Showing papers in "Cancer in 1969"
TL;DR: Three hundred and three patients with benign solitary neurilemomas, or schwannomas, not associated with the classical type of von Recklinghausen's disease were studied, and it is proposed that a further study be undertaken to ascertain whether these patients are more prone to develop unrelated cancers.
Abstract: Three hundred and three patients with benign solitary neurilemomas, or schwannomas, not associated with the classical type of von Recklinghausen's disease were studied. One hundred and seventy-two were women and 131 were men. Forty-five percent of the tumors were seen in the extremities, and no specific area could be related to the development of these tumors. Approximately 9% of the tumors occurred in the soft tissues of the trunk and 14% in various unusual sites. Most patients were seen initially because of a painless mass; only 10 complained of pain radiating along the course of a peripheral nerve. One documented case of a malignant degeneration in a benign schwannoma has been reported. The treatment of a benign solitary neurilemoma is enucleation. Excision of a segment of a major peripheral nerve is contraindicated. The histologic features of benign peripheral nerve tumors were briefly described. The confusion regarding terminology has been discussed, and it is suggested that the term schwannoma be more frequently used. The lack of neurologic deficit in schwannomas arising in major peripheral nerves has been pointed out, and further studies have been suggested. The high association of malignant tumors in these patients has been discussed, and it is proposed that a further study be undertaken to ascertain whether these patients are more prone to develop unrelated cancers.
606 citations
TL;DR: In a series of 156 patients operated on for colonic and rectal carcinoma, 38 were shown to have hepatic metastases, and patients with elevated alkaline phosphatases at the time of operation had a shorter mean survival than those with normal values.
Abstract: In a series of 156 patients operated on for colonic and rectal carcinoma, 38 were shown to have hepatic metastases. Twenty-four of them died within 6 months, 30 within 12 months, and all except one within 18 months. The survival rate was not influenced by the age of the patient, location of the primary tumor or the type of palliative large bowel operation performed. The patients with elevated alkaline phosphatases at the time of operation had a shorter mean survival than those with normal values.
526 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that size may not necessarily relate to “earliness” or “lateness” of a tumor, nor is it as consequential to the fate of the patient as are other factors relative to the tumor and /or host that may be present from its inception and which determine the development of metastases.
Abstract: In this study we utilized information obtained from more than 2000 operable breast cancer patients who had been entered since 1957 into the National Breast Project by 45 institutions. The purpose was to further evaluate the concept that the size of breast neoplasms influences patient prognosis. Only 5% of patients had tumors smaller than 1.0 cm, 48% were larger than 2.9 cm, and 28% exceeded 4.0 cm. The findings, when compared with those previously reported by others, suggest that little progress has been made since about 1950 relative to the removal of smaller breast tumors. Since these data are probably more nearly representative of the size of breast tumors at surgery in this country during the past decade than most other data that are available, they provide a baseline for the evaluation of the worth of a variety of recently employed and proposed diagnostic procedures. Results obtained categorically agree with current thinking that the larger the tumor the more likely that axillary nodes will be positive, that 4 or more rather than 1-3 nodes will be involved, and tumor recurrence and mortality rates will be greater. Such an unqualified statement, however, is an oversimplification of the findings, provides no indication of the magnitude of recurrence and mortality differences to be anticipated from tumors of various sizes, and should be accepted only with reservation. It is speculated, as a result of the data presented and certain assumptions, that if all tumors 2.0 cm or larger (70% of the total) had been removed when they were 1.0-1.9 cm in size, at the end of 5 years the recurrence rate for all patients entered might have only decreased by 10-18%, and the overall survival might have increased 11-20%. From certain considerations and the results obtained, it is concluded that size may not necessarily relate to “earliness” or “lateness” of a tumor, nor is it as consequential to the fate of the patient as are other factors relative to the tumor and /or host that may be present from its inception and which determine the development of metastases. Such a conclusion does not deprecate effort toward earlier diagnosis and tumor removal. It does emphasize, however, that the reasons for such an endeavor may be different from those generally considered at present.
460 citations
TL;DR: Detailed histologic study of 45 cancerous prostate glands in 134 autopsies provided new information on the natural history of prostatic carcinoma, suggesting a gradual increase in biologic malignant potential which is closely linked to tumor size.
Abstract: Detailed histologic study of 45 cancerous prostate glands in 134 autopsies provided new information on the natural history of prostatic carcinoma. Origin of carcinoma was limited to one of two histologically distinct regions, but with no apparent predilection for the “posterior lobe” or sub capsular area. Carcinoma selectively originated from active gland epithelium rather than a trophic glands, and distinctive premalignant changes accompanied its origin. Evidence from volume distribution data suggests that there are not two types of prostatic carcinoma with different biologic potential, but a single species having slow growth rate with a logarithmic growth curve. The development of carcinoma in the gland follows predictable patterns, including early involvement of the capsule and perineural spaces. The later course of tumor growth is characterized by loss of differentiation and the ability to penetrate the capsule and periurethral stroma. This suggests a gradual increase in biologic malignant potential which is closely linked to tumor size. Probably the capacity for distant metastasis is almost limited to large carcinomas, and penetration of the gland capsule may be the most important predisposing factor.
395 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that laparotomy with splenectomy is a valuable procedure for the more precise delineation of intra‐abdominal sites of involvement in Hodgkin's disease prior to the initiation of extended field megavoltage radiation therapy with curative intent.
Abstract: Experience with 65 patients with biopsy-proven Hodgkin's disease who were subjected to laparotomy, splenectomy, liver biopsy, and para-aortic lymph node biopsy is presented. There were no major complications. Histologic findings in the para-aortic nodes, liver, and spleen are presented. A general correlation was observed between the occurrence of systemic symptoms and the extent of involvement below the diaphragm. There was no instance of liver involvement without concomitant splenic involvement. It is concluded that laparotomy with splenectomy is a valuable procedure for the more precise delineation of intra-abdominal sites of involvement in Hodgkin's disease prior to the initiation of extended field megavoltage radiation therapy with curative intent.
393 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that perhaps dietary fat influences the make‐up of the bacterial flora and thus affects the pathogenesis of cancer of the colon.
Abstract: This is an epidemiological study of 107 patients with large bowel cancer and 307 control patients interviewed in Japan. Colon cancer is significantly less common in Japan, but rectal cancer is as common in Japan as it is in the United States. Japanese patients with cancer of the colon have a higher socioeconomic status than rectal cancer patients. Associated with the higher status is a more Western style diet. It is suggested that perhaps dietary fat influences the make-up of the bacterial flora and thus affects the pathogenesis of cancer of the colon. No significant relationship was found to medical and surgical diseases nor to the cholesterol and weight levels.
356 citations
TL;DR: Two cell lines were derived from an embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma and each line consisted of 2 cytologic types resembling those of the original tumor—spindle cells and large multinucleated cells.
Abstract: Two cell lines were derived from an embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. Cells of both lines grew as monolayers in liquid medium and formed colonies in agar medium. Each line consisted of 2 cytologic types resembling those of the original tumor—spindle cells and large multinucleated cells. No myofibrils could be demonstrated in the cells by light or by electron microscopy nor were virus particles detected. Cells of both lines probably contained myosin-ATPase and cells of line #2 contained myoglobin. Chromosome studies of cell line #1 revealed a stem-line of 51 chromosomes with a consistent karyotype. Three passages of cell line #2 were studied, and no evidence of a stem-line was noted. Chromosome counts ranged from 45 to 170, and consistent marker chromosomes in most cells were present in the form of large metacentrics in the C group.
302 citations
TL;DR: An epidemiologic house‐to‐house survey of oral cancer and lcukoplakia among 50,915 adult villagers in 4 states of India which were selected according to various types of chewing and smoking habits showed variations in the type of hyperkeratosis which may depend upon habits.
Abstract: Results of an epidemiologic house-to-house survey of oral cancer and leukoplakia among 50915 adult villagers in 4 states of India which were selected according to various types of chewing and smoking habits are presented. 26 oral cancer cases were found in the survey. There was a predominance of men. Leukoplakias were already observed in the 15-24 year old age group and a considerable number were in the 25-34-year age group. Intra-oral locations of the leukoplakias were found to vary within the 4 states depending on the chewing and smoking habits prevailing. The leukoplakias were analyzed with regard to intra-oral locations and correlation with habits. Special habits such as hookli smoking and reverse smoking were associated with leukoplakias on the labial mucosa and on the palate respectively. The histologic analysis of biopsies from 723 leukoplakias showed variations in the type of hyperkeratosis which may depend on habits. The prevalence of epithelial atypia ranged from 3-12.4% in the 4 states. Epithelial atypia was seen in 8.4% of homogeneous leukoplakias but in 59.1% of speckled leukoplakias.(BJB (AU. MOD.))
206 citations
199 citations
TL;DR: Forty unselected adults with acute leukemia were treated with CA by daily rapid intravenous injection and TG orally, causing moderate or severe pancytopenia and marrow hypoplasia in all but 3 patients treated.
Abstract: Forty unselected adults with acute leukemia were treated with CA (2–3 mg/kg) by daily rapid intravenous injection and TG (2.5 mg/kg) orally. Two patients were judged to have had an inadequate trial, having died after 3 and 4 days. Of 38 adequately treated patients, 2 had acute lymphoblastic and 36 acute myeloblastic, monoblastic, or myelomonoblastic leukemia. Twenty-eight patients had had previous chemotherapy (19 with either CA or 6-MP alone) but had failed to respond or had relapsed and were refractory. The 38 adequately treated patients had 1 or more courses of CA and TG of 8–32 days each as limited by individual tolerance. The drugs caused moderate or severe pancytopenia and marrow hypoplasia in all but 3 patients treated. Twenty-one of 38 patients had remission with M-1 marrows lasting an average 6 (1.5–13) months with 6 patients still in remission. Seventeen of 21 patients had H-1 peripheral blood ratings (normal platelet, leukocyte and hemoglobin values) and 4 had H-2 ratings, all because of low hemoglobin. Twenty patients in remission were given maintenance therapy; the dosage varied but is currently TG 2.5 mg/kg 4–5x/wk + CA 2–3 mg/kg 1-2x/wk.
196 citations
TL;DR: The microscopic picture varied, but in most cases recognition was readily accomplished on the basis of the characteristic pseudoalveolar pattern and the presence of differentiated rhabdomyoblasts and multinucleated giant cells having peripherally placed nuclei.
Abstract: A series of 110 cases of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma was reviewed. The neoplasms chiefly occurred in young patients between 10 and 20 years of age and were most common in the muscles of the forearms, the hands, and the perirectal and perineal regions. The microscopic picture varied, but in most cases recognition was readily accomplished on the basis of the characteristic pseudoalveolar pattern and the presence of differentiated rhabdomyoblasts and multinucleated giant cells having peripherally placed nuclei. Solid or medullary portions of undifferentiated tumor cells closely mimicking a malignant lymphoma occurred in about half the cases. Follow-up information was obtained in 102 patients. Ninety-four (92%) had died from widespread metastasis within the first 4 years after the diagnosis had been made. Seventy-four of the 94 patients had died during the first year, most with evidence of metastasis to the regional lymph nodes and the lung. (Median actuarial survival, 83 3/4 months.) In several instances, lymph node metastasis led to the detection of the primary tumor. Prognosis and the management of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma are discussed and analyzed on the basis of the actuarial survival rates.
TL;DR: The present study was undertaken to demonstrate this curious variant of malignant angioendothelioma in childhood, which has a limited degree of malignancy.
Abstract: This paper describes 6 instances of a peculiar malignant angioendothelioma of the skin in children. Microscopically, the neoplasm is characterized by remarkable, bizarre, intravascular papillary proliferations of atypical endothelium. The tumor is locally invasive and has a potential to metastasize. In spite of this, as far as we know, none of the children have died. All our patients are living and well, free from recurrence and metastases 4 to 16 years after last surgical treatment. The present study was undertaken to demonstrate this curious variant of malignant angioendothelioma in childhood, which has a limited degree of malignancy.
TL;DR: The skin thickening which is often noted mammographically in association with carcinoma has been shown to be the result of an increase in dermal collagen, whether or not dilatation of dermal lymphatics is also present.
Abstract: The first 38 specimens in a series of carcinomas of the breast studied by correlated mammography and subserial whole organ sectioning are reported. Three specific patterns of tumor growth have been identified and their mammographic appearances described. Intramammary spread of carcinoma has been observed to occur both intraductally and by way of periductal lymphatics. Extensive neoplastic transformation of ductal epithelium and multiplicity of invasive sites have been found frequently. Diffuse or multiple origin has been clearly demonstrated in three fourths of the specimens. The skin thickening which is often noted mammographically in association with carcinoma has been shown to be the result of an increase in dermal collagen, whether or not dilatation of dermal lymphatics is also present. An increase in the collagen of stroma of the breast has also been encountered regularly and is often visible in mammograms. Three specimens containing metastases from previously removed contralateral primaries have permitted observations of the distribution of intramammary lymphatic vessels.
TL;DR: The pathology, clinical course, and microscopic appearance of aneurysmal bone cyst are discussed with emphasis on details which distinguish this entity from similar tumors.
Abstract: The pathology, clinical course, and microscopic appearance of aneurysmal bone cyst are discussed with emphasis on details which distinguish this entity from similar tumors. The radiologic appearance is briefly described and roentgenograms of 13 tumors at different stages of development are presented. The problem of pathogenesis is discussed.
TL;DR: The results reported here indicate that women with known genital herpetic infection should be followed closely as a special group with an increased risk of developing cervical anaplastic changes.
Abstract: During a 5 1/2 year period 245 patients at Grady Memorial Hospital had cytologic evidence of an active genital herpetic infection. Cervical biopsies obtained in 98 of these patients showed a 23.7% incidence (58 cases) of cervical anaplasia including 4 cases of invasive and 12 cases of in situ squamous cell carcinoma. This is in contrast with the 1.6% overall incidence of cervical anaplasia among a control group of 245 apparently noninfected women of similar age and background and the 2.7% incidence found in the total 56418 women screened during this period. These findings suggest that either similar factors operate independently to produce both conditions or that the venereally transmitted (type 2) genital herpesvirus plays some etiologic role in precancerous and cancerous cervical lesions. Findings supporting 1 or the other theory are presented; however there is no firm conclusion which can be drawn. In either case the results reported here indicate that women with known genital herpetic infection should be followed closely as a special group with an increased risk of developing cervical anaplastic changes. (authors)
TL;DR: The findings in this study suggest that more intensive study of the dynamic interactions between cancer and the lymphoicticulocndothelial system will provide insight into the behavior of human cancer.
Abstract: A series of nearly 900 Norwegian women with cancer of the breast provides further evidence of the prognostic significance of the structural characteristics of the tumor and the lymph nodes, e.g., nuclear grade and sinus histiocytosis. The percentage of patients with evidence of a histiocytic reaction in the lymph nodes was found to depend on the number of nodes examined. Among patients with at least 6 nodes available for review, one third exhibited a histiocytic reaction. In the group in which 6 or more nodes were examined, the percentage of nodes with metastases is a powerful prognostic factor. In the presence of at least one favorable factor, such as a small tumor, histiocytic reaction in the nodes, or favorable nuclear grade, the survival of patients with metastases in less than one third of the axillary nodes is similar to survival of patients with no nodal metastases. The relationship of histologic type to other structural characteristics was investigated. Mucinous tumors had a high percentage with favorable nuclear grade. Medullary tumors had a high percentage with unfavorable nuclear grade, but the influence of this factor on survival was counterbalanced by the presence of lymphoid infiltrate in the tumor. The findings in this study suggest that more intensive study of the dynamic interactions between cancer and the lymphoicticulocndothelial system will provide insight into the behavior of human cancer.
TL;DR: It is difficult to escape the conclusion that extraskeletal sites in myeloma represent true metastases rather than autochthonous multifocal growths.
Abstract: This study analyzes the extraskeletal spread in 57 consecutively autopsied cases of multiple myeloma. Three stages of spread were recognized: stage I in which myeloma nodules were grossly confined to the skeleton; stage II with extraskeletal spread grossly confined to adjoining paraskeletal tissues; stage III with gross spread to distant sites. Extraskeletal gross or microscopic myeloma infiltrates were present in 65% of cases in this series. In stage I, microscopic infiltrates were found in 34% of cases. In addition to the gross lesions seen in stage III, all stage II and III cases showed distant microscopic tumor infiltrates. The commonest sites of these were the spleen, liver, lymph nodes and kidneys. Patients with the longest duration of illness tended to have the most widespread extramedullary involvement. Patients dying with stage III lesions tended to have a higher proportion of poorly differentiated tumor as compared to patients with stage I and II. Because of evidence of intravascular and “linear” spread in paravertebral connective tissues and because of involvement of sites other than lymphoreticular organs, it is difficult to escape the conclusion that extraskeletal sites in myeloma represent true metastases rather than autochthonous multifocal growths.
TL;DR: Lesions of cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia fall into lymphoreticular, granulomatous, and follicular histopathologic patterns, depending on the nature of the infiltrate.
Abstract: Observations on 193 patients with 225 biopsied lesions showing heavy lymphoid infiltrates in the skin are presented. Lesions of cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia are compared with those of cutaneous malignant lymphoma, and histopathologic criteria for their separation are discussed. The benign lesions could usually be separated from the malignant ones by a higher incidence of epidermal, stromal, and vascular abnormalities and by the presence of a polymorphous cellular infiltrate of well-differentiated cells. Lesions of cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia fall into lymphoreticular, granulomatous, and follicular histopathologic patterns, depending on the nature of the infiltrate. The malignant potential of cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia is low, but rare examples of the association of the malignant with the benign have been recorded.
TL;DR: The unusual cellular trait—IgM specificity—being present on both the biopsy and its derived cell line, indicates the representativeness of the culture line for the in‐vivo tumor in this case.
Abstract: Thirty-five cell lines were established from 47 Burkitt lymphoma biopsies. In different biopsies the modal cell size was found to vary and the tumor was often built up by larger cells if the patients received chemotherapy. In all cases the predominant cell size shifted towards larger values during cultivation. All cells in three biopsies from one patient and in the culture lines derived showed surface reactivity with anti-IgM and antikappa light chain reagents. This trait was maintained in all three lines for about 21 weeks but was lost thereafter. A fourth biopsy—taken after the patient had been treated with cytosine arabinoside—did not have this immunoglobulin reactivity. Chromosomal analysis revealed that one of the IgM reactive lines had 46 as stemline number and normal diploid karyotype, while the nonreactive line had 47 as stemline number with an extra C chromosome in addition to the normal male karyotype. One or two C chromosomes, corresponding in size with pair 10 were formed as markers with subterminal constriction on their long arms. The unusual cellular trait—IgM specificity—being present on both the biopsy and its derived cell line, indicates the representativeness of the culture line for the in-vivo tumor in this case.
TL;DR: The operability rate and resectability rate for bronchogenic cancer are almost as high as for epidermoid carcinoma; others have reported much lower rates.
Abstract: All cases seen during the 11 years from 1956 through 1966 are reviewed. They comprised 10% of the bronchogenic cancer population. Males predominated 19:1. There was no positive correlation with cigarette smoking. In most of the patients symptoms were present less than 3 months before diagnosis. Only four patients (3.0%) had overt hypercoticism. Histologic confirmation was easily obtained; bronchoscopic biopsy was positive in 60% of the cases. Our operability rate (60%) and resectability rate (27%) are almost as high as for epidermoid carcinoma; others have reported much lower rates. There are two 5-year survivors, the only asymptomatic patients in the series. In both, the tumor already had prominent vascular invasion, and one had regional lymph node involvement. The survival rate was 5.4% of the resected patients and 1.4% of the total group.
TL;DR: Clinical correlation with tumor treatment and recurrence suggests that the tumors elaborate a substance with parathyroid hormone activity, and immunochemical and physicochemical data indicate a close similarity to, or identity with, parathyro hormone.
Abstract: Seventy-three cases of hyperparathyroidism associated with malignant tumors of nonparathyroid origin, including 9 previously unpublished cases, are reviewed. Clinical correlation with tumor treatment and recurrence suggests that the tumors elaborate a substance with parathyroid hormone activity. Immunochemical and physicochemical data indicate a close similarity to, or identity with, parathyroid hormone. The hypothesis is advanced that the mechanism of production of a substance with parathyroid hormone activity by nonparathyroid neoplasms is a process of derepression of the coded genetic sequence that specifies synthesis of parathyroid hormone. This hypothesis leads to the predictions that such neoplastic cells are prepared with the protein synthetic machinery to produce the specified polypeptide structure and that the most probable polypeptide sequence for the substance is one identical with parathyroid hormone. An unexplained histologic association of chemical hyperparathyroidism with squamous cell and of hyperadrenocorticism with oat cell carcinoma of the lung is emphasized.
TL;DR: Among the gynecologic findings, the ovarian cancer patient gave a more frequent history of heavy menstrual bleeding and earlier menopause than the control group, and a trend for more ovarian cancer patients to have dysmenorrhea is suggested.
Abstract: Etiology and epidemiology are often intertwined. Therefore an introductory discussion is devoted to these subjects.
TL;DR: Midline malignant reticulosis may have a better prognosis than malignant lymphoma of the nasal cavity when treated with tumoricidal doses of irradiation and Wegener's granulomatosis may respond to immunosuppresive drugs.
Abstract: “Lethal midline granuloma” should be only a clinical term for rapidly evolving destructive lesions of the nose and the deep facial tissues. Such clinical presentation—after specific infections and carcinomas have been excluded—may occur in 3 different clinicopathologic entities: midline malignant reticulosis (polymorphic reticulosis), Wegener's granulomatosis, and malignant lymphoma of one of the accepted histologic types. One representative case of each of these is reported here, histologic criteria for differential diagnosis are outlined, and the literature is reviewed. Midline malignant reticulosis is defined as a lymphoproliferative disorder involving initially the nasal and the paranasal soft and bony parts and capable of later dissemination. Treatment should be based on the pathologic diagnosis made on viable biopsy tissue. Midline malignant reticulosis may have a better prognosis than malignant lymphoma of the nasal cavity when treated with tumoricidal doses of irradiation. On the other hand, Wegener's granulomatosis may respond to immunosuppresive drugs.
TL;DR: It would appear unnecessary to perform neck dissection in patients with verrucous‐type oral tumors who have a history of chewing tobacco and poor oral hygiene, and radiation therapy should be used in advanced verrucal‐type lesions in which surgery is difficult or not feasible.
Abstract: Verrucous-type oral tumors have been reviewed. This variety of epidermoid carcinoma of the oral cavity presents as a warty growth in patients who have a history of chewing tobacco and poor oral hygiene. They are slow-growing, locally invasive, and do not metastasize to lymph nodes in our experience. In five of these patients, the microscopic pattern was that of a well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. The others presented the classical histologic pattern of verrucous carcinoma. No difference was found in the behavior of these two groups. Three cases developed anaplastic transformation after irradiation and surgery. A change in the clinical behavior of the tumor was observed in these patients and all three died. There is some possibility that ionizing radiations could be the trigger mechanism in this transformation. The authors feel that surgery is the treatment of choice in early or easily resectable lesions. It would appear unnecessary to perform neck dissection in these patients. Radiation therapy should be used in advanced verrucal-type lesions in which surgical resection is difficult or not feasible. These patients require frequent and careful observation. The authors believe that this entity deserves further investigation.
TL;DR: While the relatively small doses of radiation reaching the contralateral lung are usually innocuous, certain patients are hyperreactive and respond with a severe diffuse radiation pneumonitis.
Abstract: Acute radiation pneumonitis lacks any single pathognomonic morphologic feature, but is a diagnosis made from a combination of alveolar septal thickening, proliferation and desquamation of atypical septal cells, hyaline membrane formation, and pulmonary vascular changes. The pathogenesis of radiation pneumonitis is poorly understood. Total radiation dosage, total volume irradiated, and duration of therapy are significant factors but cannot explain all cases. Seven autopsied cases of bilateral radiation pneumonitis following megavoltage therapy for lung carcinoma are reported and analyzed. The use of extensive fields, or of rotational technique, necessitated irradiation of a large volume of lung tissue. The inaccuracy of calculated dosimetry, coupled with possible errors in port placement can result in much higher bilateral radiation doses than anticipated. Infection, by increasing absorption of radiation, probably causes an increased susceptibility to radiation pneumonitis. While the relatively small doses of radiation reaching the contralateral lung are usually innocuous, certain patients are hyperreactive and respond with a severe diffuse radiation pneumonitis.
TL;DR: It is believed that the cells of this tumor mimic those of the eccrine sweat duct and have designated the entity as eccrine acrospiroma, which is readily differentiated from other sweat gland tumors.
Abstract: Three hundred and nineteen examples of a histologically distinctive sweat gland tumor, the acrospiroma, are presented. The tumor occurs as a single mass in the skin and is nodular and solid or cystic. The color varies from that of the surrounding skin to red or reddish blue, and the covering skin may be smooth or thickened and verrucous. The tumors are rarely painful, and a serous or hemorrhagic fluid may drain spontaneously from them. They may recur but rarely undergo malignant change. Clinically, the tumors lack diagnostic specificity, but they should be included in the differential diagnosis of nodular and cystic lesions of the skin. Histologically, the acrospiroma is readily differentiated from other sweat gland tumors, but frequently it is confused with lesions of a metastatic renal cell carcinoma and sometimes with lesions of squamous cell carcinoma. On the basis of histologic and histochemical studies, we believe that the cells of this tumor mimic those of the eccrine sweat duct and have designated the entity as eccrine acrospiroma.
TL;DR: The wives of the penile carcinoma group developed 8 cases of epidermoid carcinoma of the cervix uteri in contrast with none among the control wives.
Abstract: This study was conducted to seek the frequency in Puerto Rico of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix among wives of 889 men with the diagnosis of epidermoid carcinoma of the penis, and the sequence and intervals between the 2 diagnoses in comparison with a matched group. The wives of the penile carcinoma group developed 8 cases of epidermoid carcinoma of the cervix uteri in contrast with none among the control wives. Carcinomas of the cervix were diagnosed later and in earlier stage than the penile carcinomas.
TL;DR: The fine structure of two glomus tumors are described, and the similarity between smooth muscle andglomus cells is emphasized.
Abstract: The fine structure of two glomus tumors are described, and the similarity between smooth muscle and glomus cells are emphasized. The common features include numerous myofibrils, peripheral vesicles, fusiform condensations, and prominent attachment bodies.
TL;DR: Patients who smoke heavily before developing cancer are more likely to develop second, primary tumors, and continued smoking after initial diagnosis or radiation therapy for the first primary is associated with an increased frequency of second primary tumors.
Abstract: In a retrospective investigation of 104 patients with multiple primary tumors of the upper alimentary and respiratory tracts, the data suggest that patients who smoke heavily before developing cancer are more likely to develop second, primary tumors. Continued smoking after initial diagnosis or radiation therapy for the first primary is associated with an increased frequency of second primary tumors. Discontinuance of smoking and drinking after the first primary provides no assurance against the development of a second primary cancer.
TL;DR: It is concluded that the multicentric origin cannot be established in osteogenic sarcomata in 2 adolescent girls reported with multiple, almost simultaneously arising tumors suggesting the possibility of multiple de novo growths.
Abstract: Osteogenic sarcomata in 2 adolescent girls are reported with multiple, almost simultaneously arising tumors suggesting the possibility of multiple de novo growths. However, in both patients reported here, as well as those from the literature, the first noted tumor was larger than a second symmetrically located lesion. The natural history of other multiple osteogenic sarcomas is reviewed illustrating a remarkable variability of clinical course including a relatively low grade but miliary osteogenic sarcoma in adults and the more typical metastatic osteogenic sarcoma. An age and sex difference is suggested. It is concluded that the multicentric origin cannot be established.