Showing papers in "Current Eye Research in 2018"
TL;DR: IPL treatment improves the symptom score of patients, associated ocular-surface indexes, MG function, and MG macrostructure as well as eyelid hygiene, and decreases MG inflammation in MGD patients.
Abstract: Purpose: To observe (1) changes in meibomian gland (MG) after exposure to intense pulsed light (IPL) and (2) to understand the mechanism by which IPL treats meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) in pat...
74 citations
TL;DR: The Tearscope-Plus™ is not interchangeable with either the Oculus® K5M measurement of tear stability (NIKBUT-1 or the LipiView® maximum and minimum lipid thickness.
Abstract: Purpose. To compare non-invasive break-up time (NIBUT) when measured with the Tearscope-Plus™ and the Oculus® Keratograph 5M, and to compare lipid layer thicknesses (LLT) when measured with the Tearscope-Plus™ and the LipiView®. This study also set out to establish the repeatability of these methods.Methods. The following measurements were taken from both eyes of 24 participants on two occasions: non-invasive keratograph break-up time using the Oculus® (NIKBUT-1 and NIKBUT-average), NIBUT using the Tearscope-Plus™, and LLT using the LipiView® (minimum, maximum, and average) and Tearscope-Plus™. The Tearscope-Plus™ grades were converted to nanometers.Results. There were no significant differences between eyes (Tearscope-Plus™ NIBUT: p = 0.52; NIKBUT-1: p = 0.052; NIKBUT-average: p = 0.73; Tearscope-Plus™ LLT: p = 0.13; LipiView® average, maximum, or minimum: p = 0.68, 0.39 and 0.50, respectively) or days (Tearscope-Plus™ NIBUT: p = 0.32; NIKBUT-1: p = 0.65; NIKBUT-average: p = 0.54; Tearscope-Plus™...
69 citations
TL;DR: The FAZ area enlargement after successful surgical repair in macula-off RRD eyes may indicate that there is an ischemic damage to retinal capillary plexus in fovea.
Abstract: Purpose: To investigate foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area after surgery in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) that involved or uninvolved the macula, and to evaluate the correlation between FAZ area and visual outcomes using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).Materials and Methods: This retrospective case–control study included 34 eyes (34 patients) with recent onset RRD that were successfully repaired with a single, uncomplicated surgical procedure (pars plana vitrectomy with gas tamponade). The changes of FAZ area were examined by OCTA after surgery. The unaffected fellow eye was used as a control for additional comparison.Results: Both superficial and deep FAZ area were significantly larger in the macula-off group (superficial: 0.374 ± 0.112, deep: 0.702 ± 0.193 mm2) than in the macula-on group (superficial: 0.282 ± 0.105, deep: 0.543 ± 0.114 mm2) following surgery. The deep FAZ area was also markedly larger in the macula-off group than in the control...
60 citations
TL;DR: The biodegradable PLGA and PCL electro-spun scaffolds resulted in equal biocompatibility, while PMMA showed cytotoxicity.
Abstract: Background: Corneal endothelial dysfunction remains the most frequent indication for corneal transplantation, limited by donor material shortage, poor long-term graft survival, or allogeneic graft ...
49 citations
TL;DR: New SS technology for OCT devices detects retinal thinning in PD patients, providing increased depth analysis of the choroid in these patients, and may present increased thickness compared to healthy individuals.
Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate the ability of new Swept source (SS) optical coherence tomography (OCT) technology to detect changes in retinal and choroidal thickness in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD...
46 citations
TL;DR: Oxygen/metabolite transport calculations for open-eye scleral-lens wear show that typical PoLTF thicknesses fitted by clinicians show that sCleral lenses prescribed today evoke less than physiological hypoxic swelling for healthy corneas during open-eyes, however, closed-eye wear appears clinically unsafe.
Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate the safety of scleral-lens designs, we model and clinically assess central corneal edema induced by scleral-lens wear for healthy subjects.Materials and Methods: Central cornea...
45 citations
TL;DR: BDNF contents are decreased in aqueous humor, lacrimal fluid, and BS of patients with POAG demonstrating a significant decrease in the early POAG and relative increase in the next stages of the disease.
Abstract: Purpose: To study brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) content in aqueous humor (AH), lacrimal fluid (LF), and blood serum (BS) in patients with age-related cataract and primary open-angle glau...
43 citations
TL;DR: There was a significant difference in the microbial community composition between diabetic patients and healthy subjects, and a high abundance of Acinetobacter in the OS of diabetic patients may arise from the unique characteristics of the OS compared with those of other organ surfaces.
Abstract: Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify differences in the major (core vs. variable) microbial genera of human subjects with and without diabetes.Methods: Bacterial 16S rRNA genes obtained from conjunctival swabs of 19 healthy subjects and 30 diabetic patients were sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq platform, and the sequencing data were analyzed using QIIME 1.9.1. To elucidate the microbial diversity in the ocular surface (OS), test programs from various bioinformatics domains were used.Results: Diversity index and rarefaction analysis showed that the microbial community of the diabetic patients was more diverse than that of the healthy subjects. Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the dominant taxa present in the OS, and there was a significant difference in the relative abundance of the bacterial phyla between the diabetic patients and control subjects. Proteobacteria were more abundant in the diabetic group, whereas Firmicutes was more abunda...
43 citations
TL;DR: The behavior of blink in many of these systems is discussed, ultimately returning in each instance to a discussion of how these factors affect blink in the context of dry eyes.
Abstract: Blink is a complex phenomenon that is profoundly affected by diverse endogenous and exogenous stimuli. It has been studied in the context of cognition, emotional, and psychological states, as an indicator of fatigue and sleepiness, particularly in the automobile and transportation industry, in visual tasking, and finally, as it relates to tear film stability and ocular surface health. The fact that it is highly variable and has input from so many sources makes it very difficult to study. In the present review, the behavior of blink in many of these systems is discussed, ultimately returning in each instance to a discussion of how these factors affect blink in the context of dry eyes. Blink is important to ocular surface health and to an individual's optimal functioning and quality of life. Disturbances in blink, as cause or effect, result in a breakdown of tear film stability, optical clarity, and visual function.
41 citations
TL;DR: These data indicate that IOP increases as a consequence of performing strength exercises, being the increment accentuated with the increase of the load and in the bench press compared to the jump squat exercise.
Abstract: Purpose/Aim: The execution of strength exercises has demonstrated to increase the intraocular pressure (IOP) levels, and it may have a negative impact on the ocular health. We aimed to explore the ...
36 citations
TL;DR: The objective method revealed that the halo size increased with addition power and that the two trifocals gave rise to a double-halo pattern, and the subjective results indicated fewer complaints about halos associated with the trifocal than bifocal IOLs.
Abstract: Purpose: To examine and assess the halos generated in distance vision by multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) using both in vitro objective and in vivo subjective methods.Setting: The objective met...
TL;DR: Conbercept was effective in the treatment of DME at different levels of baseline BCVA, and for worse baseline VA, BCVA improvement was more prominent than that of better VA subgroup.
Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of conbercept for the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME) with different baseline visual acuity.Methods: This is a retrospective, comparative stu...
TL;DR: Compared to TMS-5 and Pentacam HR, CASIA SS-1000 offered good repeatability and precision with high resolution for posterior corneal elevation, and the best repeatability for pachymetry, but had little influence on the repeatability of CASIASS-1000.
Abstract: Purpose: To compare corneal tomography and its statistical uncertainty for measurements obtained by three clinically used corneal tomographers: A Scheimpflug camera (Pentacam HR), a swept source op...
TL;DR: In presence of similar functional damage, the lower perfusion densities in NTG may indicate greater vascular alterations in chronic compared to acute ischemic optic neuropathies.
Abstract: Purpose: To analyze the retinal radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) network in normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) and nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) eyes using optical coherenc...
TL;DR: A reduced dose of corticosteroids combined with immunosuppressive agents effectively controlled the intraocular inflammation and improved visual acuity in most Chinese VKH patients.
Abstract: Purpose: To investigate the effectiveness, visual outcome, and prognostic factors of Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada (VKH) disease treatment with a reduced dose of corticosteroids combined with immunosuppressive agents.Methods: The clinical characteristics, auxiliary examinations, treatment result, visual outcome, and prognostic factors in VKH patients were analyzed.Results: A total of 998 VKH patients were divided into posterior uveitis group (Group1), anterior uveal involvement group (Group 2), and recurrent granulomatous anterior uveitis group (Group 3). Reduced doses of corticosteroids combined with immunosuppressive agents were used for 1–1.5 years. Uveitis was controlled in 100%, 100%, and 96.8% of these three groups, respectively. Visual improvement and stability was observed in 98.1%, 96.5%, and 88.3%, respectively. Treatment after disease onset, visual acuity at first visit, and 1 month after treatment was positively associated with BCVA at last visit (p < 0.05).Conclusion: A reduced dose of cortico...
TL;DR: The RFI has been used to characterize the retinal microvasculature under various conditions of all prevalent retinal diseases in addition to some central nerve system (CNS) and systemic diseases.
Abstract: Purpose: To review the clinical applications and diagnostic value of the retinal function imager (RFI), briefly compare RFI to other optical imaging devices, and to describe recent developments.Met...
TL;DR: A shift toward PPV alone for primary RRD repair was observed during the 7-year observation, and no decrease in functional outcome or increase of intra- and postoperative complications or decrease of primary and final anatomic success rate was observed following the change in surgical procedure.
Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate the evolution of surgical methods over a 7-year period in patients with primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and its relation to functional outcome and intra- and po...
TL;DR: Both ocular scattering and wave-front aberrations play essential role in retinal image quality, which may be overestimated when only aberration were taken into account.
Abstract: Purpose: To compare objective optical quality, ocular scattering and aberrations of eyes implanted with an aspheric monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) or an aspheric apodized diffractive multifocal I...
TL;DR: RNFL loss might be the earliest structural change of retina in diabetic patients, and associated with diabetic duration, BMI, TG, HbA1c, and ACR, according to Pearson correlation analysis.
Abstract: Aims: To investigate the loss of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in type-2 diabetic patients with early-stage diabetic retinopathy (DR) and to identify potential risk factors accounting for these ...
TL;DR: The visual performance at near distance with the IOL evaluated improved in eyes with less corneal power, on the other hand, a slight temporal IOL decentration from vertex normal also improved intermediate visual acuity.
Abstract: Purpose/Aim: To evaluate the impact of ocular parameters on the visual performance achieved with the multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) Bi-Flex M 677MY.Materials and Methods: About 26 subjects were ...
TL;DR: OCTA may enhance the knowledge of glaucoma pathogenesis and offer an improvement in the ability to detectglaucomatous change.
Abstract: Purpose: To provide the reader with information on the principal techniques of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA); the current literature on OCTA reproducibility; its applications to g...
TL;DR: Ragged morphology of proximal opening of CCI is the most important predictive factor for incision-site DMD in conventional phacoemulsification and femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS).
Abstract: Purpose: To assess intraoperative morphology of clear corneal incisions (CCI) and its impact on incision-site descemet membrane detachment (DMD) in conventional phacoemulsification and femtosecond ...
TL;DR: Intravitreal transplantation of UC-MSCs revealed the neuroprotection in the microbead-injection induced OHT and could be related to the secretion of tropic factors (BDNF and GDNF) and the modulation of glial cell activation.
Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential therapeutic benefits of intravitreally transplanted human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) in an animal model of mi...
TL;DR: The study of Chinese subjects, along with the syntheses analysis, strengthens the evidence that CT is greater in males than in females, based on OCT measurements, and may be pertinent for the sex disparities in some clinical conditions related to CT.
Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of sex on choroidal thickness (CT) in healthy adults.Methods: Healthy Chinese adults were recruited and complete ophthalmic examinat...
TL;DR: The apoA-I mimetic peptide 4F is a novel way to treat a critical AMD disease process and thus represents a new candidate for treating the underlying cause of AMD.
Abstract: Purpose: Accumulation of lipoprotein-derived lipids including esterified and unesterified cholesterol in Bruch’s membrane of human eyes is a major age-related change involved in initiating and sust...
TL;DR: The results suggest that esculetin may be an alternative treatment option for endotoxin-induced inflammation and oxidative stress, which therefore may inhibit the development of LPS-mediated AMD.
Abstract: Purpose: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of visual loss. The dry AMD is characterized by retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) death and changes in AMD lead to severe los...
TL;DR: The results indicate that DVA directly reflects the actual metabolic status of the retinal endothelium, and might be used as an early noninvasive screening tool to detect vascular dysregulation and pan-endothelial dysfunction in patients with HT.
Abstract: Purpose: Hypertension (HT) strongly affects the vascular endothelium, resulting in chronic inflammatory disease. Dynamic vessel analysis (DVA) is a modern methodological approach to analyze vascular function in the retinal microcirculation. The aim of this study was to examine whether a defective retinal vessels response is associated with HT-induced endothelial dysfunction.Materials and Methods: Retinal vessel reactions to flicker stimulation were examined by DVA in both eyes of 37 hypertensive and 41 healthy control subjects. Plasma concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFɑ) were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: Both arterial and vein responses to flicker stimulation were significantly decreased in patients with HT compared with the healthy controls (dilatation of the arteries was lower in the HT group by, on average, 1.31, p = 0.001 and dilatation of the veins was lower in the HT group by, on average, 1.32, p = ...
TL;DR: CT reduction is greater in aflibercept-treated eyes, and type 3 lesions show the greatest thickness decrease, and the post-treatment frequency of dry macula, evaluated by qualitative parameters, is higher in a flibercept, but is not correlated with CT change.
Abstract: PURPOSE To evaluate choroidal thickness (CT) and retinal morphological changes in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) following ranibizumab or aflibercept intravitreal treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a prospective, observational, comparative study where 76 eyes of 76 consecutive patients with treatment-naive nAMD were consecutively enrolled and randomized to ranibizumab 0.5 mg or aflibercept 2 mg injections. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography images of the choroid were obtained by enhanced depth imaging modality. CT measurements were made of the subfoveal choroid, and at 500 μm from the center of the fovea in the superior, inferior, temporal, and nasal quadrants. Central subfield retinal thickness, intraretinal fluid, subretinal fluid, and pigment epithelium detachment were evaluated. Patients were followed up for 3 months. RESULTS Compared with baseline, CT decreased over time in both the ranibizumab and aflibercept group (P = 0.04 and 0.001, respectively). At each location, the decrease in CT was significantly more prominent in aflibercept with respect to ranibizumab-treated eyes (P < 0.05). Among the different choroidal neovascularization subtypes, type 3 lesions showed the greatest CT decrease after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections (P = 0.003). Choroidal thinning was significantly greater in type 3 lesions treated with aflibercept compared with ranibizumab (F = 13.6, P = 0.002). Post-treatment incidence of dry macula was higher in aflibercept- versus ranibizumab-treated eyes (50% vs. 76%, P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS CT reduction is greater in aflibercept-treated eyes, and type 3 lesions show the greatest thickness decrease. The post-treatment frequency of dry macula, evaluated by qualitative parameters, is higher in aflibercept-treated eyes, but is not correlated with CT change.
TL;DR: In vivo OCT imaging and quantification of guinea pig retina and optic nerve head parameters were repeatable and similar between eyes of the same animal, and in vivo visibility of retinal cell layers correlated well with histological images.
Abstract: Purpose: Guinea pigs are increasingly being used as a model of myopia, and may also represent a novel model of glaucoma. Here, optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging was performed in guinea pigs. In vivo measurements of retinal, choroidal, and optic nerve head parameters were compared with histology, and repeatability and interocular variations were assessed.Methods: OCT imaging and histology were performed on adult guinea pigs (n = 9). Using a custom program in MATLAB, total retina, ganglion cell/nerve fiber layer (GC/NFL), outer retina, and choroid thicknesses were determined. Additionally, Bruch’s membrane opening (BMO) area and diameter, and minimum rim width were calculated. Intraobserver, interocular, and intersession coefficients of variation (CV) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were assessed.Results: Retina, GC/NFL, outer retina and choroid thicknesses from in vivo OCT imaging were 147.7 ± 5.8 μm, 59.2 ± 4.5 μm, 72.4 ± 2.4 μm, and 64.8 ± 11.6 μm, respectively. Interocular...
TL;DR: The study results revealed significant average, nasal RNFL, global GCL+ loss, and a nonsignificant choroidal thinning in patients with COPD compared to healthy subjects, suggesting the eye seems to be one of the affected tissues during the natural course of the COPD.
Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCL+) thickness, and macular choroidal thickness (mCT) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT)Methods: A total of 79 COPD patients and 71 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals were enrolled in this prospective cross-sectional study The patients were divided into two subgroups (with mild-to-moderate COPD and severe COPD) using spirometric data suggested by the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease guideline The RNFL, GCL+, and mCT were compared between groupsResults: The average and nasal RNFL thicknesses in the COPD group were significantly lower than those in control group (p = 0023 and 0027 respectively) Statistically significant reductions in average thickness and in those of all six wedge-shaped GCL+ sectors were evident in the COPD group compared with control group and were more ma