Showing papers in "Environmental Pollution in 2003"

TL;DR: Metal concentrations were highest in the liver, except for iron in the gill of Scomberesox sauris and lowest in the muscle of all the fish species, and the relationships between fish size and metal concentrations in the tissues were investigated by linear regression analysis.

TL;DR: Current information suggests that a critical load of 5-10 kg ha (-1) year(-1) of total N deposition (both dry and wet deposition combined of all atmospheric N species) would protect the most vulnerable terrestrial ecosystems (heaths, bogs, cryptogams) and values of 10-20 kg ha-1 year-1 would protect forests, depending on soil conditions.

TL;DR: An overview of the applications in the drinking water industry that have already been realised or that are suggested on the basis of lab-scale research, and the possibility of using NF for the removal of hardness, natural organic material, micropollutants, viruses and bacteria, salinity, nitrates, and arsenic are discussed.

TL;DR: Concentrations of Cu, Pb and Zn have greatly increased since the 1974 sampling, with higher accumulation in soils from roadside fields, which suggests this element has high potential bioavailability and leachability through the soil.

TL;DR: Assuming that the mobility and bioavailability are related to the solubility of geochemical forms of the metals and decrease in order of extraction, the apparent mobility and potential metal bioavailability for these highly contaminated street dust samples is: Cd>Zn approximately equal Pb>Ni>Cu>Cr.

TL;DR: Investigation of the potential use of dried Spirodela polyrrhiza biomass as an adsorbent for the removal of the basic dye methylene blue from aqueous solution showed that as the amount of the dried S. polyr rhiza increased, the percentage of dye sorption increased accordingly, and the process followed the first-order rate kinetics.

TL;DR: The study showed that gill lamellae and kidney tubules were the primary target organs for the acute toxic effect of cadmium while in the subchronic exposure, the toxic effect to gills was less than that of kidney and liver.

TL;DR: It is proposed that far more convergence as opposed to divergence in the underlying plant physiology and soil science impacts the soil/vegetation microcosm to attenuate both soil-borne heavy metals and organic pollutants.

TL;DR: The spatial distribution of cumulative heavy metals in the sediments suggested that the Zn and Cu mainly originated from point sources, while the Pb probably came from non-point sources in the estuary.

TL;DR: The calibrated model provided fair predictions of total heavy metal concentrations in soil solution, and predicted free metal ion concentrations were in reasonable agreement with the values obtained from solution-only speciation calculations.

TL;DR: In the near-shore regions of this shallow lake, low N:P ratios potentially favor blooms of N2-fixing cyanobacteria, but their occurrence in the pelagic zone is restricted by low irradiance and lack of stable stratification.

TL;DR: This study allowed detection of a clear signature of anthropogenic contamination, in terms of Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cr in the north bank of the estuary, which experiences high urban pressure.

TL;DR: In the Murcia soil, heavy metal bioavailability was decreased more greatly by manure than by the highly-humified compost, while the metal-solubilising effect of EDTA was shorter-lived in the less contaminated, more highly calcareous Valencia soil.

TL;DR: This study revealed that the ground water within the mining district is heavily contaminated and acidified as a result of oxidation of pyrite (FeS2) contained within mine tailings dumps, and has elevated concentrations of heavy metals.

TL;DR: It was concluded that at least a small part of the PBDE can pass STPs and the tetra and pentaBDEs were found in biota.

TL;DR: Significant relationships between Cd and Zn in fish tissue and environmental levels were found, especially in the pollution gradient where up to 70% of the observed variation could be described.

TL;DR: Although H3PO4 was effective in immobilizing Pb, its use should be limited to minimize soil pH reduction and potential eutrophication risk, because Pb was immobilized by P via formation of an insoluble pyromorphite-like mineral in the surface and subsurface of the soil.

TL;DR: The F WMFs in the Beaufort-Chukchi Seas region were consistent with reported values in the Canadian Arctic and temperate food webs, but were statistically different than FWMFs from the Barents and White Seas, indicating that the spatial variability of OC contamination in top-level marine Arctic predators is attributed to differences in regional sources of contamination rather than trophic position.

TL;DR: The accumulative partitioning of the heavy metals Cu, Pb and Zn in the grey mangrove, Avicennia marina, were studied under field conditions and decreases in sediment pH were found to increase Zn accumulation to root tissue.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of soil amendments on the leachability of As from soils and As uptake by Chinese brake ferns were investigated for 12 weeks in a chromated-copper-arsenate contaminated soil or in As spiked contaminated (ASC) soil.

TL;DR: Root Cu concentration appeared as a much more sensitive indicator of soil Cu bioavailability than shoot Cu concentration, and simple extractions routinely used in soil testing procedures were adequate indicators of Cu bio availability for the investigated calcareous soils, but not when different soil types were considered.

TL;DR: The concentration of Hg was significantly higher in feathers molted first, suggesting that levels in feathers reflect levels in the blood during formation, and that external contamination may have an important impact on the levels detected in the feathers.

TL;DR: It is concluded that air pollution in Varanasi could negatively influence crop yield and the magnitude of response involved all three gaseous pollutants at peri-urban sites; O(3) had more influence at a rural site.

TL;DR: The results indicate that Microcystis blooms induced massive release of P from the sediment, perhaps mediated by high pH caused by intense algal photosynthesis, and/or depressed concentrations of nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N).

TL;DR: Acidic deposition leaches essential calcium from needles of red spruce, making this species more susceptible to freezing injury, and there are also linkages between acidic deposition and fish mercury contamination and eutrophication of estuaries.

TL;DR: Aqua regia extraction is usefully supplemented with sequential extraction, particularly in less polluted soils and in soils that exhibit substantial textural differences within the profiles.

TL;DR: Quantified changes in ionic composition and solute flux of water draining the Mohawk River Basin in New York State, from 1952 to 1998 showed that concentrations of Na+ and Cl- have increased by 130 and 243%, respectively, while other constituents have decreased or remained constant.

TL;DR: The quality status of Daya Bay is investigated and the PAH composition pattern in sediments suggest dominance by medium to high molecular weight compounds, and the ratio of certain related PAHs indicate important pyrolytic and petrogenic sources.

TL;DR: Chemical speciation analysis using the MINTEQA2 software package revealed that enhanced Ni solubility in Thlaspi rhizosphere is driven by the formation of Ni-organic complexes, which reinforces the hypothesis that exudation of organic ligands may contribute to enhanced solubilities and replenishment of metals in therhizosphere of hyperaccumulating species.

TL;DR: Findings are significant from an environmental management perspective, and these issues are discussed in light of street sweeper sediment grain size removal efficiencies.