Showing papers in "Aquatic Toxicology in 2016"

TL;DR: Polystyrene particles, both negatively charged and uncharged, and three different sizes (0.05, 0.5 and 6μm) were selected for testing the effects of size and material properties on microalgal photosynthesis and growth.

TL;DR: The results of this study highlight the importance of further investigating the effects of multi-stressors on marine fish, particularly the effects on the uptake, biotransformation, elimination and effects of nanoparticles and microplastics, either alone or in mixture.

TL;DR: The data imply that nano-ZnO induce an excessive production of ROS which then activate the apoptosis pathway mediated by mitochondria and caspases, which could be a physiological mechanism compensating for body hypoxia.

TL;DR: The results provide essential information with the biological fate of quaternium-15 in aquatic organisms, and confirm that biomarkers represent an important tool for modern environmental assessments as they can help with the prediction of pollutants involved in the monitoring program.

TL;DR: A critical overview of the biochemical responses induced by the presence of NPs on freshwater organisms is performed with a strong interest on indicators of ROS and general stress.

TL;DR: Findings raise concern on the long-term exposure of wild populations to complex mixtures of pollutants, likely decreasing their fitness, and highlight the need of more research on the combined effects of widely used pharmaceuticals, microplastics and temperature increase on wild species to improve environmental and human risk assessments of chemicals and their safe use under a global warming scenario.

TL;DR: Cd-induced oxidative stress and immunotoxicity in fish is demonstrated through transcriptional regulation of Nrf2 and NF-κB and gene modifications at transcriptional, translational, post-translational levels, which would greatly extend the authors' understanding on the Cd toxicity.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that GO administration in an aquatic system can cause oxidative stress and immune toxicity in adult zebra fish, the first report of immune toxicity of GO in zebrafish.

TL;DR: There may be poorly understood adverse outcomes pathways related to osmotic gradients and water movement within embryos, the latter causing extreme shifts in tissue osmolality.

TL;DR: Recent zebrafish phenomics methods to facilitate drug discovery, particularly in the field of biological psychiatry are discussed, and the limitations of utilizing this model organism are critically evaluated.

TL;DR: Testing the hypothesis that different families of neuro-active pharmaceuticals at low environmentally relevant concentrations may lead to similar phenotypic responses in D. magna finds that eco-toxicity testing of pharmaceuticals need to assess effects at the ng/L range.

TL;DR: It is suggested that chronic PFOS exposure induces hepatic steatosis in zebrafish via disturbing lipid biosynthesis, fatty acid β-oxidation and excretion of VLDL/LDL lipoprotein, and the validity of using zebra fish as an alternative model for PFOS chronic toxicity screening is demonstrated.

TL;DR: The experimental method demonstrated that, with the application of current technologies, mussel behavioral response to a chemical stressor can be measured and the tested sublethal endpoints are suitable for mussel ecotoxicology studies.

TL;DR: Exposure to perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, PFNA, and PFOA resulted in significantly altered responses in terms of morphometric, locomotion, and gene expression endpoints, which could be manifested in field exposed teleosts.

TL;DR: The data demonstrated that essential and non-essential metals induced some differences in oxidative damage in fish, which were not caused by the transcriptional level of related genes but depended on post-transcriptional modifications.

TL;DR: This study provides first evidence that different modes of molecular action of the thyroid disruptor can be associated with uniform apical responses, and is the first to show that pathological eye development, as it can be induced by exposure to thyroid disruptors, indeed translates into impaired visual capacities of zebrafish early life stages.

TL;DR: The locomotor assay showed to be extremely sensitive, detecting effects in time that larvae spent swimming at concentrations of 0.16μg/L and thus, being several orders of magnitude more sensitive that developmental parameters or lethality.

TL;DR: This study showed that 250μg/L TCS exposure does not affect normal embryogenesis or organogenesis; however, there are concerns regarding possible impairment of lipid metabolism.

TL;DR: The study indicated that waterborne inorganic Hg exposure caused histological damage and oxidative stress in the gonads of zebrafish, and altered sex hormone levels by disrupting the transcription of related HPG-axis genes, which could subsequently impair the reproduction of fish.

TL;DR: This review goes through historical records, latest advances, and pending tasks aiming to expand the current knowledge on defense mechanisms to copper excess in green and red macroalgae, with emphasis on biochemical and molecular aspects.

TL;DR: The accumulation of intracellular Zn provides a new insight into toxic mechanisms of nano-ZnO, and could be an indispensable parameter to indicate the toxic effects of nano, ZnO.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that temperature is a powerful modulator of sublethal toxicity within a range of environmentally relevant temperatures, impacting both uptake rates and metabolic rates of I. bicolor and shows that temperature alters imidacloprid uptake across arange of species, highlighting the physiological variation present within aquatic invertebrate communities and the challenge associated with relying solely on surrogate species.

TL;DR: This is the first study to the authors' knowledge that demonstrates increased energy demand and energy depletion in oil-exposed developing mahi-mahi.

TL;DR: The findings point out that the predicted increase of CO2 in seawater and consequent seawater acidification will have fewer impacts on physiological and biochemical performance of R. philippinarum clams than salinity shifts.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided that waterborne HgCl2 exposure can induce developmental impairment, oxidative stress and immunotoxicity in the early development stage of fish, which brings insights into the toxicity mechanisms of inorganic Hg in fish.

TL;DR: The data suggests that modification of the activity of these enzymes is responsible for the thermal acclimation of phospholipid fatty acid profiles, and in warm-acclimated, Ni-exposed fish, lower concentrations of malondialdehyde were measured, suggesting an overcompensation of antioxidant mechanisms in these fish which could represent a substantial metabolic cost and explain their lower condition.

TL;DR: Environmental concentrations of bifenthrin have potential to interfere with metabolic processes, endocrine signaling, and to decrease reproductive output, as demonstrated by observed changes in endocrine-related gene expression and choriogenin production.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that acute, embryonic exposure to individual PFASs result in significant biochemical and behavioral changes in young adult zebrafish 6 months after exposure, similar to those observed at 5 and 14 dpf.

TL;DR: The ability of metabolomics to identify discrete differences between intermediate and severe stress, and also to characterize how systemic stress is manifested in the metabolome, has been demonstrated.

TL;DR: No significant increase in abiotic reactive oxygen species (ROS) production under simulated solar radiation was observed suggesting that the synergistic effect observed might be correlated to other factors than CuO-NP-mediated ROS photoproduction.