Showing papers in "Bulletin of Mathematical Biology in 2020"

TL;DR: A coarse taxonomy of models is discussed and the context and significance of the Imperial College and other models in contributing to the analysis of COVID-19 are explored.

TL;DR: An optimal control analysis of a mathematical model of SARS-CoV-2 transmission found that a major factor that differentiates strategies that prioritize lives saved versus reduced time under control is how quickly control is relaxed once social distancing restrictions expire in May 2020.

TL;DR: There is a frequent random hopping of phase trajectories between attracting basins of the attractors in the bistable zone and the confidence ellipse and confidence band are constructed to find the configurational arrangement of equilibria and a limit cycle, respectively.

TL;DR: Computational studies performed to compare the [Formula: see text] curves for cells grown as a two-dimensional monolayer and a cross section through a three-dimensional spheroid identified conditions (drug diffusivity, drug action mechanisms and cell proliferation capabilities) under which these curves differ significantly.

TL;DR: The numerical results obtained show that bet-hedging evolutionary strategies, whereby cells switch between oxidative and glycolytic phenotypes, can spontaneously emerge, and it is explained how these results can shed light on the evolutionary process that may underpin the emergence of phenotypic heterogeneity in vascularised tumours.

TL;DR: A differential equation model is developed that couples SIR-type disease dynamics with opinion dynamics and observes how the severity of an epidemic is influenced by the distribution of opinions at disease introduction, the relative rates of opinion and disease dynamics, and the amount of opinion amplification.

TL;DR: A spatially non-local cross-diffusion model of aggregation between multiple species with directed motion toward resource gradients is extended to include many species and more general kinds of dispersal and finds that for small spatial variations, there will be a combination of Turing patterns and patterning due to spatial forcing from the resources, whereas for large resource variations, spatial or spatiotemporal patterning can be modified greatly from what is predicted on homogeneous domains.

TL;DR: This work examines a continuum population model that incorporates threshold effects in the local growth mechanisms and shows that this model gives rise to a diverse family of Allee effects, and provides a comprehensive analysis of which choices of local growth mechanism give rise to specific Allee effect.

TL;DR: A brief synopsis of the agent-based modeling approach with an emphasis on its use to simulate biological systems, and a discussion of its role and limitations in both the biology and mathematics classrooms are presented.

TL;DR: A deterministic Zika model is built by introducing a piecewise smooth treatment recovery rate and it is proved that the model with LMRs is sensitive to parameters and initial conditions, which has important significance for control of Zika.

TL;DR: This work presents an equation learning methodology comprised of data denoising, equation learning, model selection and post-processing steps that infers a dynamical systems model from noisy spatiotemporal data and highlights how these results are informative for data-driven modeling-based tumor invasion predictions.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors extend the analysis to cells that change in size, showing that both shrinking and growing cells can lose their polarity, and further consider the feedback between mechanical tension, GTPase activation, and cell deformation in both static, growing, shrinking, and moving cells.

TL;DR: This work proves existence, uniqueness and global stability, and classify their qualitative shape depending on movement behavior, and applies the results to study the question why and under which conditions the total population abundance at steady state may exceed the total carrying capacity of the landscape.

TL;DR: This paper analyzes a game theoretical model of HepB dynamics that incorporates government-provided vaccination at birth coupled with voluntary retroactive vaccinations and finds that the optimal vaccination rates are almost independent of the vaccination coverage at birth.

TL;DR: This study shows the relevance of the presence of two time delays, which may lead to system stabilization, and accordingly a delayed model has been proposed.

TL;DR: Numerical investigation of this new model shows the importance of the interactions between pro-tumour TAMs and the fibrous ECM, highlighting the impact of the fibres on the spatial structure of solid tumour.

TL;DR: It is predicted that tumours in which different phenotypes coexist stably are more invasive than tumour in which phenotypes are spatially separated, since overall tumour growth is most extensive when both cell types can stably coexist.

TL;DR: In this article, the thickness, osmolarity and fluorescein concentration of the tear film for circular (spot) or linear (streak) tear film breakup were estimated by fitting to fluorescent intensity data recorded from normal subjects' tear films.

TL;DR: This work develops further the model introduced in Shuttleworth and Trucu and proposes a new modelling that captures the ECM fibres degradation not only at macro-scale in the bulk of the tumour but also explicitly in the micro-scale neighbourhood of the malignant interface as a consequence of the interactions with molecular fluxes of MDEs that exercise their spatial dynamics at the invasive edge ofThe tumour.

TL;DR: Some of the significant contributions made by mathematical models of tumour-induced and wound healing angiogenesis are highlighted and how advances in each field have been made using insights from the other are illustrated.

TL;DR: A discrete-time model of a spatially structured population and the effects of coupling when the local dynamics contain a strong Allee effect and overcompensation is presented and it is demonstrated how spatial structure can lead to long transients of persistence before the population goes extinct.

TL;DR: A perspective will review some of the changes to undergraduate biology education that have gained or are currently gaining momentum, becoming increasingly common in undergraduate biology classrooms, but there are still areas in need of improvement.

TL;DR: The finding that NPSS-traumatized platelets could result in quicker but more easily breakable blood clots at injury sites may explain why increased risks of thrombotic and bleeding complications occurred concurrently in patients implanted with BCMDs.

TL;DR: Development of open curricula that extend beyond the job certification rhetoric and combine data acumen with modeling, experimental, and computational methods through engaging projects, while also providing awareness and deep exploration of their societal implications are suggested.

TL;DR: It is posited that individuals are subject to both unbiased dispersal between patches and passive drift from one patch to another, depending upon the connectivity of patches.

TL;DR: Using matrix analysis, it is shown that the basic reproduction numbers are the same for these PDE models and their associated ODE models in several important cases that include, among others, a single infected compartment, constant diffusion rates, uniform diffusion patterns among the infected compartments, and partial diffusion in the system.

TL;DR: The proposed de Rham-Hodge paradigm has potential applications to subcellular organelles and the structure construction from medium- or low-resolution cryo-EM maps, and functional predictions from massive biomolecular datasets.

TL;DR: A review of existing models incorporating media in general and opportunities for social media to enhance traditional compartmental models so as to make the best use of this resource in controlling the spread of disease are highlighted.

TL;DR: It is shown that spatially inhomogeneous outcomes can present close to the switch from bistability to guaranteed resolution in the corresponding homogeneous model and how aberrant spatial mechanisms can play a role in the failure of inflammation to resolve.

TL;DR: A game-theoretic model of multilevel selection in which individuals competebased on their payoff and groups also compete based on the average payoff of group members is considered, which finds that lower-level selection casts a long shadow and there will always be fewer cooperators than optimal at steady state.