Showing papers in "Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology in 1974"

TL;DR: Comparison between hearing data for flatfish and for the cod, Gadus morhua, suggests that differences in performance may be attributed to the accessory role of the swimbladder in the hearing of cod.

TL;DR: The more generalized molluscs tend to have a higher amount of DNA than the specialized species, and high amounts of DNA appear to be associated with evolutionary radiation in the snails.

TL;DR: The physiology and biochemistry of nectarivorous bats (Leptonycteris sanborni) and bat-pollinated flowers are discussed and it is found that Chiropterophilous flower pollen is higher in protein than closely related flowers pollinated by other means.

TL;DR: The aerobic metabolic scope for activity is 1·75 times greater in the active, aquatic, red-eared turtle, Pseudemys scripta, than in the more sluggish, terrestrial, ornate box turtle, Terrapene ornata, at their common preferred body temperature of 30°C.

TL;DR: Rapid activity in amphibians appears possible only at the expense of extensive anaerobiosis, and levels of amphibian lactate production are lower than those of lizards and show greater interspecific variation.

TL;DR: The weight and the glycogen and lipid contents of the liver and fat body are highest m autumn at the onset of wintering and smallest in spring after spawning, while the water and protein contents ofThe liver show the opposite trend.

TL;DR: The content of calcium salts, protein and chitin has been measured in the cuticle of Astacus fluviatilis, Cancer pagurus, Carcinus maenas, Leander adspersus, Nephrops norvegicus and Penaeus duorarum.

TL;DR: Low values for prolactin and growth hormone were found in Oncorhynchus nerka during the dark phase of the photoperiod and the possible involvement of prolactIn and/or growth hormone in lipid mobilization in O. nerka is discussed.

TL;DR: Electrocardiograms were recorded from unrestrained crabs with the aid of implanted electrodes and it was calculated that even during an inhibition of the heart beat lasting up to 3 min the oxygen reserve of the blood can sustain normal tissue respiration.

TL;DR: The post-tetanic hyperpolarization in cell R15 was abolished by calcium-free saline or by intracellularly injected EGTA and was prolonged when small quantities of 3 × 10−6 M calcium buffer were injected.

TL;DR: In the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) the relations between body weight, heart weight, ventricle volume and thickness and volume of the compact shell were studied and the activity and isoenzyme pattern of lactate dehydrogenase are the same in the compact and spongy tissue in both summer and winter.

TL;DR: The high extravascular protein concentration in fishes suggests a high capillary permeability to proteins, and thus, the effective colloid osmotic pressure across the capillary membrane is much less than that predicted by plasma protein concentration alone.

TL;DR: Fish brain slices incubated aerobically in a medium containing glucose or glutamate with or without NH4C1 showed an increase in the level of most amino acids, and the amino acid changes of incubated rat brain slices differed, in several aspects, from those observed in fish.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the sheep relies heavily on panting for heat dissipation and that in moderately hot environments the thermoregulatory efficiency of panting is high.

TL;DR: Hematological data were analysed in great flying birds, aquaticdiving birds and galliformes and the values with significant differences were lactic acid, erythrocyte number, hematocrit and the amount of hemoglobin.

TL;DR: Differential sensory responses produced by odours from migratory and non-migratory populations of char suggest that fish odours could act as pheromones which help guide homing in these salmonids.

TL;DR: The macula neglecta of the shark ear is a sensitive vibrational detector and may possibly be involved in underwater sound detection.

TL;DR: Standard metabolism of tropical and temperate species was at the same level as in other marsupials but the desert species had a metabolism that was 80 per cent of this level and it is speculated that this may be due to a reduced thyroid output.

TL;DR: This species of fresh water turtle sustains non-voluntary diving in deoxygenated water at 22°C for periods of at least 24 hr under which bradycardia occurs, although its onset may not be rapid and it may be broken during the dive by periods of rapid heart beat.

TL;DR: It is suggested that fish should not be studied too soon after capture and transportation if they are susceptible to these kinds of stress.

TL;DR: The complete isolation of neurons from the mollusc, Lymnaea stagnalis, has been achieved by enzyme treatment and mechanical isolation and modifications of the method allow preparation of neurons both with and without axons and with or without glial cells.

TL;DR: Perivisceral fluid osmotic and ionic composition of all three echinoderm species declined to a lesser extent than ambient salinity and returned to control values in Pisaster ochraceus and Cucumaria miniata but did not do so in Strongylocentrotus drobachiensis.

TL;DR: An area of the skin specialized for water uptake was found in the pelvic region in Bufo bufo, Rana esculenta, R. arvalis and R. temporaria, but not in Xenopus laevis, and on a moist substrate, the water uptake in B. bufo after dehydration was higher than in Ranidae.

TL;DR: The insulative value of the fur in water is a significant part of the total unregulated insulation of the polar bear and of minor significance for the harp seal.

TL;DR: This study illustrates the importance of standardizing postmortem time for ECS and muscle fibre size measurements and shows the effect of rigor on skeletal muscle fibre diameter on sarcolemmal permeability to inulin.

TL;DR: After a period of training, the teleost fish Ictalurus nebulosus maintained its body temperature at about 26°C when placed in a thermal gradient with extremes of 9 and 30°C.

TL;DR: A negative correlation was found between gill Na-K-ATPase (decrease) and serum sodium (increase) in treated fish in SW and in trout acclimated to SW, which may indicate a minor or nonexistent role for gillNa-KatPase in FW osmoregulation.

TL;DR: Ultimate maximum existence metabolism and lower limits of temperature tolerance increase northward with drop in winter temperature and constitute the critical metabolic characteristics that enable the species to be permanent residents at the collection sites.

TL;DR: It was concluded that while the existence of peripheral oxygen receptors in the pharynx has not been disproved, the most important site of oxygen detection is the brain, and the pseudobranch is not important in oxygen detection.

TL;DR: The pattern of fecal and urinary output resembled that of ingestion, although the caloric content of excreta varied inversely with temperature, and a strong inverse relationship was noted at all temperatures between weight specific metabolism and body weight.