Showing papers in "Journal of Criminal Justice in 1983"

TL;DR: For example, this article investigated the experience of stress for 143 mostly male New Jersey correction officers, including officers from both state and county, of all ranks, and with varying lengths of service.

TL;DR: The most recent revision of the actuarial device used by the United States Parole Commission (SFS 81) is examined and compared with the device previously used on five dimensions: validity, stability, reliability, simplicity, and ethical concerns as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: Survey data suggest that juvenile rehabilitation continues to receive support both from the public and from various groups associated with criminal justice practice and policy making, and that young criminals are responsible for their actions and are currently being treated too leniently by the authors' courts.

TL;DR: This paper conducted an exploratory study of Hispanics in Texas examining attitudes toward crime and the criminal justice system and found that Hispanics feel "less safe" concerning crime than does the general population, do not feel that the police can reduce the incidence of crime, feel they have inadequate police protection, evaluate the police generally lower than does general population and possess a strong punitive attitude toward corrections.

TL;DR: This paper found that the public perceives white-collar offenses to have greater economic and moral costs than conventional street crimes, though not to be as violent, and showed strong support for the criminal sanctioning of white-collusion offenders.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined to what extent the patterns of offending by particular age, race, and sex subgroups are similar in both urban and rural areas using National Crime Survey (NCS) victimization data.

TL;DR: In this article, race differences in the apprehension of inmate misconduct were examined within a medium security Federal Correctional Institution, and significant race differences were found such that disproportionately more conduct reports (shots) were written on black than white inmates.

TL;DR: In a survey of 39 managers and social service providers who attended a workshop in New Jersey as discussed by the authors, overcrowding was considered the most serious problem, followed by psychological problems and lack of activities for prisoners.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that victim/witness noncooperation may not pose the major obstacle to prosecution that has been alleged, but that it is indicative of the failure of criminal courts to recognize that victim and witnesses have a legitimate interest in the adjudication process.

TL;DR: In this paper, the application of equal employment opportunity law to women in policing is discussed and two major theories of discrimination are outlined and then illustrated forms of discrimination against women in law enforcement agencies which have received judicial attention.

TL;DR: There is evidence that lawyers and district attorneys were most likely to be used by those battered women for whom the use of personal strategies and informal help sources (such as family and friends) were ineffective in combatting the violence.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors of On Crimes and Punishments show that Beccaria was a retributivist who incorporated certain obvious, though by no means dominant, utilitarian themes into his work, such as the right of the sovereign to punish and the concern for the rights of the criminal.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the relationship of evidentiary factors to charge reduction using data from the Prosecutor's Management Information System (PROMIS) for the District of Columbia and found that the expected relationship does exist but is not as strong as some suggest and varies by the type of offense.

TL;DR: Survey information on 1,361 whites and 129 black from the 1976 National Opinion Research Center General Social Survey indicates that the pattern of relationships on the issue of gun regulation differ very little by race.

TL;DR: In this paper, a stratified sample of 125 colleges and universities having such programs was surveyed to determine possible effects in student enrollments, characteristics, research funding, and other perceived changes.

TL;DR: The authors discusses important similarities between Fanon's colonial model and subcultural theory, including Wolfgang and Ferracuti's subculture of violence thesis, and shows that decolonization in the Caribbean island of St Vincent is accompanied by a decrease in the frequency of intragroup violence as the colonial model suggests.

TL;DR: It has been suggested that incorrect eyewitness identifications have led to more miscarriages of justice than all other factors combined and some writers have argued that eyewitness evidence should be used sparingly or not at all in the judicial process.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the history of political trials in the United States and found that radicals have faced juries which were both grossly unrepresentative of the general population and typically hostile to the ideas, life styles, and social origins of the defendants.

TL;DR: In this paper, it is argued that the study of economics is appropriate for, and would make a significant contribution to, criminal justice degree programs by enriching the understanding and augmenting the technical expertise of students who undertake that study.

TL;DR: In this article, a case study of one of the few applications of social impact assessment in a juvenile or criminal justice setting is provided, which is of a nationally acclaimed program model, the Community Arbitration Project (CAP), which was designed to improve the screening of juvenile delinquency cases before court.

TL;DR: In this paper, the perceived prestige of selected criminal justice/criminology journals was analyzed by comparing samples from the American Society of Criminology (ASC) and the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences (ACJS).

TL;DR: In this article, a survey of 25 criminal justice textbooks published since 1975 shows that the analysis of criminal justice retains a facts-without-theory flavor, and the theoretical frameworks of such social theorists as Durkheim, Marx, and Weber are suggested as sources to draw upon to develop an integrated comprehensive theory of the criminal justice system.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors make use of a very simple choice-theoretic model and econometric analysis to evaluate the control of motoring accidents in Norway, taking account of the impact of driving levels, traffic density, and road quality as well as alcohol consumption, the probability of convictions, and sanctions on the generation of accidents.

TL;DR: In this article, a discriminant analysis of both observational and records data from two juvenile court systems is used to assess differences in the type and activities of the people involved in legal processing of status and non-status offenders.