Showing papers in "Chemosphere in 1999"

TL;DR: From these 2 parameters it could be seen that air drying resulted in a minor increase of more humified material in DOM while the effect of oven drying was mainly due to cell lysis.

TL;DR: The possible relations found between some specific soil trace elements, such as Cd, Se, As and others, and cancer incidence and mortality, and diffusion of other important human diseases are reviewed.

TL;DR: In this paper, a database of chemical composition of produced water from offshore oil production platforms was collected during the period of October 1995 to August 1996 and analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and phenols by gas chromatography with a mass-spectrometric detector.

TL;DR: The reducing degradation kinetics of five azo dyes affected by zero-valent iron powder in aqueous solution showed that the degradation is a two-step reaction, with the first step being reversible.

TL;DR: In this article, the degradation of eight azo dyes in basic medium, studying the influence of various amounts of TiO2 and different light sources, a medium pressure (400 W) and a low pressure (16 W) Hg vapour lamps and lamps for household purposes.

TL;DR: Scanning electron microscopy coupled with X-ray dispersion analysis shows that Pb2+ has exchanged with K+ and Ca2+ on the cell wall of Mucor rouxii, thereby suggesting ion exchange as one of the dominant mechanisms of metal biosorption for this fungal strain.

TL;DR: The differences in bioavailable metal contents measured in sediments were utilized to explain the different contents of metals in mussels collected in the corresponding sites.

TL;DR: The most important and recent investigations performed with this species in toxicology and ecotoxicology are focused on, based on cell growth rate, biochemical markers, behavioral changes and motility.

TL;DR: In this article, an internally consistent set of temperature dependent physical-chemical property data was derived for 73 persistent organic pollutants, including polychlorinated biphenyls, diphenylethers, dibenzo-p-dioxins, and dibenzofurans, organochlorinated pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

TL;DR: In this paper, the photodegradation and biodegradability of commercial azo dyes, including Reactive YellowKD-3G, Reactive Red 15, reactive red 24, Cationic Blue X-GRL, was investigated.

TL;DR: The degradation, by several advanced oxidation reactions, of a pulp mill ECF bleaching effluent, was studied and the O3/UV system appears as the most efficient in to transform the organic matter to more biodegradable forms.

TL;DR: An extensive and comprehensive literature review has been conducted for compounds which are hypothesise could be present in sludge and maintain their integrity following application to agricultural land as mentioned in this paper, and the following compounds have been selected for review; chlorinated paraffins, quintozene, brominated diphenyl ethers, polychlorinated naphthalenes, polydimethylsiloxanes, chloronitrobenzenes, and a range of biologically active and pharmaceutical compounds.

TL;DR: To quantify the leaching of bisphenol A into water, various samples of plastic waste were cut into small pieces, soaked in water for two weeks at room temperature in the dark, and the concentration in the water determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS).

TL;DR: Three processes were studied for degradation of an anthraquinone dye (C.I. reactive blue-19) and maximum decolorization degrees of about 30% are insignificant in relation to theDecolorization degree achieved by the other processes.

TL;DR: The chronic bioluminescence inhibition assay with Vibrio fischeri is shown to be sensitive against many of the high volume antibiotics used for veterinary purposes and in aquaculture, and may be a valuable tool for an effects assessment and biomonitoring of these xenobiotics.

TL;DR: Emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds from the dominant vegetation species were sampled by enclosing branches in bag enclosure systems and sampling the equilibrium head space onto multi-stage solid adsorbent cartridges.

TL;DR: Higher levels of organochlorine pollutants were detected in sediments from the middle and lower parts of the stream where are located the main important inputs in Ebro River.

TL;DR: An inventory of microbial metabolites will allow identification of potential health hazards due to an exposure to fungal propagules and metabolites in the workplace and species-specific volatiles may serve as marker compounds for the selective detection of fungal species in indoor domestic and working environments.

TL;DR: The authors quantifies the variation in sorption behavior of the herbicide glyphosate and the fungicide prochloraz to a sandy loam soil, arising from differences in pH, ionic strength, ortho-phosphate concentration, and dominant cation in solution (Ca2+, K+, NH4+).

TL;DR: In this article, an internal standard Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) technique is described that allows the quantitative comparison of specific IR absorption bands among different humic substances, providing compositional information on the functional groups present in humic compounds.

TL;DR: Mass loading calculations demonstrated that urban runoff is a significant source of the metals observed in the sediments, and that PAH and DDT sediment loadings could, in some cases, be accounted for by urban runoff.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluate the important physical-chemical factors determining the sorption of dissolved organic matter (DOM) onto natural soil and find that DOM sorption on soil is largely due to ligand exchange between DOM and hydroxyl groups on the soil mineral surface.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of initial pH and hydrogen peroxide dosage on the treatment efficiency of benzoic acid at an initial pH of 3.2 was higher than at initial pHs of 6.0 and 10.0; this can be partly explained by reductive dissolution of γ-FeOOH.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the logarithm of the particle/gas partition coefficients (Kp) with the inverse mean ambient temperature (r2 > 0.9 in most cases) in order to establish the baseline contamination of the environment prior to the start of a new municipal incinerator.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors collected soil cores from undisturbed soils at four locations in the UK and analyzed for PCBs, PAHs and soil organic carbon, finding that PCBs and PAH concentrations peaked at or just below the soil surface and declined with depth.

TL;DR: In this article, the rates of degradation of organic compounds by several AOPs (H2O2/UV, Fe(III)/UV and Fe(II)/H 2O2) have been compared.

TL;DR: The previous national UK emission estimates by Eduljee and Dyke for 1993 have been revised downwards to 220-660 g I-TEQ a(-1) and new data on the dioxin-like PCB emissions are presented for cement kilns and sinter plants, showing that TEQ-rated PCBs can make an important contribution to the I- TEQ emitted from certain combustion sources.

TL;DR: The quantitative data on adsorption performance of pectins suggest their applicability as food additives or remedies for efficient removal of Pb2+, Cu2+, Co2+, and Ni2+ ions from different biological systems, including human and animal organisms.

TL;DR: In this paper, mixed and pure bacterial cultures of polar origin were incubated in model experiments under polar conditions, and the releasing rates of monomethyl and dimethyl mercury (MeHg+ and Me2Hg), trimethyl lead (Me3Pb+), and monometrichyl cadmium (MeCd+) were determined in dependence on the incubation time.

TL;DR: The results suggest that inactive metabolites of steroids are very readily biotransformed into biologically active oestrogens.