Showing papers in "Journal of Criminal Justice in 1982"

TL;DR: The authors investigated the relationship of demographic, psychosocial, and crime-related factors to fear of crime and found that demographic variables such as sex, the size of the place where the respondent lives, age, marital status, and the number of persons living with the respondent were the most important variables discriminating between fearful and non-fearful respondents.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the literature reveals that the research findings about the public mood are contradictory and thus lack convergent validity and that this lack of convergence validity in the images of the public toward the police can be explained on both methodological and theoretical grounds.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors extend earlier periodical prestige research by determining journal prestige for three criminal justice membership categories and reexamine the emergent rankings, controlling for a potentially salient variable (previous journal publication).

TL;DR: In this article, the relationship between the citizen's attitude toward the police and the police uniform and authoritarian attitude was identified, and it was shown that the attitude of the officer, in conjunction with the uniform, exerts considerably more influence on the attitude than does the uniform or any additional factor acting independently.

TL;DR: In this paper, the issues of halfway houses and their use by parolees were examined and the issues have implications for a wide variety of subjects, ranging from scope of clientele to cost effectiveness.

TL;DR: In this paper, the National Crime Panel Victimization Survey was used to elicit the victimization experiences, perceptions, fears, and actions of residents of a highly representative rural county in the midwestern United States.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the criteria employed in determining whether a juvenile is petitioned to court for a formal hearing and if petitioned, whether he or she is held in pre-adjudicatory detention.

TL;DR: A study was conducted to find out which social scientists are most cited in 20 recently published criminology textbooks, resulting in a list of 19 names of influential criminologists and some additional findings concerning the “criminological enterprise.

TL;DR: The authors found that police managers use two or three styles, are as effective as non-police managers, and tend to avoid "risky" styles, particularly delegating, while non-professionals tend to use one or more styles.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine the assumption of street supervisors in police agencies that control of police officer behavior is dependent on strict hierarchical organization and examine the intellectual roots of this assumption and an emerging perspective developed from direct observation of patrol operations.

TL;DR: In this article, one hundred eighty-three subjects, representing four occupational categories, were exposed to a personnel management problem involving either an exoffender, an ex-mental patient, an obese person, or a neutral, nonstigmatized person in order to measure relative discrimination.

TL;DR: In this paper, a display of the advancement of black women in American municipal policing is presented, which denotes the current status of black female officers through a national overview and analysis of their numbers and assignment and rank distributions in relation to geographic region and city population size.

TL;DR: In this article, a systematic procedure for comparing the criminal statistics of the United States and the Federal Republic of Germany is presented, after reviewing and translating applicable paragraphs of the German Penal Code and reviewing both the formal and informal processes used in both countries for recording crime statistics.

TL;DR: This paper explored the extent to which women interested in careers in criminal justice tend to express interest in the female-role compatible specialties within the field as compared to men and as compared with more traditionally male specialties.

TL;DR: In this article, a conceptual framework of the criminal investigation process is developed through use of a criminal act continuum to identify intervention points as these relate to investigative techniques and information sources, and criminal investigation is then considered within a political context to identify eight investigative subprocesses, each of which poses varying degrees of risk to democratic social systems.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on how women prisoners and women's prisons can change through litigation, focusing on the legal assistance that women prisoners have had available to them for several years.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the oral interview boards of a state police agency in which 161 state police troopers were aspiring for the rank of sergeant and found that although the reliability coefficients were acceptable, significant differences in the ratings of similar types of raters across boards existed.

TL;DR: In this paper, the use of punitive isolation, administrative segregation, and protective custody at the Washington State Penitentiary in Walla Walla, Washington, was investigated for a decade between 1966 and 1975.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine the effect of determinate sentencing and reveal that unintended negative consequences can result from a shift in sentencing, and suggest that the state of Ohio may need to consider the unintended consequences of a determinate sentence.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that broad directives regarding due process in diversion are inappropriate and that very few diversion programs require usual procedural rights, and that there is little reason to expect that the procedural protections enunciated by the US Supreme Court so strongly in the 1960s will be extended by the courts to police (or probation) decisions on diversion in the 1980s.

TL;DR: In this article, the United States Parole Commission examined whether the provision of greater determinacy in the setting of prison release dates, known as presumptive parole, affects the frequency or nature of prison disciplinary infractions or program participation.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined some social scientific issues relating to the operation and evaluation of crime prevention through mass media programs and argued that the efficacy of such programs is dependent upon the successful application of several empirically based communication principles.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluate the importance of economic forces to the creation and development of the prison in America and find that economic forces played a crucial role in the development of prisons.