Showing papers in "IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics in 1981"
TL;DR: The Video Display Processor (VDP)*, a single chip video display system, provides high resolution color pattern graphics in combination with object oriented graphics, for display on an ordinary television receiver or simple monitor.
Abstract: The Video Display Processor (VDP)*, a single chip video display system, is presented in this paper. The VDP provides high resolution color pattern graphics in combination with object oriented graphics, for display on an ordinary television receiver or simple monitor.
68 citations
TL;DR: An all solid state color camera using a solid state image sensor has many advantages over the conven- tional tube type camera, such as light-weight, low power consumption, high reliability, elimination of lag and high picture quality.
Abstract: An all solid state color camera using a solid state image sensor has many advantages over the conven- tional tube type camera, such as light-weight, low power consumption, high reliability, elimination of lag and high picture quality.
37 citations
TL;DR: The D2B bus (Domestic Digital Bus) is a multi-master bus which can be used by various consumer units to talk to one another in a well defined manner as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The D2B bus (Domestic Digital Bus) is a multi-master bus which can be used by various consumer units to talk to one another in a well defined manner. (Fig. 1) The bus is a serial bus and all bus control information and data flows occur serially over one connection. The only property demanded of this connection is that it provide either a "wire-and" or a "wire-or" facility. Thus the transmission medium can be a copper wire, a glass fibre, an infra-red beam or any other transmission medium which fulfils the above requirements.
20 citations
TL;DR: Theory, implementation and test results of an automatic equalizer for echo reduction in Teletext are described.
Abstract: Theory, implementation and test results of an automatic equalizer for echo reduction in Teletext are described.
16 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors define buzz as the result of video related incidental phase modulation (IPM) of the intercarrier, and define a partly tutorial approach to define it.
Abstract: This partly tutorial paper defines buzz as the result of video related incidental phase modulation (IPM) of the intercarrier. The main sources of IPM are 1. parametric and transit time effects, both non-linear in character and 2. AM to PM conversion of a strictly linear character. 1. is the main source of transmitter visual IPM but can also take place in the receiver. Linear AM to PM is prominent in the receiver as Nyquist IPM.
16 citations
TL;DR: This paper describes a discussion on Bayer geometry as a color filter geometry and the facts that, using the present number of picture cells as a parameter, the Bayer geometry colorfilter array is clearly superior to the interline geometry color filter array (1) reported previously.
Abstract: A color television camera using a single interline transfer charge-coupled device (CCD) image sensor having 384(H) x 490(V) cells and a green dot checkerboard pattern color filter array was developed This paper describes a discussion on Bayer geometry as a color filter geometry and the facts that, using the present number of picture cells as a parameter, the Bayer geometry color filter array is clearly superior to the interline geometry color filter array (1) reported previously This color television camera has obtained satisfactory performance for home video tape recorder (VTR) use in regard to resolution, sensitivity and color rendition
14 citations
TL;DR: The authors have developed a handy video recording camera-the MAG CAMERA, which features two newly developed technologies; high density two hour recording system and all solid state color camera with single-chip MOS imager.
Abstract: High density recording technology is going to realize the very compact VCR system. And all solid state color video camera which has many advantages over conventioal tube type cameras, e. g. light-weight, low power consumption, high reliability, lag elimination and high picture quality, has been developed.1) The authors have developed a handy video recording camera-the MAG CAMERA, which is shown in Fig. 1. This camera features two newly developed technologies; high density two hour recording system and all solid state color camera with single-chip MOS imager. The combination of above two technologies realized the unprecedented performance with compactness and handiness comparable to 8 mm movie cameras.
13 citations
TL;DR: The most effective way to achieve this is to reduce the number of components through extensive use of ICs in electronic circuits, most effective for portable-type VCRs which must be of compact and light-weight design.
Abstract: The home VCR is steadily gaining world-wide popu- larity with its high performance and low cost, and now is considered one of the most important home electronic appliances. Since the VCR employs a large number of electronic components, it tends to be quite complicated. To avoid this complication as well as to improve its performance and reliability, it's a must to simplify the circuits. The most effective way to achieve this is to reduce the number of components through extensive use of ICs in electronic circuits. Also this approach will be most effective for portable-type VCRs which must be of compact and light-weight design.
13 citations
TL;DR: A low cost voice response system is presented, which performs text-to-speech conversion of any English text, built around an LPC synthesizer chip and a microprocessor.
Abstract: A low cost voice response system is presented, which performs text-to-speech conversion of any English text. The system is built around an LPC synthesizer chip and a microprocessor. Text-to-allophone rules are used to convert an input string of ASCII characters into allophonic codes. LPC parameters are then drawn from an allophone library, which takes very little storage space, and concatenated using a fast and simple algorithm to produce natural sounding speech.
13 citations
TL;DR: A new d.c gas discharge panel for the development of a gas discharge display tank to display the 3D image is proposed in this article, where the unique advantage of the transparency offered by the cormercially available "Digivue" display panels is exploited for constructing a display tank for the reproduction of 3D images.
Abstract: A new d.c gas discharge panel for the development of a gas discharge display tank to display the 3-D image is proposed. A system providing 3-D image pick-up, transmission and display is described. Gas discharge display miatrices containing phosphors producing different colors needed for the display of color TV image are also described for their suitability to form a display tank. The unique advantage of the transparency offered by the cormercially available "Digivue" display panels is exploited for constructing a display tank for the reproduction of 3-D images. Also, incandescent displays and liquid vapour devices are examined for the fabrication of display matrix and tank. Finally, a comparison is made of the various types of displays considered in this paper.
13 citations
TL;DR: The National Radio Stereo Committee (NSRC) was to determine the feasibility of stereophonic transmission for AM Broadcasting, FM Broadcasting, and TV Broadcasting, which resulted in the adoption of standards by the Federal Communications Commission for the FM Broadcast Service on April 19, 1961.
Abstract: hInterest in the addition of stereophonic sound to television broadcasts goes back several decades. It was felt by some that the enhancements of black-and-white images by color in the early 1950's should naturally be followed by an enhancement of the sound as had been the development in the motion picture industry. Broadcasting became the focal point of interest after the introduction of the 45/45 LP stereophonic disc in the mid 1950's. As the decade of the 1950's came to a close, the industry organized the National Radio Stereo Committee (NSRC) which was to determine the feasibility of stereophonic transmission for AM Broadcasting, FM Broadcasting, and TV Broadcasting. After an initial flurry of proposals, it soon became apparent that most of the interest was in FM because it was considered the primary high fidelity medium. AM and TV were set aside and the subsequent effort was solely on FM which resulted in the adoption of standards by the Federal Communications Commission for the FM Broadcast Service on April 19, 1961. The standards were based on NSRC systems 4-4a, the Zenith-GE system.
TL;DR: A signal security system was developed which masks both audio and video intelligibility and can effectively shield programming, control its delivery, and protect private sensitive information.
Abstract: Satellite signals which transmit television and other commercial communications can no longer be thought of as secure. The advent of lowv cost TVRO's has opened the door to the threat of signal piracy. In response to this threat, a signal security system was developed which masks both audio and video intelligibility. The system can effectively shield programming, control its delivery, and protect private sensitive information. Presently it is used at C-band and Ku-band with conventional TVRO's and all existing satellites. It is, of course, directly applicable for the use in the Direct Broadcast Systems in the near future.
TL;DR: In Japan, bilingual and stereophonic television programs have been broadcast daily by NHK and major commercial broadcasters since October 1978, using the FM-FM multiplexing system developed by the NHK Technical Research Laboratories.
Abstract: In Japan, bilingual and stereophonic television programs have been broadcast daily by NHK and major commercial broadcasters since October 1978, using the FM-FM multiplexing system developed by the NHK Technical Research Laboratories.
TL;DR: In this article, a video recording system for consumer use in which a color video camera and a video recorder are integrated into one handy portable unit is presented, which can record up to twenty minutes on a video microcassette employing newly-developed high-energy tape.
Abstract: We have developed a video recording system for consumer use in which a color video camera and a video recorder are integrated into one handy portable unit. The unit comprises a solid-state micro CCD camera1-3 which employs a single image-sensor chip and a small videocassette recorder which can record up to twenty minutes on a video microcassette employing newly-developed high-energy tape. Figure 1 is a photograph of the new unit, which measures 191 x 171 x 60 mm and weighs two kg, including an F:1.6, 3 power zoom lens and a rechargeable battery pack which can power the unit for forty minutes.
TL;DR: An international AM/FM radio synthesizer has been designed in a high yield standard bipolar process utilizing ECL/I2L circuitry and is flexibly partitioned for control by a microcontroller or microcomputer via a serial data bus.
Abstract: An international AM/FM radio synthesizer has been designed in a high yield standard bipolar process utilizing ECL/I2L circuitry. A novel ECL/12L interface scheme and stacked I2L is used to achieve a power dissipation of 150 milliwatts which results in generous power supply tolerances and a wide temperature range (-40 to +90°C). The synthesizer is flexibly partitioned for control by a microcontroller or microcomputer via a serial data bus. Optimum spectral purity is achieved with an alive zone phase comparator and a low leakage (< 50 nanoamp) 220 pamp quad-state charge pump which is capable of driving a 15 volt passive filter.
TL;DR: One of the most frequently occurring breakdown events in color kinescopes is the flashover along the inside of the neckglass, associated with easily visible blue glow of the glass usually increasing in intensity until flashover occurs.
Abstract: One of the most frequently occurring breakdown events in color kinescopes is the flashover along the inside of the neckglass. This phenomenon is associated with easily visible blue glow of the glass usually increasing in intensity until flashover occurs. The time scale for development of this event usually ranges from a fraction of a second to minutes and during tube life the frequency of occurrence decreases with time.
TL;DR: Measurements made during EIA evaluations of contending multichannel TV sound proposals confirm that stereophonic TV sound of unprecendented quality can be implemented rapidly and cost-effectively using present-day transmitters and current FM technology.
Abstract: The low quality of present-day TV sound is an imposed condition, not a technical limitation. WTIW/Channel 11 in Chicago demonstrated that in 1977 by telecasting and reproducing stereophonic television sound of the finest quality. Recent measurements made during EIA evaluations of contending multichannel TV sound proposals confirm that stereophonic TV sound of unprecendented quality can be implemented rapidly and cost-effectively using present-day transmitters and current FM technology. Because no stereophonic TV receivers are presently deployed, and stereophonic TV transmissions engineering specifications are yet to be established, the impending implementation of stereophonic telecasts presents a one-time opportunity to upgrade all TV sound by correcting longstanding obstacles that have degraded monophonic TV audio and even FM radio stereophony. Decisively grasped, this mmentary opportunity can open a new era of TV realism through creatively-programmed, dimensional-sound whose quality can rival the best. However, the chance for the emergence of such an era will be irretrievably lost, should vacillation, expedience, or preservation of sacred cows lead to mass deployment of noise-prone stereophonic TV receivers. In the fragile domain of TV stereophony such receivers will unnecessarily perpetuate and indeed intensify the need for the heavily compressed transmissions that destroy audio quality.
TL;DR: In this article, the advantages of a beam-index color CRT over a conventional colour CRT with a color selection mechanism have been discussed, despite the complexity of the electronic circuits, difficulties with the index phosphor screening process and the stringent requirements for a narrow electron beam spot.
Abstract: The advantages of a beam-index color CRT over a conventional color CRT with a color selection mechanism have been discussed elsewhere.1-6 Despite these advantages, beam-index TV receivers have never been mass-produced, because of the complexity of the electronic circuits, difficulties with the index phosphor screening process and the stringent requirements for a narrow electron beam spot.
TL;DR: For more than a decade, the transmission of digital data as part of the television signal has been a subject of study and development by the Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA).
Abstract: For more than a decade, the transmission of digital data as part of the television signal has been a subject of study and development by the Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA). This interest can be traced beyond the first experimental ORACLE transmissions, using a Honeywell DDP-516 mini-computer together with some special interfacing hardware in April 1973, back to the insertion of 'in-house' data on unused television lines in the field interval by an equipment known as SLICE.
TL;DR: This is the fifth year of teletext as a public service in the UK and thousands of new sets are being sold every month, with the provision of LSI circuits for the decoder allowing the facility to be included in receivers at little extra cost.
Abstract: This is the fifth year of teletext as a public service in the UK and thousands of new sets are being sold every month. The primary attraction of teletext is as a source of up-to-date information in the form of text on the screen, supplemented by diagrams and the use of mosaic graphics. The key to the success of teletext has been the provision of LSI circuits for the decoder, allowing the facility to be included in receivers at little extra cost.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors classified digital synthesizer tuners on the market today into two categories, PLL (phase locked loop) frequency synthesizers and DAC (digital to analog converter) voltage synthesizers.
Abstract: Digital synthesizer tuners that have electronized the tuning section of radio receivers are steadily penetrating the market, backed by advancements in LSI technology. Systems employed by digital synthesizer tuners on the market today may roughly be classified into two categories, PLL (phase locked loop) frequency synthesizers and DAC (digital to analog converter) voltage synthesizers.
TL;DR: In this paper, TV ghost cancellation at RF stages including antenna method is classified into two substantial groups: 1) TV ghost cancelling at RF and 2) Cancellation at video stage.
Abstract: Recently several methods for automatic TV ghost cancelling are under active research. Generally speaking, these methods are Categorized into two substantial groups: 1) TV ghost cancelling at RF stages including antenna method. 2) Cancellation at video stage.
TL;DR: In this article, a microwave consumer device (converter) was developed by using thick-film technology, which is inferior in precision of dimension and conductivity of circuit pattern to thin-film.
Abstract: An MIC down converter which converts a 2150-MHz TV signal to a 60 MHz (U. S. ch. 3) signal was developed by using thick-film technology. 2 GHz frequency band belongs to so-called microwave band. MIC technology for industrial microwave communication equipment was basically completed in the 1960' s [1]. Microwave circuits generally need adjustment (which raises cost) in order to carry out full operation of each circuit device. The converter shown in this report must have feasibility for mass-production as well as other consumer equipment characteristics such as low cost and large quantity, and must have performance satisfying quasi-communication equipment specifications. In order to develop such a microwave consumer device (converter), we employed thick-film technology. Thick-film is inferior in precision of dimension and conductivity of circuit pattern to thin-film. However, the low production cost of thick-film hybrid circuits is a very effective point for consumer equipment production. The demerit points mentioned above can be improved by system and circuit design idea.
TL;DR: Several techniques exist for creating excellent displays of twenty-four rows on 525 scan line raster television systems as discussed by the authors, and there is no need to contribute to incompatibility by adopting a twenty row display standard in the U. S. and other 525 scan-line countries.
Abstract: Multiple techniques exist for creating excellent displays of twenty-four rows on 525 scan line raster television systems. Thus, there is no need to contribute to incompatibility by adopting a twenty row display standard in the U. S. and other 525 scan line countries.
TL;DR: In this article, the PLL circuit is removed from the control and display functions from the tuning function to reduce the number and length of internal interconnections, which minimises internal radiation as well as the number of internal connections.
Abstract: In the past single chip frequency synthesizer tuning systems have been developed which are suitable for simple radio sets, but bring problems if designed into more sophisticated radios. Separation of the control and display functions from the tuning function allow the PLL circuit to be situated near the tuners and the control and display function near the front of the receiver. This minimises internal radiation as well as the number and length of internal interconnections.
TL;DR: In this paper, it has been shown that an underlying unity exists in switching-converter configurations and some new forms have been revealed, including the three-state flyback configuration.
Abstract: In Reference I It has been shown that an underlying unity exists in switching-converter configurations and some new forms have been revealed. Principally, there is one central configuration, the Three-State Flyback Converter, from which six other three-state configurations may be derived; and from these three-state configurations a reduced, or two-state, form may be obtained. We, thus, get a total of fourteen configurations, each with a unique set of analytical relations, and the D. C. form of these relations was developed in Reference 1. Due to the mathematical differences in the relations, each configuration was labelled a Basic Configuration.
TL;DR: In a data transmission system using non-return-to-zero (NRZ) signalling waveforms, the optimum pulse shape at the data receiver's slicing circuit input, where the determination is made as to whether a "0" level or "1l" level is being sent, is a raised cosine.
Abstract: In a data transmission system using non-return-to-zero (NRZ) signalling waveforms, the optimum pulse shape at the data receiver's slicing circuit input, where the determination is made as to whether a "0" level or "1l" level is being sent, is a raised cosine. Such a waveform has minimal intersymbol interference and thus has maximum "eye" opening when the transmission system has some phase dispersion from linear-phase as compared to other waveforms such as sinx/x waveform.
TL;DR: The considerably more complex electronic circuits which seem to be required by a beam-index color display system, as compared with a conventional shadow mask system, have for many years offered an irresistable challenge to circuit designers.
Abstract: The considerably more complex electronic circuits which seem to be required by a beam-index color display system, as compared with a conventional shadow mask system, have for many years offered an irresistable challenge to circuit designers. The reward of a successful design is the several advantages inherent in the beam-index system which have been previously discussed.1-31-3
TL;DR: FM cannot hope to achieve full parity with AM until it can also successfully reach the auto- mobile audience, and this is not likely to happen as long as FM reception in autos is handicapped by the phenomenon of multipath distortion.
Abstract: The inconsistent quality of FM reception in automobiles is a major impediment to the well-deserved growth of this important medium. Although FM inherently has the potential for high- fidelity performance and has become a significant competitor to AM broad- casting to the home, it cannot hope to achieve full parity with AM until it can also successfully reach the auto- mobile audience. This is not likely to happen as long as FM reception in autos is handicapped by the phenomenon of multipath distortion.
TL;DR: The authors recently developed a stereo decoding IC which includes a new Birdie Noise cancelling cirucit, which uses 12L for the digital circuit and bipolar transistors for the analog circuit.
Abstract: The authors recently developed a stereo decoding IC which includes a new Birdie Noise cancelling cirucit. This new IC uses 12L for the digital circuit and bipolar transistors for the analog circuit.