Showing papers in "Fish & Shellfish Immunology in 1997"

TL;DR: Changes in the total and differential haemocyte counts during the moult cycle of the shrimp, Penaeus stylirostris, and variations of selected parameters seem to be consistent with the in vivo response against the highly pathogenic Vibrio AM23.

TL;DR: The responses of mast cells/eosinophilic granule cells of salmonids in acute and persistent inflammation, as revealed in the present investigation, are similar to the known responses of mammalian mast cells.

TL;DR: Among the haemocyte types, the granulocytes showed an important phagocytic activity whereas the hyalinocytes did not, thus indicating that mussel haemocytes are functionally heterogeneous.

TL;DR: Results indicate that oral vaccination with encapsulated antigens evokes systemic memory and induces mucosal immune responses in fish, and oral vaccination appears to be a promising method to control bacterial diseases.

TL;DR: Sodium alginate greatly enhanced the migration of HKP to the peritoneal cavity (the site of injection) and concurrently elevated their phagocytic activity, and it is highly probable that the early elimination of challenge bacteria by such mobilised and activated phagocytes was responsible for the high survival rate of theAlginate-injected fish.

TL;DR: The results indicate that halibut and turbot possess a higher level of α2-macroglobulin-like activity than the other species in the study, whereas char had the highest total trypsin-inhibitory level.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the mucus layer represents a hindrance with V. anguillarum , while A. salmonicida seems to be able to penetrate through it and is suggested that this is a result of a lowered concentration of compounds with anti-vibriotic activity.

TL;DR: It was shown that nitric oxide production and microbicidal activity of the antigen-activated phagocytes were partially blocked with NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (NG-MMLA), suggesting that NO might be an important antimicrobial effector in fish phagocyte as in mammals.

TL;DR: The leucocyte population of the resting (unstimulated) peritoneal cavity of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) weighing from 100 to 200 g and kept at 10, 15 or 20° C was analysed, finding that most of the cells which were difficult to characterise by light microscopy would be small macrophages.

TL;DR: The SHK-1 cell line is derived from leucocytes that have some of the properties of a macrophage that have been characterised with respect to phenotypic and functional properties.

TL;DR: Histology revealed scattered lymphoid cells at all levels of the digestive tract of the sea bass, notably in the mucosa and sub-mucosa, suggesting that, as in other fish species, the posterior gut acquired higher immunological relevance.

TL;DR: Several non-specific immune responses of turbot were enhanced after the administration of β -glucans and/or O-antigen of Vibrio damsela and lysozyme activity was significantly higher in serum from fish injected with any combination of immunomodulators compared with controls.

TL;DR: The occurrence of a number of lysosomal enzymes in Ruditapes decussatus haemocytes was demonstrated by cytochemical and colorimetric techniques, consistent with the absence of oxidative metabolism coupled with phagocytosis in haems of this clam species.

TL;DR: Results show that the IgM detected from day 0 to day 5 derive from maternal fish while the IgD detected fromday 15 are neo-synthesised IgM, and mature B cells and strong IgM synthesis are present in 50-day-old sea bass larvae when the lymphoid organs are fully developed.

TL;DR: There was a gradual decline in the Ig level in the egg homogenates from the day of fertilisation and through incubation, and the decline continued during the alevin stage, until very low levels were present by onset of first feeding (day 130 after fertilisation).

TL;DR: Thymus may be the primary lymphoid organ for T lymphocytes, head kidney could be thePrimary lymphoidorgan for B lymphocytes; spleen is a primary site for thrombo-poiesis; and monocyte/macrophage-like cells are already present in early age.

TL;DR: The results show that immunity can be fully established at temperatures shown to be non-permissible for specific antibody responses in Atlantic salmon, and both aqueous and oil-emulsified vaccines gave full protection against vibrio salmonicidaindependent of the rearing temperature.

TL;DR: Established methods for isolating intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) from mouse small intestine were modified to facilitate the isolation of IEL from rainbow trout gut epithelium.

TL;DR: The results support efficacy data from field trials in Norway, where NP-IPN has proven successful in the prevention of IPN in Atlantic salmon post-smolts, however, the immunological mechanisms behind the increased IPNV clearance remain unknown.

TL;DR: The results demonstrate the importance of humoral antibodies and neutralisation of bacterial toxins in protecting Atlantic salmon against A. salmonicida ssp.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the CLC cell line is suitable for studies on macrophage activation, respiratory burst activity and may also be useful as a source of interleukin-1.

TL;DR: It was concluded that the decrease of protection against S. iniaein ammonia-exposed trout could be attributed to suppression of the cellular or the non-specific defence mechanisms or to the effect of ammonia on other physiological systems (vascular, respiratory, etc.).

TL;DR: The results suggest that the immune system starts maturing during the post-larval stages, and antibody raised in the maternal circulation is incorporated into vitellogenic oocytes in the ovary and transferred from the larval yolk sac into the larv circulation.

TL;DR: The observed effect of LPS and LPS derivatives on the activation of the P. clarkii proPO system suggests that a protease activity triggered by these molecules may be mediated through the recognition of a “complete” LPS molecule (polysaccharide and lipid A).

TL;DR: Results suggest that salmon antibodies to EPS may protect the fish by neutralising the lethal glycerophospholipid: cholesterol acyl transferase (GCAT) toxin which may be complexed with the EPS during infection by A. salmonicida.

TL;DR: Three monoclonal antibodies against sea bass IgM were selected and found to be of the IgG1/|gkisotype and were effective in detectingVibrio anguillarum-ordalii antibody titres with an ELISA, and it was concluded that the combination of WDI 1 with WDI 3 stains all or almost all B cells.

TL;DR: The results showed that stronger humoral immune responses to A. salmonicida antigens were induced in fish vaccinated with the various polyvalent vaccines, compared to fishvaccinated with the monovalent furunculosis vaccine.

TL;DR: The haemagglutination-inhibition assays revealed a unique specificity of serum agglutinin for acetylated aminosugars and that the presence of the acetyl group was essential for agglUTinin-ligand interaction.

TL;DR: Both p22 and p57 were found to suppress the specific antibody production by salmonid B cells in vitro, as measured by ELISPOT.