Showing papers by "University of New South Wales published in 1968"

Phases, Roles, and Myths in Self-Analytic Groups

Abstract: This paper describes a comparative study of the development of two self-analytic groups meeting over a period of nine months. Methodologically, the study employs a computer system of content analysis which reads verbal text and categorizes words and phrases into a set of psycho-sociological variables specified by the investigator. This method is applied to brief reports written weekly by group members. Analysis of variance and factor analytic methods are applied to the output of the computer system to develop a model of change in the social structure and culture of the groups. This model demonstrates that the groups passed through similar phases which were strongly influenced by the emergence of nonrational role specialists and given an underlying common meaning by an integrating group mythology.

Evolution of Salt Tolerance in Two Coexisting Species of Grass

Abstract: ALTHOUGH the tolerance of plants to salt is of great economic importance and has received detailed attention, data for contrasting populations of species that occur naturally in saline and non-saline habitats are limited. Demonstrations of the significance of salt in the distribution of forms of Typha by McMillan1 and McNaughton2 are notable exceptions. We have therefore examined the salt tolerance of populations of Festuca rubra L., which occurs in both the lower and upper regions of salt marshes and in the adjacent non-saline uplands, and of Agrostis stolonifera L. which coexists with Festuca in the upper marsh and upland. Five such populations were collected from each of two geographically separate but otherwise similar sites (Aber, Caernarvonshire and Malltraeth, Anglesey).

Metal Complexes as Ligands. VI. Antiferromagnetic Interactions in Trinuclear Complexes Containing Similar and Dissimilar Metals

Abstract: The magnetic properties of a series of discrete trinuclear transition‐metal complexes derived from tetradentate Schiff bases have been investigated over the temperature range 80°–400°K. The complexes contain the groupings of metals CuMCu where M is Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Fe(II), and Mn(II), and the three metal atoms are linked by oxygen bridges. For each grouping of metals, the observed magnetic moments are subnormal, and decrease markedly with decreasing temperatures. These magnetic properties are explained in terms of antiferromagnetic interactions between the central metal atom M and the adjacent copper (II) atoms. The magnetic moments calculated on the basis of this model of discrete antiferromagnetism are found to be in good agreement with the experimental results. Mutual interactions between the terminal copper atoms apparently exist to only a small degree or not at all.

Selective withdrawal from a stably stratified fluid

Abstract: In this paper a reservoir connected through a horizontal contraction to a channel is considered. Both the reservoir and the channel are considered to contain a stable multi-layered system of fluids. The conditions under which there is a flow in only one layer, and the depth in this flowing layer decreases continuously from its depth in the reservoir to its depth in the channel, give the maximum discharge that can be obtained with a flow only from this single layer. For this case the volume discharge calculations are carried out at a single section (the section of minimum width). Where there are velocities in only two layers and the depth in each of these layers decreases continuously from their depths in the reservoir to their depths in the channel, the theory involves computations at two sections in the flow. These are the section of minimum width and a section upstream of the position of minimum width (the virtual point of control). For this flow it is shown that the solution is the one in which the velocity and density distributions are self similar and that the depths of the layers at the point of maximum contraction are two-thirds of those far upstream. It is then shown that for any stable continuous or discrete density stratification in the reservoir a self similar solution will satisfy the conditions for the depths of the flowing layers to decrease smoothly from the reservoir to downstream of the contraction. Again the ratio of the depth at the contraction to that far upstream is two-thirds.When there is a very large density difference between the fluid in the lower dead water and that in the lowest flowing streamline then this streamline becomes horizontal and may be considered as a frictionless bed. The flow when the bed is not horizontal but where there is a small rise in the channel at the position of maximum contraction is considered for the case where two discrete layers flow under a volume of dead water. In this case the velocity and density profiles are not self similar.Experiments have been carried out with a contraction in a flume for the withdrawal of two discrete layers from a three layer system and the withdrawal from a fluid with a linear density gradient. In both cases the reservoir and channel bed and hence the lowest streamline was effectively horizontal. These experiments confirmed the theoretical predictions.

Protein Genetics of Wheat and Homoeologous Relationships of Chromosomes

Abstract: Genetic relationships of chromosomes of the Triticinae have been revealed by means of electrophoretic zymogram comparisons of lines with distinctive chromosomal constitutions. Cytogenetics combined with protein chemistry thus provides a new method of genetic analysis.

The taxonomy of the Lampreys Geotria and Mordacia and their distribution in Australia

Abstract: The taxonomy of the Southern Hemisphere lampreys, Qeotria and Mordacia, is reviewed. Many invalid species have been created within these genera due to a lack of knowledge of the great morphological changes that take place during development. The sequence of changes in the dentition of Mordacia is described in detail. Geotria is now considered to be monotypic, containing only Q. australis Gray, which is found in Australia, New Zealand, and South America. Caragola is regarded as a synonym of Mordacia, and thus the exclusively South American C. lapicida becomes M. lapicida (Gray). The other Mordacia species, M. mordax (Richardson) and M. praecox Potter, are found only in Australia. All these species are anadromous and parasitic, except M. praecox, which is nonparasitic and never leaves fresh-water. A comparison of anatomical features indicates that living lampreys (Petromyzonidae) are best separated into three subfamilies: Petromyzoninae to contain all Northern Hemisphere genera, Geotriinae for Geotria, and Mordaciinae for Mordacia. A record of the Australian rivers in which lampreys have been found, shows that both genera are sympatric in South Australia, western Victoria, and Tasmania, and that only Qeotria is found in Western Australia, and only Mordacia in south-eastern Australia.

Enumeration of the Oxygen Sensitive Bacteria usually Present in the Intestine of Healthy Mice

Abstract: THE gastrointestinal microflora of specific pathogen free mice usually includes several species of anaerobic bacteria. In a healthy state these organisms greatly outnumber the coliform bacilli and enterococci that are commonly but erroneously assumed to be the most characteristic inhabitants of the intestinal tract1–3. Earlier publications from this laboratory have presented the hypothesis that several species of anaerobic bacteria have evolved with the mouse, live symbiotically with it and play essential parts in its anatomical development as well as in physiological functions. Such organisms are intimately associated with gastrointestinal anatomy and can be regarded as constituting its autochthonous microflora. This hypothesis, if valid, applies equally well to other omnivorous animals, including man1–3.

Models for hemoglobin and allosteric enzymes

Abstract: A model for hemoglobin is proposed and its application to allosteric enzymes is discussed with particular reference to asparate transcarbamylase. The main assumptions made are that the molecule is composed of subunits and that occupation of a sub-unit produces a conformational change which affects the occupational probability of neighboring subunits. The results compare favorably with experiment and a number of specific predictions are made for aspartate transcarbamylase.

"Tactile" stimulus intensity: information transmission by relay neurons in different trigeminal nuclei.

Abstract: Comparison of the information transmitted about the intensity of a steady "tactile" stimulus applied to facial skin by single trigemino-thalamic neurons in nucleus oralis and nucleus caudalis indicates that little information loss occurs at the medial lemniscal synaptic relay (nucleus oralis), but that it is gross within the nucleus caudalis.

Mechanics of Orthogonal Machining: Allowing for the Effects of Strain Rate and Temperature on Tool-Chip Friction

Abstract: An analysis of orthogonal machining is given in which the mean angle of friction usually used to describe the frictional condition at the tool-chip interface is replaced by the average shear stress along this interface. If this shear stress is expressed as a function of strain rate and temperature, using a velocity-modified temperature, there is good agreement between theory and experiment.

Tests for correlation matrices

Abstract: SUMMARY Exact and approximate likelihood ratio tests are derived for certain structures in multivariate normal correlation matrices Reasonable asymptotic distributions for the approximate tests are proposed and examined by empirical sampling The powers of these tests are compared with those of previously proposed tests Tests for certain structures in correlation matrices have been proposed by several authors Hotelling (1940) proposed a conditional t test for the equality of two correlations in a trivariate normal distribution; Bartlett (1950, 1951), Anderson (1963) and Lawley (1963) considered tests for equality of all correlations in a multivariate normal distribution; and Bartlett & Rajalakshman (1953) and Kullback (1959) proposed a test for a completely specified correlation matrix The object of the present investigation is to examine likelihood ratio tests, or simple approximations to them, for the above hypotheses Asymptotic distributions are not available for the approximate tests, but reasonable approximations are proposed and examined by empirical sampling The powers of these tests are compared with those of previously proposed tests

Personal Discomfort in Australian Aborigines

Abstract: SYNOPSISThe question is asked whether Aboriginal Australians are the happy, healthy people many European Australians perceive them to be. 294 Aboriginal adults belonging to four ethnic subgroups on Mornington Island in the north of Australia completed a modified Cornell Medical Index Health Questionnaire. Reported discomfort was high, especially among the more economically-deprived and the immigrant. The female excess of complaints was notable; age effects were prominent only on items concerning bodily function. There were five peaks of discomfort, evidenced by respiratory and musculoskeletal complaints and symptoms of exhaustion, inadequacy and irritability. A 20-item questionnaire for trans-cultural use is presented.

The Influence of Natural Variations in Fiber Properties on the Bulk Compression of Wool

Abstract: Extremely large variations occur in the compressional properties of wool samples. These variations are attributed to differences in the crimp structure of the fibers, crimp form and crimp frequency together accounting for 88.6% of the observed varia tions in compressional load. Alternatively, a single variable consisting of the product of crimp frequency and fiber diameter accounted for 88.7% of the variations. Other characteristics such as diameter, length, and mechanical properties of single fibers proved to be nonsignificant.

The formation of longitudinal dunes: evidence from the simpson desert

Abstract: (1968). The formation of longitudinal dunes: evidence from the simpson desert. Australian Geographer: Vol. 10, No. 6, pp. 483-487.

Clinical trial of a new serotonin antagonist, BC105, in the prevention of migraine.

Abstract: BAILLIlII W F (1964), "What's the Score on Tractor Accidents?", Montld1l . Btdletin, Department 01 Agriculture, Vwtoria (April). DIllPARTMIIlNT or BUILDINGS AND SCAJTOLDING (1966), "Particulars ot Fatal Wheel Tractor Accidents In Queensland, 1968-66", State Government ot Queensland Publication. KNAPP, L. W., jr. (1963), ''Research Methodology and Potential in Farm Accidents", Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 107: 664. McF.ARLAND, R. A. (1963), "A Critique ot Accident Research", Ann. N.Y. Acad. Bci., 107: 686. NATIONAL SAJ'lIITY COUNCIL, U.S.A. (1960), "Tractor Facts". REES W. D. {1966), ",AgrIcultural Tractor Accldents-A Description ot Fourteen Tractor Accidents and a Comparison with Road Tramc Accidents", Brit. med. J., 1I: 63.