Showing papers in "Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics in 1980"

TL;DR: This work has described straightforward procedures to determine whether superoxide or hydroxyl radical trapping have occurred, and which can help verify the assignment of the radical adduct.

TL;DR: The described procedures permit the rapid and reproducible purification of three major rat liver microsomal enzymes which can be coupled to study bioactivation and detoxification of a variety of xenobiotics in reconstituted systems.

TL;DR: The results strongly support the conclusion that in rat hepatocytes the cystathionine pathway enables methionine to provide a significant source of l-cysteine for the support of glutathione biosynthesis, under both normal and glutATHione-depleted conditions.

TL;DR: Subfractions isolated from intact purified spinach chloroplasts are able to prenylate the aromatic moiety of α-tocopherol and plastoquinone-9 precursors.

TL;DR: Rat liver microsomes contain many serine hydrolases, which can be demonstrated in electropherograms with carboxylesterase stain and with an active-site-directed radioactive organophosphate, and five of the most prominent of these enzymes plus dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV have been highly purified with a simultaneous procedure after solubilization with saponin.

TL;DR: Results are presented here which indicate that not the flavanone but the isomeric chalcone is the immediate product of the synthase reaction, and the new term “chalcone synthase” is suggested for the enzyme.

TL;DR: Based on plasma concentrations and relative effectiveness of interaction with the vitamin D receptor protein of in vitro bone and intestinal systems, 25-hydroxyvitamin D 3 could be the cause of theitamin D toxicity, although other unmeasured metabolites of vitamin D 3 cannot be ruled out.

TL;DR: Two 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase enzymes in rat liver, one in mitochondria, and another in peroxisomes, were purified and compared for their properties to be completely different enzymes.

TL;DR: A second antiviral protein which inhibits eukaryotic protein synthesis has been purified from Phytolacca americana leaves harvested in the summer and was found to be slightly larger than the original pokeweed antiviralprotein by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide electrophoresis.

TL;DR: It was concluded that the accumulation of intramitochondrial adenine nucleotides, via the net uptake of ATP or ADP, probably accounted for the postnatal maturation of adenin nucleotide translocase activity and State 3 respiration.

TL;DR: Treatment that should have greatly reduced the number of hydroquinone subunits had only small inhibitory effects on oxygen consumption, indicating that other mechanisms must also be important.

TL;DR: The isotope 63Cu2+ has been used to probe the metal-ion binding sites of synthetic (autoxidized) catechol and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine melanins using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: The data are interpreted to indicate that the apoprotein of B is altered in the photosytem II complex of the two types of plants—this is correlated to altered binding affinity of herbicides to this component and may be related to altered redox properties of the bound quinone cofactor.

TL;DR: Experimental evidence indicates that the major pathway of retinoic acid metabolism in hamster liver microsomes follows the sequence: retinoIC acid → 4-hydroxy-retinoic Acid → 4 -keto-retinosic acid → more polar metabolites.

TL;DR: Uptake and binding of safranine result in mitochondrial damage with respect to degree of energy coupling, rate of electron transport, and ADP-stimulated respiration.

TL;DR: A role for ·OH in the microsomal oxidation of alcohols by rat liver microsomes is verified and a presumed role for H2O2 as a precursor of hydroxyl radicals is presumed.

TL;DR: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity in the small intestine and the epididymis was not affected by adrenalectomy or intraperitoneal administration of adrenal steroid or tryptophan, and developmental and daily rhythmic changes were studied.

TL;DR: Cardiac myocytes from adult rat ventricles were isolated by perfusion and incubation with buffer containing collagenase and hyaluronidase and gave a high yield of viable cells with normal morphology and metabolic properties.

TL;DR: In this paper, Ribulose 1,5-biphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase was purified from the blue-green algae Anabaena variabilis and the kinetic properties of this enzyme were studied in an attempt to compare them with values measured for higher plant enzyme.

TL;DR: During oligosaccharide processing at least two different glucosidases are involved in glucose removal, suggesting that this glucose residue may be linked α to the mannose residue.

TL;DR: An asparagine-linked oligosaccharide with an unusual structure has been isolated from Pronase digests of Chinese hamster ovary cell glycoproteins using gel filtration, ion exchange chromatography, and affinity chromatography on lectin-Sepharose columns.

TL;DR: A comparison is drawn between this protonmotive electron transfer cycle and that of the purple nonsulfur bacterium Rhodopseudomonas capsulata ; possible arrangements of electron carriers in the photosystem I cycle are discussed, and a modified Q cycle is proposed to account for the properties observed.

TL;DR: The results indicate that human liver microsomal cytochrome P -450 can be isolated using modifications of techniques developed for laboratory animals and that human and rat liver cytochromes P - 450 share certain features of structural, functional, and immunological similarity.

TL;DR: It is found that male rat liver cytosol contains two species of estrogen binders, one of which is unique to the male and the other a similar if not identical protein which is the major estrogen binder of female rat liver hepatites and has been shown to be an estradiol receptor.

TL;DR: It is proposed that these treatments modify the poising of the cyclic electron transport system and that cyclic photophosphorylation is responsible for up to 80% of the ATP produced in these cells.

TL;DR: In crude extracts of procaryotes, which may contain the iron enzymes or the manganese enzyme or both together, one can, by resolution followed by treatment with Fe(II) or Mn(II), identify and distinguish these enzymes.

TL;DR: P pH was an important variable in determining the activity of iron chelates in facilitating ethylene production in the xanthine oxidase system and the effectiveness of hydroxyl radical scavengers, in preventing ethyleneProduction, was directly related to their abilities to scavenge OH · and this was the case in the presence of any of the several chelating agents tested.

TL;DR: The relative rates observed anaerobically and aerobically in the presence and absence of the above scavengers suggest that (at least in the case of radiation damage to the membranes of erythrocyte ghost cells) the “oxygen effect” is due to the interaction of oxygen with e − and H., producing O 2 − which aggravates damage under conditions which allow consequent Haber-Weiss-like reactions.

TL;DR: The results indicate the possible presence of a new chromoprotein which involves retinal as the chromophore and participates in the mechanism of cellular ATP synthesis and suggest a mechanism common to both strains which is responsible for the observed proton uptake and ATP synthesis.

TL;DR: Observations, for the first time using the whole animal, indicate that the activation of glucocorticoid receptors enabling them to become DNA or nuclei binding proteins is a physiologically significant process.