Showing papers in "Ecological Modelling in 1985"

TL;DR: In this paper, a continuous simulation model that considers interactions of pesticides in surface runoff (in water and on eroded sediment), advection in percolating water, molecular diffusion, dispersion, uptake by plants, sorption to soil, and biological and chemical degradation is described.

TL;DR: In this paper, the interference potential is defined as the interference that a newly germinated seedling must overcome to establish itself and subsequently grow at a given site within the influence of all neighboring plants.

TL;DR: The basis for this is the conclusion that energy storage as biomass is the root cause of ecosystem energy cycling, with the role of storage in diversifying path structure and increasing flows in networks.

TL;DR: In this paper, seven mathematical models of freshwater wetlands and shallow water bodies were classified by wetland type, location, and degree of nonlinearity, and rated by three new indices: articulation, accuracy, and effectiveness.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors distinguish between two types of tree growth models based upon their major purpose for development and data requirements: forest growth models and community dynamics models, which are applied to ecological questions about the feedback of environment and species characteristics on growth and yield, and have species specific rather than site-specific data requirements.

TL;DR: In this paper, a dynamic spatial simulation model composed of interacting cells was designed to project habitat changes as a function of marsh type, hydrology, subsidence, and sediment transport for a generalized coastal wetland area.

TL;DR: In this article, a bottomland hardwood succession model (FORFLO) was developed to study the impact of an altered hydrologic regime on the growth and succession of a coastal forested floodplain in South Carolina, and the model predicted a loss of up to 97% of the existing bottomland forest.

TL;DR: The main findings are that populations in completely isolated patches have lower survival probabilities than those in patches that are connected to other patches, and that the survival probabilities of populations in connected patches increases with the size of the largest geometric figure of which the patch is a part.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present various criteria for model evaluation, specify a minimum set of plant processes that should be considered for inclusion in a generic model capable of predicting plant response to CO2.

TL;DR: The model was used to predict maximum, optimum, and maintenance rations under controlled environments and model predictions of six undocumented two-factor interactions were consistent with other known interactions and general principles of fish energetics.

TL;DR: A dynamic model of fish bioenergetics and growth at the organismal level under controlled environments was developed as a tool to study, evaluate, and improve the management of fishpond grow-out system and fish growth was more sensitive to changes in temperature parameters than toChanges in parameters for body size, dissolved oxygen or unionized ammonia.

TL;DR: In this article, a spatial simulation model examines the change in land-water interface that occurs in disintegrating marshes as land, or emergent vegetation, is converted to water.

TL;DR: In this article, the asymptotic behavior of a linear compartment model for the environmental movement of radionuclides is investigated and an approach to sensitivity analysis employing Latin hypercube sampling, rank transformations and stepwise regression is presented and then applied to this system.

TL;DR: The role of disturbance is dependent on the temporal and spatial characteristics of the system as discussed by the authors, and disturbances act primarily in a destructive way, reducing the ecological structure that can be maintained, whereas in other categories disturbances promote species diversity and richness of spatial pattern.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared nine plant growth models for grassland ecosystems and found that a large degree of diversity in model complexity and structure exists in grassland models, and that the models seem best suited to merely approximate system behavior, but it will become extremely useful as more understanding of the grassland ecosystem is gained.

TL;DR: An optimum stocking rate exists, where yield is maximum, and the relationship of market yield to stocking rate, for any given feeding rate or initial size, was described by a downward opening parabola.

TL;DR: In the model, pesticides had a much larger effect on numbers of adults present than records of moths caught in pheromone traps indicate actually occurred, suggesting that moth caught in traps in commercial orchards where effective pesticides are applied may be largely immigrants.

TL;DR: In this article, a matrix of values of organic carbon in settled material over depth for three levels of primary production, generally consistent with published data, is derived and used to calculate dry matter sedimentation over depths for various ocean regions.

TL;DR: Heterotrophic bacterial activity, temperature and phytoplankton biomass interrelationships in the marine ecosystem of La Salvaje beach (Vizcaya, Spain) have been analysed.

TL;DR: In this article, a computer model of a materially-closed marine microcosm, under investigation at JPL, has been developed, which simulates 1-L microcosms containing biota from anchialine pools in the Hawaiian Islands, that can sustain a constant population of shrimp for years.

TL;DR: In this article, a model for simulating the combined effects of water, light and nutrients on tree, shrub and grass growth in a semi-arid woodland is described.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the need for new or modified modeling approaches to understand and predict responses of native species and ecosystems to CO 2 enrichment, such as changed productivity, altered composition of plant communities, and changes in amounts of sequestered carbon.

TL;DR: The effects of variations in the overall longevity and the survivorship of seedlings of shrub species are modeled for a fire-prone community and at what interval the selective advantage shifts from resprouting to seedling establishment depends on the shape of survivorship curves.

TL;DR: Continuous-time Markov (CTM) mathematics can provide a standardized method to describe plant metabolism responses to multiple resource inputs as mentioned in this paper, which is demonstrated by a simple plant growth model with three resources (light, water and nutrients).

TL;DR: An analytical model is developed for describing equilibrium states for simple grazing systems that may be used to determine management strategies that prevent degradation of grassland into desert, that minimize herd fluctuations, or that maximize harvest rates.

TL;DR: The techniques of simplification have arisen in a variety of disciplines and have received only limited attention in ecological studies and some of these techniques were successful in the sense of making the models under scrutiny less complex.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors define an event or extended phenomenon to be considered a disturbance, it must have three properties, two of timing and one of magnitude, relevant to the level at which disturbance is manifested: (a) low frequency of recurence with respect to the temporal scale of the focal level; (b) low temporal predictability with respectto the level's time scale; and (c) production of a significant deviation from nominal outputs or state.

TL;DR: An extensive sensitivity analysis of a model for the Simulation of Production and Utilization on Rangelands (SPUR) found that grazing caused many of the interactions which previously affected plant-related indicators to become less important.

TL;DR: Simulations showed that the model is sensitive for changes in three aspects of larval strategy only: the ability to avoid other larvae by ‘hearing’, the minimum amount of food needed for maturation, and the survival time on deteriorated areas are essential mechanisms in the intraspecific competition of bark beetle larvae.

TL;DR: In this article, a model for the U.S. Southeast is presented that projects future areal cover on each ownership by forest type for several land management scenarios, based on forest ecosystem responses to various disturbances with consideration of vital silvical attributes of species groups.