Showing papers in "Brain and Cognition in 1986"

TL;DR: A model of emotional control based on interactive inhibition between a right negatively biased and left positively biased hemisphere is suggested, however, the details of such a model, including the precise conditions under which emotion-related functions are lateralized, have yet to be elucidated.

TL;DR: An analysis of the logic of valid inferences about the structure of normal cognitive processes from the study of impaired cognitive performance in brain-damaged patients is presented and it is shown that given certain assumptions, only the single-case method allows invalid inferences from the analysis of impaired performance.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the observed humor comprehension deficits of RHD patients result specifically from right hemisphere disease and not from brain damage irrespective of locus, and support a separation of narrative ability from the traditional aspects of language ability typically disrupted in aphasia.

TL;DR: Empirical findings suggest that manipulation of procedural variables may differentially affect the processing efficiency of the cerebral hemispheres and indicate that a given pattern of visual-field asymmetry may be overdetermined by a multitude of variables interacting in complex ways.

TL;DR: Perceptual asymmetries for processing chimeric faces were investigated in dextral subjects, ranging in age from 5 years to elderly adults, and a leftward bias was found for all age groups.

TL;DR: The role of several task factors that influence processing after the initial reception of the stimulus input are discussed, a theoretical rationale for some of the effects of these task factors are suggested, and implications for future studies of visual laterality are considered.

TL;DR: The results are consistent with the view that the standard recency effect in immediate free recall of auditorily presented material represents the output of a phonological short-term store to which ordinal retrieval strategies, in P.V.'s case unimpaired, are applied.

TL;DR: It was concluded that sex differences in cognitive ability and the etiology of male homosexuality may have a common biological base, leading to the prediction that in terms of cognitive ability homosexual males (HmM) would resemble heterosexual females (HtF) rather than heterosexual males ( HtM).

TL;DR: It is theorized here that attentional disorder impedes automatization of number facts; and, inasmuch as RD children receive adverse attention ratings, they, as well as ADD and H/ADD boys, exhibit this deficiency.

TL;DR: The view that an encoding disability is a contributor to amnesics' memory disorder is supported and a possible neuroanatomical correlate for impaired semantic encoding is suggested.

TL;DR: An attempt is made to evaluate the contribution of Harlow's treatment of Gage as well as the successive bearings which the case was thought to have on analyses of brain function, aphasia, and frontal lobe function.

TL;DR: A patient with a left occipital lesion who presented a peculiar behavioral dissociation was able to copy pictures but not to draw a simple object without a visual model; the relationship among the component parts was altered in drawings produced under the guidance of his mental representations.

TL;DR: The distribution of lesion sites is used to test the various hypotheses concerning the laterality of dreaming, and it is found that dreaming is lateralized to the left hemisphere in individuals with typical neurologic organization.

TL;DR: Differences between foveal and peripheral vision in a number of psychophysical tasks are described and whether the fovea and the periphery are specialized for different functions is considered.

TL;DR: From a purely perceptual viewpoint, the right visual field advantage observed in tasks using word stimuli is to be expected given the presence of systematic biases in favor of initial characters or features of words and the relationship between retinal eccentricity and visual acuity.

TL;DR: Two tachistoscopic studies on the lateralization of lip-read still photographs in normal right handers suggest that the right hemisphere could support some aspects of the processing of seen speech in normally hearing, normally lateralized individuals.

TL;DR: No relation between visual memory and resting rCMRglc was found, supporting the hypothesis that mental abilities are unrelated to resting brain metabolism unless both functions are influenced by disease.

TL;DR: This paper presents a critical analysis of one type of dual-task procedure, the lateralized concurrent activities paradigm, and methodological refinements in experimental design and analysis are suggested.

TL;DR: It can be argued that transfer of unilaterally presented visual stimuli occurs mainly at the temporal and parietal cortical level.

TL;DR: Drawing conclusions suggest that the simpler manual task of repetitive tapping of one key should be viewed as the method of choice in future dual-task studies.

TL;DR: In the first of two experiments the influence of imagery on the acquisition and recall of 14-word lists was studied using a free-recall paradigm, and the results question the importance of encoding deficits in the memorial dysfunctions associated with HD.

TL;DR: In a sample of 100 four-letter words, there was more information about the identity of the words in the first letter than in the last letter, but information asymmetry did not correlate with visual field differences in a lexical decision study.

TL;DR: Results revealed the fluent bilinguals to be bilateral and significantly different from other groups for native language tasks in English and a priori contrasts indicate that greater right- than left-hand disruption in concurrent tapping may be typical of monolinguals, but can be influenced by other factors.

TL;DR: The present article considers the assumptions involved in an explanation of visual half-field differences in terms of the visual acuity gradient and offers guidelines for the design of experiments using letters, faces, and words.

TL;DR: The presence of acuity gradients as a moderating variable in hemifield research is not in question, but their importance as a determinant of hem ifield differences is unclear.

TL;DR: It may be important to develop techniques for distinguishing retinal effects from higher order spatial ones, as hemifield differences may in some cases actually represent differences between the two sides of phenomenal space, and thus represent cerebral asymmetries at a relatively late stage in processing.

TL;DR: An argument is presented that a majority of published reports using this paradigm are, in fact, the same basic experiment and the similarity of many parameters over experiments constitutes a set of effects whose influence on interpretations are not determinable since these parameters are seldom varied.

TL;DR: The results suggest that spatial complexity does play a role in the emergence of the REA for speech, and the failure to find a relationship between speech and nonspeech tasks suggest that all perceptual asymmetries observed with dichotic stimuli cannot be accounted for by a single theoretical explanation.

TL;DR: Comparisons of four conditions differing in their use of fixation digits show that in the naming latency paradigm the requirement to remember and report fixation control digits significantly augments RVF superiority.