Showing papers in "Chest in 2001"

TL;DR: The mainstay treatment for atrial fibrillation is Coumadin Aspirin Reinfarction, but the use of aspirin for other reasons is also being considered.

TL;DR: This chapter will review the mechanisms of action of heparin and LMWHs, their pharmacokinetics, anticoagulant effects, side effects, and laboratory monitoring, and the results of clinical trials will be discussed.

TL;DR: The use of opinion was made explicit by employing a structured questionnaire, appropriateness scores, and consensus scores with a Delphi technique to be relevant to physicians who make management decisions for the care of patients with pneumothorax.

TL;DR: Measurement properties of the 6MWT have been the most extensively researched and established and is currently the test of choice when using a functional walk test for clinical or research purposes.

TL;DR: The Discontinuing Ventilatory Support : A Evidence-Based Guidelines for Weaning and http://chestjournal.org services can be found online on the World Wide Web at: The online version of this article, along with updated information and ).

TL;DR: Evidence is reviews the evidence that indicates that an organized approach to anticoagulant management leads to better outcomes and focuses on dosing management and models of care.

TL;DR: Analysis of respiratory changes in aortic blood velocity is an accurate method for predicting the hemodynamic effects of volume expansion in septic shock patients receiving mechanical ventilation who have preserved left ventricular systolic function.

TL;DR: Clinical use of vasopressin should await a randomized controlled trial of its effects on clinical outcomes such as organ failure and mortality, because clinical studies have been relatively small, focused on physiologic end points, and because of potential adverse effects of vasipressin.

TL;DR: This review focuses on bleomycin-induced pneumonitis, especially on the pathogenesis, risk factors, and its detection.

TL;DR: Among the associated risk factors, patients with anxiety and sleep-disordered breathing have a higher number of risk factors for sleep bruxism, and this must raise concerns about the future of these individuals.

TL;DR: Induced-sputum analysis in persistent asthma identifies two different inflammatory patterns, the most common pattern is noneosinophilic, associated with a neutrophil influx and activation, which may be mediated by IL-8 secretion.

TL;DR: Increasing BMI and age were associated with SDB, although factors other than adiposity may also have an important pathogenic role in OSA in Chinese subjects.

TL;DR: This overview is targeted at ICU physicians to convince them that the principles of infection control in the ICU are based on simple concepts and that the application of preventive strategies should not be viewed as an administrative or constraining control of their activity but, rather, as basic measures that are easy to implement at the bedside.

TL;DR: Levels of circulating ET-1 might become a prognostic marker for patients with PPH and serve as a tool for the selection of patients who may benefit from treatment with ET-receptor antagonists.

TL;DR: Pulmonary carcinoid is an uncommon tumor in the Israeli population and with early diagnosis and aggressive surgical therapy, long-term prognosis is excellent.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors identified 65 observational studies of weaning predictors that had been reported in 70 publications, and grouped predictors with similar names but different thresholds, and the following predictors met their relevance criteria: heterogeneous populations, 51; COPD patients, 21; and cardiovascular ICU patients, 45.

TL;DR: The role of fluoroquinolones in the empiric treatment of nosocomial infections is also being limited by new resistance patterns and increasing resistance levels as discussed by the authors, and the use of these agents may allow overgrowth of inherently resistant enterococci.

TL;DR: The administration of blood derivatives, mainly RBCs, was associated in a dose-dependent manner with the development of SPIs, primarily nosocomial pneumonia.

TL;DR: In North America, primary-care physicians underdiagnosed COPD, particularly in women, and spirometry reduces the risk of underdiagnosis and gender bias but is underused.

TL;DR: Patients with OSAS and chronic respiratory insufficiency had in most cases an associated OHS or COPD, suggesting that OHS is an autonomous disease.

TL;DR: The prognosis for the medically treated CPE patients, particularly those with pulmonary hypertension, was unfavorable, and the prognostic factors for these patients were mPAP, coexistence of COPD, and severe exercise intolerance.

TL;DR: After patients recovering from respiratory failure have successfully completed an SBT, factors affecting airway competence, such as cough strength and amount of endotracheal secretions, may be important predictors of extubation outcomes.

TL;DR: In addition to the eosinophilic airway inflammation observed in patients with asthma, smoking induces neutrophilicAirway inflammation; a relationship is apparent between smoking history, airwayinflammation, and lung function in smoking asthmatics.

TL;DR: The clinical utility and economical benefit of overnight pulse oximetry in sleep and breathing disorders in adults and controversies regarding its limitations as presented in published studies are outlined.

TL;DR: It is suggested that VAP is a common nosocomial infection in the community hospital setting and ICU clinicians should be aware of the risk factors associated with the development of V AP and the impact of VAP on clinical outcomes.

TL;DR: The interactions of the underlying critical illness and MV with the GI tract are complex and can manifest in a variety of clinical pictures.

TL;DR: The lower limit of prevalence of OSAS in childhood is 1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.8 to 1.2), and if the five children who underwent adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy because of worsening clinical condition and the two children who were shown to have evidence ofOSAS on domiciliary oximetry, then the prevalence is 1.8% (higher limit of likelihood; 95% CI, 1.6 to 2.0).

TL;DR: It is concluded that critically ill morbidly obese patients are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality compared to the nonobese patients.

TL;DR: The medical resource use and costs incurred by persons with COPD in the United States in 1987 are described to provide a valuable foundation and historical measure against which to compare other estimates.

TL;DR: The evidence does not support the use of IS for decreasing the incidence of PPCs following cardiac or upper abdominal surgery, and the evidence is unable to accept the stated conclusions due to flaws in methodology.