Showing papers by "University of Victoria published in 1989"
TL;DR: The National Adult Reading Test (NART) has promise as an assessment tool for the determination of premorbid intellectual function, but needs to be modified for current use in a North American population and validated against the WAIS-R as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The National Adult Reading Test (NART) has promise as an assessment tool for the determination of premorbid intellectual function, but needs to be modified for current use in a North American population and validated against the WAIS-R. A revision based on American and Canadian pronunciation rules was prepared. Sixty-six unimpaired subjects were tested with a revised NART and all subtests of the WAIS-R. Demographic variables were also recorded. Correlations between actual VIQ, PIQ and FSIQ, and predicted IQs on the basis of revised NART score were .83, .40, and .75, respectively (all p < .001). Prediction of IQs was more accurate with equations based on revised NART score than with demographic variable prediction equations developed by Barona, Reynolds, and Chastain (1984).
1,007 citations
TL;DR: The results of these experiments indicate that agriculturally important plants such as B. napus can be genetically engineered for heavy metal tolerance/sequestration and eventually for partitioning of heavy metals in non-consumed plant tissues.
Abstract: A chimeric gene containing a cloned human metallothionein-II (MT-II) processed gene was introduced into Brassica napus and Nicotiana tabacum cells on a disarmed Ti-plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Transformants expressed MT protein as a Mendelian trait and in a constitutive manner. Seeds from self-fertilized transgenic plants were germinated on media containing toxic levels of cadmium and scored for tolerance/ susceptibility to this heavy metal. The growth of root and shoot of transformed seedlings was unaffected by up to 100 μM CdCl2, whereas control seedlings showed severe inhibition of root and shoot growth and chlorosis of leaves. The results of these experiments indicate that agriculturally important plants such as B. napus can be genetically engineered for heavy metal tolerance/sequestration and eventually for partitioning of heavy metals in non-consumed plant tissues.
266 citations
247 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors derived harvest policies for growing biological assets subject to stochastic age-dependent growth and price uncertainty in a continuous-time optimal stopping problem for diffusion processes.
210 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the discrete measures given by the Nanbu simulation method converge with respect to the weak topology of measures to solutions of the Boltzmann equation.
Abstract: It is shown that the discrete measures given by the Nanbu simulation method converge with respect to the weak topology of measures to solutions of the Boltzmann equation. The main conditions for this result are that the Cauchy problem for the Boltzmann equation has a sufficiently smooth solution and that the discretization parameters (cell size, timestep and test particle number) satisfy suitable constraints.
156 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the new environmental paradigm (NEP) scale, which focuses on and assesses generic environmental dispositions or primitive beliefs, and reported the application of the scale to three sample populations in a study of conflicts between fishing interests and marine mammal protection in British Columbia.
Abstract: Societal attitudes toward and values placed on wildlife are in transition. Increasing public and environmental group involvement in decision making has resulted in conflicts with established users of the natural environment. Resolution of such conflicts may be aided by identification of people's environmental values and beliefs. The article examines the new environmental paradigm (NEP) scale, which focuses on and assesses generic environmental dispositions or primitive beliefs. It reports the application of the scale to three sample populations in a study of conflicts between fishing interests and marine mammal protection in British Columbia. Environmentalists and the general public exhibited strong support for the NEP and the ecologically benign world view that it embodies. Commercial fishers, however, displayed a strong rejection of all aspects of the NEP scale. It is suggested that the NEP provides a useful referential framework of environmental beliefs in which to understand attitudes and to ...
142 citations
TL;DR: Detailed atomic models of a eubacterial 5 S rRNA (spinach chloroplast 5S rRNA) and a eukaryotic5 S r RNA (somatic and oocyte 5 S RRNA from Xenopus laevis) were built using computer graphic to clarify the structure-function relationship of 5 S sRNA and are useful for designing site-directed mutagenesis experiments.
125 citations
TL;DR: Experiments using all four MAbs with an LPG-deficient promastigote mutant indicated that both the repeat epitope and phosphosaccharide core were present in these cells, suggesting that incomplete assembly was responsible for the absence of intact LPG.
119 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a more direct and natural proof for the validity of the Boltzmann equation was presented, although based on the same physical ideas of the previous ones, which saves and improves the validity results given in [1] and [2].
Abstract: We point out an error in our earlier papers [1] and [2] and present a more direct and natural proof which, although based on the same physical ideas of the previous ones, saves and actually improves the validity results for the Boltzmann equation given in [1] and [2].
117 citations
TL;DR: A gene encoding a flagellin protein of Campylobacter coli VC167 has been cloned and sequenced as mentioned in this paper, which was identified in a pBR322 library by hybridization to a synthetic oligonucleotide probe corresponding to amino acids 4 to 9 of the N-terminal sequence obtained by direct chemical analysis.
Abstract: A gene encoding a flagellin protein of Campylobacter coli VC167 has been cloned and sequenced. The gene was identified in a pBR322 library by hybridization to a synthetic oligonucleotide probe corresponding to amino acids 4 to 9 of the N-terminal sequence obtained by direct chemical analysis (S. M. Logan, L. A. Harris, and T. J. Trust, J. Bacteriol. 169:5072-5077, 1987). The DNA was sequenced and shown to contain an open reading frame encoding a protein with a molecular weight of 58,945 and a length of 572 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence was identical to the published N-terminal amino acid sequence of VC167 flagellin and to four internal regions whose partial sequences were obtained by direct chemical analysis of two tryptic and two cyanogen bromide peptides of VC167 flagellin. The C. coli flagellin protein contains posttranslationally modified serine residues, most of which occur within a region containing two 9-amino-acid repeating peptides separated by 34 unique amino acids. Comparisons with the sequences of flagellins from other bacterial species revealed conserved residues at the amino- and carboxy-terminal regions. Hybridization data suggest the presence of a second flagellin copy located adjacent to the first on the VC167 chromosome.
114 citations
TL;DR: Results indicate that MT is specifically induced in response to heavy metal treatment, whereas the synthesis of hsp70 appears to be a general stress response.
TL;DR: An epidemiological model with both a time delay in the removed class and a nonlinear incidence rate is analysed to determine the equilibria and their stability for diseases where individuals are first susceptible, then infected, then removed with temporary immunity and then susceptible again when they lose their immunity.
Abstract: An epidemiological model with both a time delay in the removed class and a nonlinear incidence rate is analysed to determine the equilibria and their stability. This model is for diseases where individuals are first susceptible, then infected, then removed with temporary immunity and then susceptible again when they lose their immunity. There are multiple equilibria for some parameter values, and, for certain of these, periodic solutions arise by Hopf bifurcation from the large nontrivial equilibrium state.
TL;DR: A model depicting the evolutionary progression of the L10e and L12e genes and proteins from the primordial state to the contemporary archaebacterial, eucaryotic, and eubacterial states is presented.
Abstract: The genes corresponding to the L10 and L12 equivalent ribosomal proteins (L10e and L12e) ofEscherichia coli have been cloned and sequenced from two widely divergent species of archaebacteria,Halobacterium cutirubrum andSulfolobus solfataricus. The deduced amino acid sequences of the L10e and L12e proteins have been compared to each other and to available eubacterial and eucaryotic sequences. We have identified the hyman P0 protein as the eucaryotic L10e. The L10e proteins from the three kingdoms were found to be colinear. The eubacterial L10e protein is much shorter than the archaebacterial-eucaryotic proteins because of two large deletions, one internal and one at the carboxy terminus. The archaebacterial and eucaryotic L12e proteins were also colinear; the eubacterial protein is homologous to the archaebacterial and eucaryotic L12e proteins, but has suffered rearrangement through what appear to be gene fusion events. Intraspecies comparisons between L10e and L12e sequences indicate the archaebacterial and eucaryotic L10e proteins contain a partial copy of the L12e protein fused to their carboxy terminus. In the eubacteria most of this fusion has been removed by the carboxy terminal deletion. Within the L12e-derived region, a 26-amino acid-long internal modular sequence reiterated thrice in the archaebacterial L10e, twice in the eucaryotic L10e, and once in the eubacterial L10e was discovered. This modular sequence also appears to be present as a single copy in all L12e proteins and may play a role in L12e dimerization, L10e–L12e complex formation, and the function of L10e–L12e complex in translation. From these sequence comparisons a model depicting the evolutionary progression of the L10e and L12e genes and proteins from the primordial state to the contemporary archaebacterial, eucaryotic, and eubacterial states is presented.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors conducted an experiment to determine whether warm white, cool white, and full-spectrum fluorescent spectra at approximately equal illuminances differentially affect performance on simple verbal and quantitative tasks, salary recommendations, rated attractiveness and friendliness of others, judged room attractiveness, estimated room size, and selfreported pleasure and arousal.
TL;DR: The multiobjective vending problem (MVP) (Keller, 1985) is a generalization of the traveling salesman problem (TSP) where it is not necessary to visit all nodes in the problem definition.
TL;DR: A detailed account of determinantal formulas in a graph-theoretic form involving paths and cycles in the digraph of the matrix is given in this article, where the determinant can be computed using the matrix representation.
Abstract: A detailed account of various determinantal formulas is presented in a graph-theoretic form involving paths and cycles in the digraph of the matrix. For cases in which the digraph has special local properties, for example, a cutpoint or a bridge, particular formulas are given that are more efficient for computing the determinant than simply using the matrix representation. Applications are also given to characteristic deter- minants, general minors, and cofactors.
TL;DR: In this article, a twenty-one item scale, combining and modifying the "new environmental paradigm" and "dominant social paradigm" scales developed by Dunlap and Van Liere was used in two surveys in Edmonton and Calgary, Canada.
Abstract: A twenty-one item scale, combining and modifying the “new environmental paradigm” and “dominant social paradigm” scales developed by Dunlap and Van Liere, was used in two surveys in Edmonton and Calgary, Canada. This paper compares attitudinal dimensions resulting from factor analysis. Similarities between the two studies in terms of relationships between scores on the scale and preferences for energy-related options are also assessed.
TL;DR: Determination of the NH2-terminal amino acid sequence of these molecules showed that they were identical in primary structure in this region and differed only in that one had a blocked NH2 -terminal, which provided an explanation for the isolation of two proteins with otherwise identical characteristics.
TL;DR: This work presents a robust procedure for optimally estimating a polynomial-form input forcing function, its time of occurrence and the measurement error covariance matrix, R, based on a running window robust regression analysis.
Abstract: A method is proposed to adapt the Kalman filter to the changes in the input forcing functions and the noise statistics. The resulting procedure is stable in the sense that the duration of divergences caused by external disturbances are finite and short and, also, the procedure is robust with respect to impulsive noise (outlier). The input forcing functions are estimated by a running window curve-fitting algorithm, which concurrently provides estimates of the measurement noise covariance matrix and the time instant of any significant change in the input forcing functions. In addition, an independent technique for estimating the process noise covariance matrix is suggested which establishes a negative feedback in the overall adaptive Kalman filter. This procedure is based on the residual characteristics of the standard optimum Kalman filter and a stochastic approximation method. The performance of the proposed method is demonstrated by simulations and compared to the conventional sequential adaptive Kalman filter algorithm. >
TL;DR: Different doses of glucagon and glucagon-like peptide (GLP) isolated from coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch were tested in vivo and in vitro on juvenile coho and chinook (O. tshawytscha) salmon.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors tested the defensible space hypotheses that surveillability and evidence of territorial concern will deter burglars and found that evidence of such concern had no effect (traces of occupany, actual barriers) or actually increased vulnerability.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented measurements of increased harmonic currents in a 500 kV power system due to geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) in a 1200 MVA transformer.
Abstract: Measurements are presented of increased harmonic currents in a 500 kV power system due to geomagnetically induced currents (GIC). The measurements were made of 60 Hz, 120 Hz, and 180 Hz currents and GIC in a 1200 MVA transformer. The recorded increases in the harmonic currents at times of GIC are consistent with computer model calculations made for a transformer operating under conditions of partial saturation. The computer model is used to determine transformer operation for GIC up to 100 A/phase, calculating magnetizing current an reactive power demand as well as the harmonic current levels. An assessment is made of the effect of these parameters on system operation. >
TL;DR: Exports of the extracellular protein proaerolysin from the periplasm through the outer membrane of Aeromonas salmonicida is inhibited by a proton ionophore and by low ext racellular pH.
Abstract: Many Gram-negative bacteria export proteins to the exterior. Some of these proteins are first secreted into the periplasm and then cross the outer membrane in a separate step. The source of energy required for the translocation is unknown. Export of the extracellular protein proaerolysin from the periplasm through the outer membrane of Aeromonas salmonicida is inhibited by a proton ionophore and by low extracellular pH. One possible explanation of these results is that a proton gradient across the outer membrane is required for export.
TL;DR: Evidence supporting the possibility that both learning disabilities and emotional disorders, or at least some subforms of them, may have a common origin in neurological dysfunction is discussed.
Abstract: Emotional disorders may precede learning disabilities, follow learning disabilities, or occur at the same time. This paper discusses evidence supporting each of these hypotheses, focussing on the possibility that both learning disabilities and emotional disorders, or at least some subforms of them, may have a common origin in neurological dysfunction. A model of interaction of the many factors involved in both the development and the persistence across age for both learning disabilities and emotional disorders is presented and avenues of research are discussed. Data from a 15-year follow-up study which illustrate some of these complex relationships are presented.
TL;DR: The explanation of social and political life is a notoriously contentious enterprise, and the Anglo-American discipline of international relations is no exception to the general rule as discussed by the authors, and controversy has occurred largely on the terrain of epistemology.
Abstract: The explanation of social and political life is a notoriously contentious enterprise, and the Anglo — American discipline of international relations is no exception to the general rule. As with so many other disciplines that have been shaped by the broader ambitions of post-war social science, controversy has occurred largely on the terrain of epistemology. All too often, the more far-reaching epistemological problems, posed by those who seek to understand what is involved in making knowledge claims about social and political processes, have been pushed aside in favor of more restricted concerns about method and research techniques. Narrowing the range of potential dispute in this manner has undoubtedly enhanced an appearance of professional solidarity. But it has also obscured many of the more troublesome and, in my view, more important fractures visible to anyone now canvassing contemporary debates about the general nature and possibility of social and political enquiry.
01 May 1989
TL;DR: Arm-tip regeneration in this sea star may be best described as a morphallactic-like process in which a true blastema is not formed, but in which scattered cell proliferation plays an essential role.
Abstract: Wound healing and regeneration following amputation of arm-tips of the sea star, Leptasterias hexactis, are described using light microscopy, SEM, TEM, and [3H] thymidine autoradiography. The process can be divided into a number of stages. Initially, the wound is closed by contractions of the stump-tip. Re-epithelialization then occurs through migration of epidermal cells from adjacent areas over the wound to form a thin wound epidermis. This is converted into a thicker, permanent covering in concurrence with the onset of cell cycle activity in the wound epidermis and adjacent epidermal regions. Histolysis and phagocytosis of damaged tissues occur beneath the new epidermis and a small connective tissue scar develops at the wound site within which muscle differentiates. At this time, elevated levels of [3H]thymidine incorporation are initiated in the sub-epidermal tissues of the arm-tip. A variety of differentiated cell types enter the cell cycle including cells of the parietal peritoneum, lining of the radial water canal, and the dermis. Cell division is accompanied by the development of a small new arm-tip complete with terminal ossicle, terminal tentacle, and optic cushion. The radial water canal, radial nerve, and perivisceral coelom extend by outgrowth into this newly developing tip. Accelerated growth of the regenerate then occurs in a zone just proximal to the new tip. There is no evidence of a blastema-like mass of rapidly dividing undifferentiated cells at the tip of regenerating arms. Arm-tip regeneration in this sea star may therefore be best described as a morphallactic-like process in which a true blastema is not formed, but in which scattered cell proliferation plays an essential role.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors model the electron as a charged sphere obeying Einstein-Maxwell theory and find that it must contain some negative rest mass, which calls into question one of the assumptions made in singularity theorems of general relativity.
TL;DR: In this article, a new ππ resonance AX(1565) has been observed at a mass of 1565±10 MeV/c2 and a width of 170±20 MeV /c2, produced in p p annihilation at rest into π+π−π0 from P states of antiprotonic hydrogen atoms formed by stopping antiprotons in hydrogen gas at normal temperature and pressure.
TL;DR: Positive staining showed that the S layer was released as sheets of tetragonal material, indicating that although surface retention of assembled S layer requires the presence of wild-type LPS oligosaccharides, initial assembly of S-layer subunits into sheets does not require the existence of O-polysaccharide chains.
Abstract: Cell-free culture supernatants of a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-polysaccharide-deficient, single-insertion transposon mutant of the tetragonal surface protein array (S layer)-containing fish pathogen Aeromonas salmonicida were examined by electron microscopy. Negative staining showed that the S layer was released as sheets of tetragonal material, indicating that although surface retention of assembled S layer requires the presence of wild-type LPS oligosaccharides, initial assembly of S-layer subunits into sheets does not require the presence of O-polysaccharide chains. The three-dimensional structure of the S layer was reconstructed from tilted micrographs of the released sheets. Horizontal sections through this reconstruction showed that the released sheets were composed of two identical S layers that were perfectly in register. The reconstructed layer had a lattice constant of 12.5 nm. At a resolution of 1.6 nm, the layer consisted of a major tetragon at one fourfold axis of symmetry and a minor tetragon at the second fourfold axis of symmetry. The core, composed of four of the major domains, contained a large depression and was located toward the inside of the layer. The minor tetragon provided connectivity within the layer and was located toward the outer surface of the layer. Projections through the double layer gave a type I (closed) pattern (M. Stewart, T. J. Beveridge, and T. J. Trust, J. Bacteriol. 166:120-127, 1986), yet projections through the single layer indicated that the type II (open) pattern was present. This open pattern was indistinguishable from that seen in S layer released from the surfaces of wild-type cells.