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Showing papers in "Ciência & Educação in 2015"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Pesquisa empirica que tem como objetivo analisar os efeitos of uma proposta inovadora de formacao em servico nas concepcoes e praticas declaradas de professoras polivalentes that lecionam Ciencias nas series iniciais as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Pesquisa empirica que tem como objetivo analisar os efeitos de uma proposta inovadora de formacao em servico nas concepcoes e praticas declaradas de professoras polivalentes que lecionam Ciencias nas series iniciais. As professoras pesquisadas cursavam Licenciatura Plena em Pedagogia na Unicamp, por um convenio entre a universidade e as prefeituras municipais da Regiao Metropolitana de Campinas. Pesquisou-se quais as concepcoes e praticas declaradas, de 13 professoras, sobre o ensino de Ciencias para as series iniciais anteriormente, durante o transcorrer e ao final da disciplina, por meio de: questionarios, redacoes, observacao do curso e entrevistas. Concluiu-se que, embora a maioria das professoras pareca ter compreendido as ideias-chave da disciplina e tenha promovido mudancas em suas praticas docentes, a falta de conhecimento previo de conteudos especificos de Ciencias e a pequena carga horaria disponivel foram os principais fatores que impossibilitaram a apreensao mais abrangente de algumas das ideias enfocadas pela disciplina.

24 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, analise de Conteudo analisar como docentes do Ensino Superior de uma universidade publica percebem os diferentes agentes do campo educacional, e como as tensoes e dificuldades sao gerenciadas no inicio da profissao, partindo da nocao de campo de Bourdieu.
Abstract: O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar como docentes do Ensino Superior de uma universidade publica percebem os diferentes agentes do campo educacional, e como as tensoes e dificuldades sao gerenciadas no inicio da profissao, partindo da nocao de campo de Bourdieu. Nossos dados se basearam em entrevistas semiestruturadas, que foram analisadas por Analise de Conteudo. Nossos resultados revelam dificuldades relacionadas a gestao de sala de aula e semelhancas entre professores com e sem experiencia previa no que diz respeito: a inseguranca didatica, ao valor dado ao apoio (ou nao) dos colegas de trabalho, e ao numero de atividades desempenhadas. Revela-se, ainda, uma relacao de dominacao dos professores mais experientes sobre os novatos no trabalho universitario. Essas relacoes de poder refletem, claramente, a diferenciacao de capital cultural e simbolico de quem adentra um novo campo, revelando as estruturas mais gerais de um campo na perspectiva de Bourdieu

22 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the result of a trabajo tendiente a identificar los principales obstaculos for el aprendizaje del modelo de evolucion by seleccion natural in estudiantes of two cursos de secundaria.
Abstract: En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de una investigacion tendiente a identificar los principales obstaculos para el aprendizaje del modelo de evolucion por seleccion natural en estudiantes de dos cursos de secundaria. La existencia de dichos obstaculos se infiere a partir de la identificacion y caracterizacion de los patrones explicativos y las concepciones que los estudiantes ponen en juego al explicar casos de evolucion adaptativa, asi como de analisis provenientes de la historia y epistemologia de la biologia y de la psicologia cognitiva. Se identifican la teleologia de sentido comun, el razonamiento causal lineal y el razonamiento centrado en el individuo como tres obstaculos principales y se discuten algunas de las implicancias didacticas de estos resultados.

19 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an analise sistematizada do teatro de tematica cientifica, visando a educacao em ciencias.
Abstract: O teatro de tematica cientifica ainda e um fenomeno recente no Brasil. Ele se configura como um tipo de teatro que se propoe favorecer a divulgacao e a educacao cientifica. Apesar de nao existirem muitas pesquisas academicas sobre esse tema, o teatro de tematica cientifica tem sido uma pratica de professores da Educacao Basica e Superior, bem como de instâncias nao formais de educacao. Este artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma analise sistematizada do teatro de tematica cientifica, visando a educacao em ciencias. Para isso, sera problematizado o termo teatro de tematica cientifica, explicitando sua definicao e sua articulacao com alcance de uma alfabetizacao cientifica. Ao final, sao enunciados grupos e projetos no Brasil que realizam esse tipo de atividade, focalizando suas producoes e propostas.

16 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: O aumento da implantacao de cursos de mestrado profissional em ensino vem sendo indicador dos novos contornos das politicas de formacao impostos pela CAPES como agencia reguladora de professores.
Abstract: O aumento da implantacao de cursos de mestrado profissional em ensino vem sendo indicador dos novos contornos das politicas de formacao impostos pela CAPES como agencia reguladora da formacao de professores. Dada a atual predominância desses cursos na area de ensino, empreendemos uma reflexao sobre o papel dos mestrados profissionais na busca da qualidade da educacao brasileira e, em particular, da educacao em ciencias. Para tal, o caminho metodologico apoiou-se em um quadro critico da situacao do Ensino Medio no pais e em um referencial marxista sobre a formacao docente. Tanto pelos aspectos curriculares, que variam muito de acordo com a recontextualizacao da legislacao em cada realidade particular, quanto pelos aspectos estruturais que tentamos avaliar, foi possivel chegar a conclusao de que o protagonismo dos mestrados profissionais em ensino em relacao a qualidade da educacao de nivel Medio e, no minimo, controverso, e que, portanto, nao se pode toma-lo como garantido.

16 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the relationship between interdisciplinarity and environmental education (EE) criticism in the light of epistemic issues from the perspective of historical and dialectical materialism.
Abstract: The essay discusses the relationship between interdisciplinarity and environmental education (EE) criticism in the light of epistemic issues from the perspective of historical and dialectical materialism, which is organized in three stages: in the introduction, we recommend the setting of environmental discussion in the face of the contemporary debate, and its theoretical formulations proposed to scale the EE from the critical, historical and complex knowledge. In the second, we situate in the light of historical and dialectical materialism conceptual and methodological bases of environmental education and its links with interdisciplinarity. In the third and last, we point out which epistemological implications of the historical and dialectical materialist method can give the interdisciplinary and critical EE. One must consider the historical and ontological components of human intervention in the environment, leaving the critical environmental processes to reflect on the dynamics of the relationship between society and nature, which without this dimension, make simplified environmental debate, fragmented and depoliticized by the negation of materiality contained in social relations.

14 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present results of a survey that aimed to identify how ethnobiology -science that studies the many relationships between human beings and the natural world - can contribute to the formation of science teacher who is sensitive to cultural diversity.
Abstract: We present results of a survey that aimed to identify how ethnobiology - science that studies the many relationships between human beings and the natural world - can contribute to the formation of science teacher who is sensitive to cultural diversity. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine Biology teachers from public schools in State of Bahia, before and after their participation in a continuing training course addressing ethnobiology and its contribution to science education. The analyses were based on the comparison of the responses, and revealed some changes in conceptions of the teachers after the course. We concluded that ethnobiology could contribute to the formation of science teachers in the way that the course involving this science has generated opportunities for teachers to reflect on their teaching practices being able to offer them new understandings with respect to cultural diversity.

13 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper analyzed scientific popularization texts related to microbiology published in the magazine "Ciencia Hoje das Criancas" and found that these features are also present in texts for children, which corroborates the idea that scientific popularisation has a discourse of its own.
Abstract: This article aims to analyze scientific popularization texts related to microbiology published in the magazine "Ciencia Hoje das Criancas". Children, in spite of their contact with microorganisms, do not observe them directly, a situation which is important regarding the selection of texts. The material was scrutinized in accordance with the characteristics of the discourse of scientific popularization, as described in the literature related to texts for adults. Results show that these features are also present in texts for children, which corroborates the idea that scientific popularization has a discourse of its own. The texts have, as their distinctive features, the appeal to reading done via the intervention of pictures and the use of informal language: an attempt to approach the children's daily lives, as presupposed by the authors of the texts. Also, they appeared to offer a interdisciplinary approach to microbiology, offering the possibility of the use the texts in science classes.

12 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a list of reasons given by authors for the didactic use of the genre and the vision that it is a simple matter of stimulating students' interests is discussed.
Abstract: In this work we intend to show that science fiction could be brought to science education to discuss science in a broad perspective, providing connections to the social context and to possible imaginable futures. For that, we made a list of reasons given by authors for the didactic use of the genre and wondered about the vision that it is a simple matter of stimulating students’ interests. We tried approach the question of interest by bringing theoretical contributions from Georges Snyders and Paulo Freire, thereafter presenting the view of specialized science fiction scholars. Finally, we articulated both perspectives by showing how science fiction has features that justify its presence in science didactic activities, which have an effective sense of motivation, not as an artifice to gather sympathy from students toward science, but by being able to present meaningful questions about what all of us would like to approach.

11 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the use of Monteiro Lobato's literature in science teaching and found that the books A reforma da natureza and Seroes de Dona Benta contributed to the learning and questioning of scientific contents of these texts.
Abstract: This article describes the findings of a study that aimed to evaluate the use of Monteiro Lobato's literature in Science Teaching. According to an interdisciplinary perspective, the books A reforma da natureza and Seroes de Dona Benta were used to approach scientific contents and issues related to "Nature of Science" in two classes of the last grades of Middle School. The analysis of the results indicates that the books contributed to the learning and questioning of scientific contents of these texts. The book A reforma da natureza mainly offered the opportunity for discussing some environmental themes, while Seroes de Dona Benta was particularly efficient in working with concepts of matter, mass and weight and in raising some questions about the Nature of Science. The study also demonstrates the need for the science teacher to be aware of conceptual errors present in the literature, to avoid mistakes in the learning process.

11 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors deal with the production of narratives by students on the biology education teachers' undergraduate program at Universidade de Brasilia, in the light of the ideas of Larrosa about the wisdom of experience as well as the methodological and empirical framework of autobiographical narratives.
Abstract: This paper deals with the production of narratives by students on the biology education teachers’ undergraduate program at Universidade de Brasilia, in the light of the ideas of Larrosa about the wisdom of experience as well as the methodological and empirical framework of autobiographical narratives. The narratives were produced in two undergraduate courses and show how the students could make a self-reflection about their journey to become a teacher, from their past as students of basic education to their experience in the supervised training courses. The elements that guide the reflections highlight the role of subjectivity in teacher education, the act of narration as a facilitator of self-understanding and the role of autobiographical narratives as a research methodology and as an instrument of teacher training.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an analysis of materials produced by chemistry teachers based on the STS approach, and a tool was elaborated to analyze the structure of these instructional materials.
Abstract: This work presents an analysis of materials produced by chemistry teachers based on the STS approach. A tool was elaborated to analyze the structure of these instructional materials. Theoretical and practical guidance were given to the teachers' group. In the beginning of the meetings, most teachers characterized STS teaching as a simple exemplification of everyday life and few teachers understood STS as a scientific description of facts and processes aimed at teaching chemistry. However, the materials produced by some teachers revealed an improvement of the understanding of STS. In addition, other teachers who seemed to have a high level of understanding, produced materials with simplistic views of the STS approach. Some difficulties pointed out by the teachers in considering applying the instructional materials were related to public policies, difficulty in disrupting the traditional sequence presented in most of textbooks, and a resistance to change their own view of teaching.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a conceptual and axiological framework defined by an expert community was reviewed, the treatment proposed in the Spanish national curriculum was described and a total of 50 textbooks were analyzed (27 from middle and 30 from high schools).
Abstract: This paper studies the presence and complexity of the treatment of the causes of biodiversity and the reasons for its conservation in Spanish secondary education textbooks. To this purpose, a conceptual and axiological framework defined by an expert community was reviewed, the treatment proposed in the Spanish national curriculum was described and a total of 50 textbooks were analyzed (27 from middle and 30 from high schools). The results showed that the process of didactic transposition makes the teaching of biodiversity monumental, since it omits the reasons for its existence. Consequently, teaching becomes entrenched in biologicist and utilitarian connotations about the motives for its conservation, thereby leaving aside the ethical, philosophical and cultural dimensions. Furthermore, the treatment of the causes and reasons for biodiversity conservation in textbooks revealed a marked distance from the curriculum of Spain, especially for the first year of middle and high school.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors analyzed the understandings attributed by science teachers and students to sexual diversity and found that students have understandings that recognize Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) as "strange", yet believe they have the duty to respect everyone's choices.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to analyze the understandings attributed by science teachers and students to sexual diversity. Questionnaires, interviews, text production, document analysis and focus group technique were used for data collection. In general, students have understandings that recognize Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) as "strange", yet believe they have the duty to respect everyone's choices. They regarded transvestites with disapproval, while homosexuality and bisexuality seemed more accepted. Teachers seem not to discuss these subjects in class, even though Science teaching is a privileged situation in which to consider the significance of gender and sexual diversity. It is necessary to invest in discussions about these issues in initial and continued teaching courses, seeking the construction of new understandings and practices that problematize prejudice about gender and sexual diversity.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a politica de educacao inclusiva no estado de Goias, Portugal, is analyzed. Butteiro et al. presenta-se uma investigacao com elementos de uma pesquisa participante that objetivou apresentar o cenario da formacao de professores de ciencias no âmbito da educacão inclusivas, utilizando interacoes discursivas produzidas em reunioes of uma rede de pesquisias no est
Abstract: Apresenta-se uma investigacao com elementos de uma pesquisa participante que objetivou apresentar o cenario da formacao de professores de ciencias no âmbito da educacao inclusiva utilizando interacoes discursivas produzidas em reunioes de uma rede de pesquisa no estado de Goias. Os resultados permitiram analisar a politica de educacao inclusiva no estado de Goias, bem como refletir sobre como o ensino de ciencias pode contribuir para a formacao de cidadaos dentro dessa escola inclusiva.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article reviewed the research that has used Toulmin's model as a theoretical framework to study reasoning in science classes and identified some trends, educational significance of the research on the subject, and various issues that emerge in this field.
Abstract: This paper critically reviews the research that has used Toulmin’s model as a theoretical framework to study reasoning in science classes. Special emphasis is placed on reviewing the indexed literature, presenting the main findings of the studies, their scope and limitations. Some trends are identified, and the educational significance of the research on the subject is discussed. Various issues that emerge in this field are also analyzed. Finally, the literature as a whole is reviewed, identifying unsolved matters that offer opportunities for future research.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper performed a desk review of documents in the set of Curriculum Guidelines for Mathematics courses to investigate the permanence of the legacy solids which remain in the initial training of teachers of mathematics.
Abstract: This article presents the results of research that adopted a descriptive and interpretive approach, by performing a desk review of documents in the set of Curriculum Guidelines for Mathematics courses. It was set within a Baumanian perspective, since it is understood that the movement of solids and liquids configured by Bauman led to an investigation of how these documents were intended to give new shape to the courses and how the new formats may have been understood by the institutions and to thereby investigate its permanence, namely the “legacy solids” which remain in the initial training of teachers of mathematics. It could be observed that there were attempts to melt this solid, in several reforms intended to reshape education. The highlights were the attempts to dissolve some solids, such as dissolving the dichotomy between theory and practice; separation of specific and pedagogical content and the appreciation of the Bachelor degree to the detriment of the Teacher Education of Mathematics.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the simultaneous application of two recently created analytical tools: the Matrix 3x3, understood as a tool for the analysis of teaching activities in the classroom, and the Foci of Learning to Teaching (FAD).
Abstract: This paper presents the simultaneous application of two recently created analytical tools: the Matrix 3x3, understood as a tool for the analysis of teaching activities in the classroom, and the Foci of Learning to Teaching (FAD). We used two analytical tools in the analysis of interviews with three students taking an undergraduate program for physics teachers (Licenciatura in Physics) during the execution of supervised training. It was applied the Matrix 3x3 to the data categorized by FAD as a way to deepen understanding the evidence of learning from teaching disclosed in the analysis of the interviews. By using the instruments, we identified the main evidence in the relationships built through the content, teaching and learning and its interactions with the Foci of Learning to Teaching. Finally, the paper demonstrates possibilities of articulation between two seemingly different fields without contact, such as teacher training and informal education.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an analisis of the formulacion of problemas de estequiometria in diferent lenguajes quimicos that involucran tambien dibujos con particulas for describir the estados inicial and final of sistemas reaccionantes.
Abstract: El presente trabajo se centra en el analisis de la formulacion de problemas de estequiometria en diferentes lenguajes quimicos que involucran tambien dibujos con particulas para describir los estados inicial y final de sistemas reaccionantes. El analisis permite tomar conciencia sobre las peculiares restricciones de expresion de algunos de estos lenguajes quimicos, asi como vislumbrar un problema epistemologico en relacion a la aplicacion de la ley de conservacion de la masa cuando se analizan formatos sintacticos referidos al tema de estequiometria. Concluimos que la ensenanza de los conceptos abstractos y explicaciones quimicas fundamentadas en modelos requieren por parte de los docentes una revision epistemologica sobre sus lenguajes. Esto permitio reflexionar sobre que decimos y que queremos significar cuando "hablamos quimica" y cuando evaluamos a nuestros estudiantes.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the role of Freirean problematization in the context of a pedagogical-didactic proposal based on the relations between FreireAN Thematic Approach and Science Teaching by Inquiry (ENCI) is investigated.
Abstract: This paper investigates the role of Freirean problematization in the context of a pedagogical-didactic proposal based on the relations between Freirean Thematic Approach and Science Teaching by Inquiry (ENCI). We developed Sciences/Physics activities at a public school in the city of Itabuna, Bahia, Brazil, with students from Initial Years from the Elementary School, focused on the theme: "Rio Cachoeira: what water is this?", which emerged from a local problem experienced by the school community. Data were collected through audio recordings, teacher's diary and student productions and analyzed by Discursive Textual Analysis. It is noteworthy that the Freirean problematization contributed to structure to the Science/Physics activities from ENCI, and to enable the students to reflect on the problematic situations from their own reality, while exercised an investigative attitude towards the practical problems of science.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A Teoria Cromossomica da Heranca (TCH), elaborada no inicio do seculo XX, consiste na proposicao de que os fatores mendelianos estariam ligados aos cromossomos as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: A Teoria Cromossomica da Heranca (TCH), elaborada no inicio do seculo XX, consiste na proposicao de que os fatores mendelianos estariam ligados aos cromossomos. Neste trabalho, foi realizada uma analise qualitativa sobre ensino-aprendizagem da TCH, envolvendo analise documental dos materiais didaticos e entrevistas semiestruturadas com discentes do Ensino Medio. Os resultados sugerem que os discentes nao foram capazes de relacionar padroes de heranca mendelianos com o processo de meiose. Com relacao a analise documental, foi observada a dissociacao dos conteudos de Genetica mendeliana dos de divisao celular meiotica. Uma proposta para superacao dessa dificuldade seria trabalhar as bases epistemologicas da TCH usando a historia da ciencia. Essa proposta esta fundamentada na ideia de que o contexto historico-filosofico humaniza as ciencias, podendo colaborar para a formacao critica do discente bem como para a aprendizagem significativa sobre a elaboracao dos conceitos relacionados a tematica estudada.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the importance of using paradidactic texts in the training of undergraduates in physics, based on experience occurred on the UFPI, where we work in a class of 23 students in Physics Teaching Methodology in two phases: reading and discussion of texts Physics textbooks (first); writing (continuation) a story already begun by inserting concepts of physics (second).
Abstract: This paper refers to the importance of using of paradidactic texts in the training of undergraduates in physics, based on experience occurred on the UFPI, where we work in a class of 23 students in Physics Teaching Methodology in two phases: reading and discussion of texts Physics textbooks (first); writing (continuation) a story already begun by inserting concepts of physics (second). These activities were extremely positive and challenging, especially the writing, since the students did not have experience of such writing nor the formal concepts of physics, which were presented, sometimes erroneously. As a result, we realized that the students found the use and production of these texts interesting , because in addition to being a low cost and able to extend the methodological possibilities in the school environment, addressing concepts of physics in everyday life, they narrowed the gap between the physics taught in school and the reality of the students.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A qualitative, innovative and original methodology for research in science education using the concept of Semantic Network as idea for displaying students´ responses to a problem on a given topic.
Abstract: We report a qualitative, innovative and original methodology for research in science education. We use the concept of Semantic Network as idea for displaying students´ responses to a problem on a given topic. We proposed a problem with multiple resolutions on the metabolism of carbohydrates to university students of Biology and Biological Chemistry from different careers. Students’ answers were organized in cognitive pathways, using a methodology derived from the Information Processing Model. Graphical representation of all individual cognitive pathways allowed us to construct semantic networks from each studied population. In this way the declarative knowledge of each population could be easily represented. These networks allowed us to detect: (a) answering strategies, (b) general trends of mistakes, and (c) mistakes that appeared in specific populations.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present parte dos resultados of uma pesquisa em que investigamos o papel da Modelagem Matematica for o estabelecimento de interacoes cujas caracteristicas favorecem a aprendizagem.
Abstract: Neste artigo, apresentamos parte dos resultados de uma pesquisa em que investigamos o papel da Modelagem Matematica para o estabelecimento de interacoes cujas caracteristicas favorecem a aprendizagem. Diante da importância atribuida a comunicacao em atividades de Modelagem Matematica e as interacoes em sala de aula, investigamos as interacoes que emergem durante o desenvolvimento de atividades de Modelagem e procuramos identificar interacoes classificadas por alguns pesquisadores como sendo aquelas associadas a aprendizagem. As analises que apresentamos indicam que aquelas interacoes identificadas durante o desenvolvimento das atividades que podem ser caracterizadas como ‘dialogos’ favorecem a aprendizagem dos alunos. Subsidiamos nossas conjecturas na analise de atividades desenvolvidas por um grupo de alunos de um curso de Engenharia Ambiental de uma universidade publica.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the impact of an educational program with didactic and manipulative activities using movement-body in an experimental typology study with 37 students (of a private college in Cuiaba, MT, Brazil) between 7 and 12 years old with indicative of learning disabilities in calculus.
Abstract: The advancement of neurosciences in education presents aspects of memory, learning and the inseparability of the body-mind relationship in the learning of students. This study sought to correlate these concepts with Learning Disabilities (LD) specifically in arithmetic and principles of Mathematics Education. The purpose was to investigate the impact of an educational program with didactic and manipulative activities using movement-body in an experimental typology study with 37 students (of a private college in Cuiaba, MT, Brazil) between 7 and 12 years old with indicative of LD in calculus. The main result was the increase of the academic results of the students, showing that the use of the body and somatosensory activities can help students with LD to focus attention and improve their academic autonomy, sense of self-efficacy and mathematical understanding. Believing in the inseparability of the body-mind relationship and in the positive outcome of this study we conclude the need to promote research in motor learning to minimize impacts of LD.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an artigo busca averiguar as relacoes estabelecidas entre leitura/escrita and alfabetizacao cientifica (AC) e/ou letramento Cientifico (LC) em textos of periodicos brasileiros de Educacao em Ciencias.
Abstract: O artigo busca averiguar as relacoes estabelecidas entre leitura/escrita e alfabetizacao cientifica (AC) e/ou letramento cientifico (LC) em textos de periodicos brasileiros de Educacao em Ciencias. Em levantamento bibliografico, localizamos 21 artigos que abordam a leitura e/ou a escrita em uma perspectiva de AC/LC, embora somente tres deles tenham esta relacao como escopo. As publicacoes estabelecem vinculos superficiais considerando a associacao entre a aprendizagem de Ciencias e de leitura/escrita na lingua materna, e nao a questao da especificidade da aprendizagem da leitura/escrita nasCiencias. A analise dos artigos em que escrita e/ou leitura sao objetos empiricos indica um possivel pressuposto comum: a habilidade de ler/escrever quando o conteudo e cientifico difere da habilidade de ler/escrever outros temas. Indicamos a necessidade de que as pesquisas sejam rigorosas no delineamento dos referenciais teoricos e dos conceitos envolvidos, contribuindo efetivamente para a compreensao daquelas relacoes, visando a melhoria do Ensino de Ciencias.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A politica de implantacao dos mestrados profissionais deixa de lado a questao da pouca atratividade da carreira docente, o que, segundo Maues (2011), nao sao acoes visadas pela agenda da OCDE as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: da Capes tem apresentado um crescimento significativo dos cursos de mestrado profissional, sendo, atualmente, o numero desses cursos maior que os de mestra-do academico. Essa modalidade de pos-graduacao pode ser atribuida a influencia das politicas educacionais propostas por organismos internacionais, como a Organizacao de Cooperacao e Desenvolvimento Economico (OCDE) e o Banco Mundial (BM), para paises centrais e pe-rifericos, visando a adequacao da educacao as exigencias do mercado mundial e a nova etapa de internacionalizacao do capitalismo. Nesta agenda, a educacao em servico e vista como a forma mais barata e eficiente de formar professores; e a melhoria da qualidade da educacao e atribuida exclusivamente aos docentes por meio do desempenho escolar dos estudantes, em geral, medido por testes de grande escala. Tais concepcoes encontram-se, em grande parte, naturalizadas nas politicas educacio-nais recentes e na literatura sobre a formacao docente publicada no Brasil e em outros paises, reforcando, tambem, a ideia de que os professores nunca estao preparados e precisam ser constantemente (re)formados e avaliados. Como consequencia, em diferentes paises, tem sido priorizada a prestacao de contas do professor e propostas politicas que diferenciam salarios de acordo com um suposto merito mensurado por avaliacoes externas.Ao ser direcionada por estas concepcoes, a politica de implantacao dos mestrados profissionais deixa de lado a questao da pouca atratividade da carreira docente. E com esta preocupacao que vozes mais criticas tem apontado que toda politica de formacao docente deve ser integrada a estruturacao da carreira, a politica salarial que assegure dignidade ao professor e garantia de condicoes adequadas de trabalho, o que, segundo Maues (2011), nao sao acoes visadas pela agenda da OCDE.Assim, a politica de formacao continuada por meio dos mestrados profissionais nao consegue reverter a carencia de professores da Educacao Basica por nao propiciar melhorias profissionais significativas e, tambem, porque a maioria dos professores egressos desses cur-sos nao permanece na escola em que lecionava, migrando para o Ensino Superior ou para os Institutos Federais de Educacao, Ciencia e Tecnologia (SCHAFER, 2013). Este fenomeno, que pode ser comum a muitos cursos semelhantes no pais, acaba por nao so nao suprir, como aumentar a carencia de professores da rede publica estadual, onde se encontra a maior demanda por matriculas no Ensino Medio.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: For 15 years, the Psychology and Environmental Education Laboratory (Lapsea - INPA) developed an environmental education program called "Small Science Forest Guides" as mentioned in this paper, which was based on a social and transforming empowerment perspective, in order to identify, discuss and act on social and environmental issues.
Abstract: For 15 years, the Psychology and Environmental Education Laboratory (Lapsea - INPA), developed an environmental education program called 'Small Science Forest Guides'. The goal was based on a social and transforming empowerment perspective, in order to identify, discuss and act on social and environmental issues. The zoo botanical park maintained by the INPA served as a space for all social and environmental discussions. For six months, the young people had meetings with researchers and educators, and for a year, started to act as guides for park visitors. This study was an evaluation of the program, from semi-structured interviews with 48 young people from various groups, since 1994. The results show striking aspects of psychosocial transformation and citizenship what happened to these participants. This knowledge-sharing exercise showed to help to share principles for social justice, solidarity, respect and commitment to environmental sustainability.

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TL;DR: In this article, an estudo verificar o compartilhamento de significados entre a Lingua Portuguesa and a Libras for enunciados explicativos sobre dois conceitos fundamentais no ensino de Fisica: velocidade and aceleracao.
Abstract: A inclusao dos alunos com deficiencia auditiva e dos alunos com surdez nas escolas brasileiras exorta por pesquisas que abordem, por exemplo, a diversidade linguistica em ambientes educacionais bilingues. Apresentamos um estudo em que buscamos verificar o compartilhamento de significados entre a Lingua Portuguesa e a Libras para enunciados explicativos sobre dois conceitos fundamentais no ensino de Fisica: velocidade e aceleracao. Tais enunciados foram apresentados por um interlocutor de Libras atuante em aulas de Fisica. Considerando algumas ideias presentes nas teorias de Bakhtin, verificamos as significacoes assumidas pelos principais sinais apresentados pelo interlocutor. Verificamos que os sinais apresentados pelo interlocutor podem assumir significados diversos, o que, em alguns casos, divergem do significado fisico-cientifico. Percebemos que cabe ao interlocutor reconhecer os sinais mais adequados, mas tal reconhecimento passa por um entendimento correto do conteudo de fisica que sera interpretado, o que remete a uma necessaria preparacao conjunta com o professor.

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TL;DR: For instance, Nardi et al. as mentioned in this paper discuss the importance of the area of Ensino de Ciencias e Matematica no Brasil, bem como as origens e caracteristicas da pesquisa that se faz nesta area, vem sendo sistematicamente mapeado e analisado by diversos autores.
Abstract: As decadas de sessenta e setenta do seculo passado parecem ter sido propicias para que pesquisadores brasileiros das areas de Ciencias Exatas e Naturais, apoiados por colegas da Educacao, Psicologia, Historia e Filosofia da Ciencia, bem como outras areas do conhecimento, passassem a se preocupar em estudar mais sistematicamente o ensino e a aprendizagem das Ciencias e da Matematica, conforme mostram estudos que vem sendo divulgados em diversas instâncias (NARDI, 2005, 2007; NARDI; ALMEIDA, 2004).Os fatores que contribuiram para a constituicao da area de Ensino de Ciencias e Matematica no Brasil, bem como as origens e caracteristicas da pesquisa que se faz nesta area, tem sido estudados com base em varios enfoques e referenciais e com o uso de diversas meto -dologias. O vasto conhecimento acumulado na area, fruto de trabalho de matematicos, fisicos, quimicos, biologos e outros profissionais que tem estudado academicamente essas questoes, vem sendo sistematicamente mapeado e analisado por diversos autores (FERES, 2001, 2010; KAWAMURA; SALEM, 2008; LEMGRUBER, 1999; MEGID NETO, 1990, 2014; NARDI; ALMEIDA, 2004, 2007; NARDI; GONCALVES, 2014; SCHENETZLER, 2002; SLONGO, 2004; TEIXEIRA, 2012). Esses pesquisadores tem interlocucao mediante representatividade em secretarias, secoes de ensino ou comissoes especificas de importantes sociedades cientificas tradicionais – como, por exemplo, Sociedade Brasileira para o Progresso da Ciencia (SBPC), Sociedade Brasileira de Fisica (SBF), Sociedade Brasileira de Quimica (SBQ), Sociedade Brasileira de Astronomia (SBA). E orgaos financiadores, como o Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq); a Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CA-PES); a Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP) e fundacoes de amparo a pesquisa de diversos estados brasileiros, como e o caso da Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa no Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP), que tem dedicado apoio e financiamento regular para o desenvolvimento de projetos de pesquisa e extensao nessa area. As caracteristicas inter ou multidisciplinares que esse tipo de pesquisa demanda fizeram entender, logo cedo, que conhecer profundamente apenas os conteudos das disciplinas de Cien-cias e Matematica nao bastava para se avancar no estudo das particularidades que os processos de ensino e de aprendizagem das Ciencias demandam. Essa preocupacao foi logo sentida por grupos de pesquisadores, que entenderam a necessidade de se dedicarem integralmente a esses estudos, oportunizando o surgimento, nas decadas de oitenta e noventa, de associacoes espe-cificas de ensino, como a Sociedade Brasileira de Educacao Matematica (SBEM), a Sociedade Brasileira de Ensino de Biologia (SBenBio) e a Associacao Brasileira de Pesquisa em Educacao em Ciencias (Abrapec).Desde o inicio tambem, alguns dilemas rondam pesquisadores e professores que atuam na area: devemos estudar ciencias, matematica e tecnologias para formar novos cientistas ou para ‘alfabetizar’ ou ‘aculturar cientificamente’ cidadaos que fazem uso da ciencia em seu cotidiano? A pesquisa nessa area deve ser realizada, ou definida, na academia, ou com o envolvimento de