartar und eine systematische Revision dieser Gattung.
TL;DR: In this paper, the development of germinal centers in the spleens of rabbits was investigated by conventional light microscopy, enzyme histochemistry, and electron microscopy using conventional and electron microscopic investigations.
Abstract: To obtain more information concerning the origin of dendritic reticulum cells, the development of germinal centers in the spleens of rabbits was investigated by conventional light microscopy, enzyme histochemistry, and electron microscopy. Washed sheep erythrocytes were used as antigen. Splenic tissue was examined on the 13th, 18th, 21st, 27th and 48th day after antigen administration. Electron microscopic investigations revealed transitional forms between typical fibroblastic reticulum cells, which formed the framework of the entire splenic white pulp, and typical dendritic reticulum cells. During this transformation, the enzyme histochemical pattern of alkaline phosphatase disappeared and a positive alpha-naphthylacetate esterase reaction appeared in the transformed cells. On the basis of these findings, it is highly likely that dendritic reticulum cells develop through transformation of fibroblastic reticulum cells during the development of germinal centers in rabbit spleens. The characteristic folding of the surface membrane of dendritic reticulum cells is probably caused by the conspicuous increase in size of the Golgi apparatus, the detachment of vesicles, and the uptake of such vesicles by the cell membrane observed electron microscopically during the cellular transformation. Receptors that are of significance in antigen trapping might reach the cell surface in this manner, i.e., with the Golgi vesicles.
01 Oct 1980
TL;DR: In this paper, two field experiments, ESACAN and JOINT-II, were conducted in Peru coastal waters between 5 and 15°S. The combined data set includes current measurements with a common period of 38 days from moorings near 5, 10, 12, 14°51′, 15°06′, and 15º31′S and wind observations near 5ºS.
Abstract: During March to May 1977, two field experiments, ESACAN and JOINT-II, were conducted in Peru coastal waters between 5 and 15°S. The combined data set includes current measurements with a common period of 38 days from moorings near 5, 10, 12 and 15°S and wind observations near 5, 12 and 15°S. The mean currents at 40 and 90 m were poleward at all locations, although the mean wind was equatorward at all locations. Offshore arrays at 5 and 15°S show similar vertical and offshore structure of the poleward undercurrent when the offshore dimension is scaled by the Coriolis parameter. At both latitudes, the maximum poleward flow was at a depth of about 100 m over the continental slope. The poleward flow was stronger and more persistent at 5 than at 15°S. The temperature at the core is apparently higher at 5 than at 15°S, where it is about 15°C. An alongshore array with moorings at 5, 10, 12, 14°51′, 15°06′, and 15°31′S, showed that poleward flow was at about mid-depth over the shelf all along the coast; thus, the poleward undercurrent supplies the water that upwells along the coast. The undercurrent is stronger off northern Peru, where the mean is larger than the standard deviation, than off central and southern Peru, where the standard deviation exceeds the mean. The undercurrent has a higher concentration of dissolved oxygen at 5° than at 15°S, i.e., it supplies dissolved oxygen to the Peru coastal region.
TL;DR: In this article, the reflectivity of a thin partially oxidized Cu film is measured as a function of the photon glancing angle around the critical angle of total reflection and energy around the K absorption edge of Cu.
Abstract: The reflectivity of a thin partially oxidized Cu film is measured as a function of the photon glancing angle around the critical angle of total reflection and as a function of energy around the K absorption edge of Cu. Above the edge fine structures are observed in the energy dependent spectra which are related to the EXAFS phenomenon. A procedure is proposed to extract these fine structures. They are discussed concerning informations about the geometrical structure in superficial regions of the sample.
Die Reflektivitat eines dunnen, teilweise oxidierten Kupferfilms wird als Funktion des Glanzwinkels der Photonen in der Umgebung des Grenzwinkels der Totalreflektion und als Funktion der Energie der Photonen in der Umgebung der Cu K-Absorptionskante gemessen. In den energieabhangigen Spektren treten Feinstrukturen auf, die der EXAFS im Absorptionskoeffizienten ahnlich sind. Ein Verfahren zur Isolierung dieser Feinstrukturen wird vorgeschlagen und mit deren Hilfe eine Analyse der geometrischen Struktur der oberflachennahen Bereiche der Probe vorgenommen.
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TL;DR: In this article, the chemistry of 1, 3-diaryl benzo[c]furans is reviewed focusing on several aspects, including its syntheses, the Diels-Alder reactions, higher cycloaddition reactions, the reactions with singlet oxygen, the photochemical reactions; and luminescence, electroluminescence and lasing properties.
Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the chemistry of benzo[c]furan, benz-annelated and hetero-substituted derivatives, and benzo[c]-furan-4,7-diones. In a rotational and vibrational analysis of the first singlet transition of benzo[c]furan, the CNDO/S method was used to calculate the bond orders in the ground and excited state. The benzo[c]furan and its alkyl- and monoaryl-substituted derivatives are also discussed. The flash-pyrolysis technique is used for the synthesis of unstable benzo[c]furans. The chemistry of 1, 3-diarylbenzo[c]furans are reviewed focusing on several aspects—its syntheses, the Diels–Alder reactions, the higher cycloaddition reactions, the reactions with singlet oxygen, the photochemical reactions; and luminescence, electroluminescence, and lasing properties. The spectroscopic properties of benzo [c] furans are presented by considering four types of spectra, namely ultraviolet spectra (UV) spectra, 1H-NMR) spectra, mass spectra, and photoelectron spectra. The 1H-chemical shift of cyclododeceno[c]furan and cyclotetradeceno[c]furan are also calculated.
TL;DR: The characteristic isoenzyme pattern of acid esterase in T lymphocytes and monocytes is well in line with the cytochemical staining pattern and indicates the existence of cell-specific enzyme variants.
TL;DR: In this paper, the physics of gas exchange at the air-sea interface are reviewed and the influence of gravity waves is discussed, and it is evident from scale considerations that the effect of gravity wave is small.
Abstract: The physics of gas exchange at the air-sea interface are reviewed. In order to describe the transfer of gases in the liquid near the boundary, a molecular plus eddy diffusivity concept is used, which has been found useful for smooth flow over solid surfaces. From consideration of the boundary conditions a similar dependence of eddy diffusivity on distance from the interface can be derived for the flow beneath a gas/liquid interface, at least in the absence of waves. The influence of waves is then discussed. It is evident from scale considerations that the effect of gravity waves is small. It is known from wind tunnel work that capillary waves enhance gas transfer considerably. The existing hypotheses are apparently not sufficient to explain the observations. Examination of field data is even more frustrating since the data do not show the expected increase of gas exchange with wind speed. DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1980.tb00974.x
TL;DR: It is concluded that all carboxylic este hydrolases of rat liver that act at neutral pH can be classified as serine hydrolase, and bis(4-cyanophenyl) phosphate exhibits extremely low toxicity.
TL;DR: The isotopic ratios 18O/16O and 13C/12C show an annal periodicity in the strombid snails Strombus gigas and S. costatus from Bermuda and appear to have a constant displacement from oxygen isotopic equilibrium.
Abstract: The isotopic ratios 18O/16O and 13C/12C show an annal periodicity in the strombid snails Strombus gigas and S. costatus from Bermuda. S. gigas appears to have a constant displacement of 0.5‰ from oxygen isotopic equilibrium, whereas S. costatus fractionates the oxygen istopes in accordance with established fractionation relationships. With this tool, the growth in strombid snails during different stage can readily be determined on one and the same snail. A 24.8 cm long S. gigas showed an age of 7, a 19.3 cm long S. costatus of 5, and a 7.8 cm long S. costatus of 2 years. From the annual range in oxygen isotopes, growth restricted to warmer periods of the year is assumed. The abundances of 18O and 13C tend to be positively correlated in adult S. gigas and S. costatus speciments, but were inversely related in a juvenile S. costatus.
TL;DR: In this paper, a flume experiment was designed to study the flow character in the wake of obstacles and their effects on a mobile bed, and it was shown that the velocity distribution of obstacles corresponds to a paired helical motion and an increased bottom stress with a component directed symmetrically outward, which leads to erosion by carrying sediment particles out of a parabolically widening wake zone.
TL;DR: Findings indicate that the thymic cortex and medulla contain different epithelial cells, including cells characterized by the morphology of typical interdigitating reticulum cells of peripheral lymphoid tissue.
Abstract: Ontogenetic differentiation of the human thymus was investigated in 50 embryos by means of light and electron microscopic methods in an attempt to clarify the morphogenesis of the complicated microecology of thymic tissue. At the 8th gestational week (g.w.), the primordium of the thymus contains almost exclusively undifferentiated epithelial cells. At the 10th g.w., the epithelial cells in the central part are spindle-shaped. During the subsequent weeks the cortical region of the thymus becomes separated into lobes by mesenchymal septa containing hemopoietic precursor cells and large electronlucent cells with irregularly shaped nuclei. The latter cells are also found in the deeper presumptive medullary regions of the thymus; they differentiate into interdigitating reticulum cells (IDC). The permeation of the medulla of the thymus by non-epithelial IDC occurs concurrently with the formation of cortical and medullary epithelial cells. Between the 12th and 14th g.w. the cortical and medullary differentiation is completed. At this time-stage cortical small lymphocytes differ in morphological shape from medullary lymphocytes, the latter acquiring the appearance of immunocompetent T cells and establishing intimate contact with the IDC.
TL;DR: A reduced epithelium and low digestive enzyme activities were found in the over-wintering copepodids and males collected in the spring, whereas the corresponding females, and especially the summer adults, had higher enzyme activities.
TL;DR: In this article, a two-dimensional frontogenesis model forced by a barotropic horizontal deformation field has been developed, where turbulent mixing is neglected and the long-front flow is assumed geostrophic.
Abstract: A two-dimensional frontogenesis model forced by a barotropic horizontal deformation field has been developed. Turbulent mixing is neglected and the long-front flow is assumed geostrophic. The horizontal gradients at the surface become infinite after 3–4 days, assuming a deformation rate of 10−5s−1. In reality we expect turbulent mixing to prevent the final collapse to a singularity. The inclination of cross-front streamlines to isopycnals decreases rapidly below the surface; the horizontal density gradients do not therefore increase rapidly there. However, such flow can effectively increase the horizontal gradients of passive scalars (we consider temperature here) whose isopleths are inclined to the isopycnals. In a typical example the isotherm pattern makes a front appear to be an order of magnitude thinner and to penetrate much deeper than does the isopycnal pattern. The isotherm patterns produced vary markedly with the initial inclination of isopycnals and isotherms.
TL;DR: Variations and interrelationships of microbiological, chemical, and physicochemical parameters were monitored in sandy beach sediments of the brackish water Kiel Fjord and Kiel Bight and demonstrated various relationships between individual parameters.
Abstract: At 12 stations located in sandy beach sediments of the brackish water Kiel Fjord and Kiel Bight (Baltic Sea, FRG), variations and interrelationships of microbiological, chemical, and physicochemical parameters were monitored. Depending upon location, wide variations of a number of parameters reflecting dissolved organic and inorganic nutrients, chlorophyll a, microbial number, and uptake activity of glucose were measured. Whereas most of the parameters generally showed the tendency to decrease from the inner to the outer Kiel Fjord, individual parameters (oxygen, particulate nitrogen, ribose, chlorophyll a, glucose/fructose ratio) increased with increasing distance from the inner Kiel Fjord. Similarities in the local variation pattern demonstrated various relationships between individual parameters. Among those, dissolved organic nutrients on the one hand and inorganic nutrients on the other hand were closely linked together. Variations of organic and inorganic nutrients corresponded to variations of microbial activity and physicochemical parameters. By comparing standing stock carbon with carbon production, a microbial biomass turnover time of about 100 h was calculated. Approximately 50% of the microphytobenthos primary production was fixed by microorganisms. Daily microbial carbon production (43 mg of C per m2) was in the range of meiofauna carbon (35 mg of C per m2).
TL;DR: The transpiration rates observed at the time of blossoming of catkins and the high sucrose content of the vessels suggest a considerable transport of carbohydrates via the xylem pathway at this short period of time.
TL;DR: Thymus tissue from myasthenia gravis patients was investigated for comparative reasons and epithelial and myoid cells displayed a strong immunoreactivity with antiactin, resembling striated muscle after denervation or various other pathologic conditions.
Abstract: Samples of normal human thymus of different ages (4–63 years old) were studied by immunofluorescence microscopy (using antibodies to smooth muscle myosin, to actin from the chicken gizzard, and antibodies to myosin from human striated muscle) as well as by routine electron microscopy Thymus tissue from myasthenia gravis patients was also investigated for comparative reasons Epithelial cells reacted with anti-smooth, but not with anti-striated muscle myosin, whereas myoid cells reacted with antibodies to striated, but not to smooth muscle myosin Both epithelial and myoid cells displayed a strong immunoreactivity with antiactin Corresponding to this immunoreactivity, both cell types contained bundles of thin, actin-like filaments Myoid cells occurred in the rounded and elongated variety, and they were a normal constituent of all thymuses investigated in this study Ultrastructurally, this non-innervated, striated muscle-like cell type possessed bundles of thin and thick filaments as well as Z lines in a rather disorganized arrangement, resembling striated muscle after denervation or various other pathologic conditions There were no overt differences in the number and structure of myoid cells between healthy and myasthenic patients
TL;DR: It is suggested that those cutaneous postganglionic neurones inhibited by stimulation of arterial chemoreceptors and under weak control by the arterial baroreceptors may innervate cutaneous capacitance and shunt vessels.
Abstract: Postganglionic neurones supplying skeletal muscle and hairy skin of the cat's hindlimb were investigated for their reactions to stimulation of carotid baroreceptors and chemoreceptors in chloralose-anaesthetized, immobilized and artificially ventilated animals. The baroreceptors were stimulated by the pulsatile blood pressure and by pressure increases applied to an isolated carotid sinus (carotid blind sac) leaving only one intact buffer nerve. Chemoreceptors were stimulated by systemic hypoxia and by intracarotid bolus injections of CO 2 -saturated saline. The cardiac rhythmicity of activity in the postganglionic neurones (evaluated from the post-R-wave histograms) and the neurone reactions to intracarotid pressure increases were fairly well correlated, with a coefficient of r = 0.84. The time course and magnitude of inhibitory responses to intracarotid pressure increases were identical in some of the cutaneous postganglionic neurones and postganglionic neurones supplying skeletal muscle. The majority of the postganglionic neurones supplying skin, however, exhibited a weaker inhibitory response and a different time course in their activity during and after the sinus pressure increases. Muscle postganglionic neurones were excited and the majority of the cutaneous postganglionic neurones were inhibited by stimulations of arterial chemoreceptors produced by systemic hypoxia and by intracarotid injection of CO 2 -saturated saline. Small fractions of the post-ganglionic neurones supplying skin were excited by stimulation of arterial chemoreceptors. The activity of these cutaneous postganglionig neurones showed a strong cardiac rhythmicity. It is proposed that those postganglionic neurones supplying skin which are affected by stimulation of baro- and chemoreceptors in the same manner as are the postganglionic neurones supplying skeletal muscle may innervate cutaneous resistance (nutritional) vessels. It is likewise suggested that those cutaneous postganglionic neurones inhibited by stimulation of arterial chemoreceptors and under weak control by the arterial baroreceptors may innervate cutaneous capacitance and shunt vessels.
TL;DR: In this article, the first Sr2Fe2O5 single crystal was prepared by CO2-Laser-Technique and investigated by X-ray single crystal methods, and the characteristically orientation of isolated tetrahedra chains was discussed in comparison with other A2B2O-5 compounds.
Abstract: Sr2Fe2O5, wurde erstmals in einkristalliner Form mit einer CO2-Laser-Technik dargestellt und rontgenographisch untersucht. Es besitzt orthorhombische Symmetrie mit a = 566,1; b = 1559,8 und c = 553,1 pm (Raumgruppe C–Ibm2). Die charakteristische Orientierung isoliert auftretender Tetraederketten wird im Vergleich zu anderen A2B2O5-Verbindungen diskutiert.
Preparation and Investigation of Sr2Fe2O5 Single Crystals. A Contribution to Solid State Chemistry of M2Fe2O5 Compounds
For the first time Sr2Fe2O5 single crystals were prepared (by CO2-Laser-Technique) and investigated by X-ray single crystal methods. It crystallizes with orthorhombic symmetry a = 566.1; b = 1559.8 and c = 553.1 pm (space group C–Ibm2). The characteristically orientation of isolated tetrahedra chains is discussed in comparison with other A2B2O5 compounds.
TL;DR: Lysozyme, α 1ACT, α1-AT, transferrin, and albumin were never demonstrable in interdigitating reticulum cells, dendritic reticula cells, or lymphoid cells.
Abstract: The immunoperoxidase method was used to investigate the presence of intracytoplasmic lysozyme, α1-antichymotrypsin (α1-ACT), α1-antitrypsin (α1-AT), transferrin, and albumin in hyperplastic and inflamed human lymph nodes. Lysozyme was demonstrated in eosinophils, neutrophils, histiocytes, in epithelioid cells, mast cells, and some lining cells of lymph node sinuses. α1-ACT was detectable in many, but not all histiocytes that stained for lysozyme, and in sinus histiocytes, epithelioid cells, and mast cells, but not in neutrophils or eosinophils. α1-AT was demonstrable in mast cells, neutrophils, and some epithelioid cells, but not in histiocytes. Transferrin was found in mast cells, but not in any of the other cell types investigated. Albumin was detectable in a few epithelioid cells and giant cells of the Langhans type. Lysozyme, α1ACT, α1-AT, transferrin, and albumin were never demonstrable in interdigitating reticulum cells, dendritic reticulum cells, or lymphoid cells.
TL;DR: The cytoarchitectonic parcellation of the rabbit's neocortex has been investigated in 6 hemispheres which had been fixed by perfusion, embedded in paraffin and sectioned at either 9 μm or 20 μm in various planes, and automatic scanning procedure using an image analyser for measuring grey level indices was employed.
Abstract: The cytoarchitectonic parcellation of the rabbit's neocortex has been investigated in 6 hemispheres which had been fixed by perfusion, embedded in paraffin and sectioned at either 9 μm or 20 μm in various planes. In addition to the classical method of microscopic observation, and automatic scanning procedure using an image analyser for measuring grey level indices was employed. By printing computer plots of various ranges of grey level indices, this method permits visualization of structural differences between various cytoarchitectonic fields. By evaluating the plots, cytoarchitectonic maps can be constructed which are based on objective data and therefore less influenced by subjective judgment than the maps obtained with the classical method. — In some regions the results based on the quantitative method are in agreement with the commonly used maps of Rose (1931), and in other regions widely at variance. It is shown, for instance, that the area striata as defined by Rose (1931) is composed of two distinct fields, viz. areas Oc 1 and 2, which are separated from each other in the rostro-caudal direction. These and other findings are described in detail, compared with the observations of Rose (1931), and related to the literature on functional localization in the rabbit's neocortex. Attention is drawn to the fact that the results obtained in 6 hemispheres leave no doubt that individual variations in size and shape of the entire hemisphere as well as of the various cytoarchitectonic fields do occur, and will have to be taken into account if cytoarchitectonic maps such as those published in the present paper are to be used in the context of experimental work.