Showing papers in "Journal of Dairy Science in 2020"

TL;DR: A group of calf experts were assembled to evaluate current data and determine if changes to the passive immunity standards were necessary to reduce morbidity and possibly mortality in preweaned dairy calves.

TL;DR: Needed areas of study include determining natural levels of AR in dairy systems, standardizing and optimizing analytical techniques, and more studies of operating on-farm systems, so that treatment system performance and actual human health risks associated with levels of antibiotic residues, ARB, and ARG found in dairy manure can be accurately assessed.

TL;DR: The 4 most promising LAB strains showed probiotic potential and were identified as Lactobacillus casei, LactOBacillus plantarum (which produced plantaricin EF), Lact Obacillus fermentum, and Lact obacillus paracasei, which could be considered probiotic candidates with application in the food industry.

TL;DR: Current scientific knowledge about CBP is reviewed with the aim of providing a comprehensive tool for producers and researchers using this housing system to improve animal welfare.

TL;DR: Detailed differences in composition between sources of molasses were obtained and it was suggested that a more complete characterization could improve the use of molasse in ration formulation.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the consumption of probiotic Prato cheese can contribute to the reduction of postprandial glycemia in healthy individuals.

TL;DR: Given the rate at which inbreeding is increasing after the implementation of genomic selection, there is a need to implement measures and means for controlling the rate of inbreeding per year, which will help to manage and maintain farm animal genetic resources.

TL;DR: The results suggest that cows with tSCH well to early lactation, develop fewer disease or removal events than pSCH or dSCH, and cows with primiparous and multiparous cows withtSCH made more milk per day than NC, pS CH, ordSCH cows across the first 10 wk of lactation.

TL;DR: LnVar based on deviations from a quantile regression curve is a promising resilience indicator that can be used to breed cows that are better at coping with disturbances and is considered the best curve-fitting method.

TL;DR: This paper is a summary and compilation of information on dairy cattle heat stress over the years, as well as different ways to abate heat, all with varying levels of effectiveness.

TL;DR: Advanced technologies with potential to expand and improve the use of nisin as a dairy preservative are highlighted including nisin encapsulation technology, addition to active packaging, bioengineering, and combination with other antimicrobials.

TL;DR: Consumer perception of the sustainability of milk and dried dairy ingredients and their respective plant-based alternatives was characterized to identify 5 key attributes for sustainability: minimal carbon footprint/greenhouse gas emissions, few/no preservatives, animal happiness and welfare, and simple/minimal ingredients.

TL;DR: An update is given on the role of fatty acids, particularly originating from rumen biohydrogenation, as well as of rumen microbes in diet-induced milk fat depression, which seems to be multi-etiological.

TL;DR: This study isolated and identified lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from human colostrum, and screened 2 strains with probiotic potential, which have the potential for application as probiotics and will facilitate functional studies of probiotics in breast milk and the development of human milk-derived probiotics.

TL;DR: It is suggested that cow milk EV may transfer their miRNA to human cells and regulate recipient cell gene expression programming in a manner as complex as that of their mi RNA transcriptome.

TL;DR: Genomic selection was adopted very quickly in the 10 yr after first implementation, and breeders continue to find new uses for genomic testing, and predictions from international genomic databases are often more accurate and cost-effective than those from within-country databases that were previously designed for progeny testing.

TL;DR: In summary, late-gestation heat stress exerts carryover effects on at least 2 generations, and providing heat abatement to dry-pregnant dams is important to rescue milk loss of the dam and to prevent losses in their progeny.

TL;DR: The vast number of studies on compositional aspects of milk affecting heat stability are summarized to lead the way to the most recent work related to compositional changes in concentrates produced by membrane concentration and fractionation, respectively.

TL;DR: Gait measurement using accelerometers is rather underdeveloped, therefore, a high priority should be given to the development of novel gait measures and testing their ability to differentiate lame from nonlame cows.

TL;DR: 3-NOP decreased daily enteric CH4 emission, emission yield, and emission intensity, improved feed efficiency, and did not affect lactational performance or onset of ovarian activity in early-lactation dairy cows.

TL;DR: The results strongly suggest that bovine colostrum exosomes might be used as a prophylaxis to prevent the onset of osteoporosis, and offer promising alternative strategies in the nutritional management of age-related bone complications.

TL;DR: It is shown that different mastitis-causing bacteria can affect the fertility of cows differently, and mastitis events caused by major pathogens and gram-negative bacteria were associated with the greatest decrease in reproductive efficiency.

TL;DR: It is suggested that OEO supplementation can modify ruminal fermentation to alter VFA concentrations and reduce methane emissions by extensively altering the ruminal bacterial community, suggesting an optimal feeding rate for future animal studies of approximately 52 mg/L for mature ruminants.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that probiotics and prebiotics can promote the balance of intestinal microbiota by regulating specific microbes in the intestine, and the effects of a suitable combination ofsynbiotics are beneficial, laying the foundation for the development of new dairy products rich in synbiotics.

TL;DR: Recent changes and expected developments in housing systems for dairy cows should create an appropriate production environment for modern high-producing dairy cows and stimulate dairy farming-related developments in management, agro-technology, and equipment are described.

TL;DR: Increases in genetic gain, reproductive efficiency, cow comfort, and health care will increase the opportunity of herd managers to change productive lifespan to increase profitability, improve societal acceptance of dairy production, or both.

TL;DR: The present review aims at integrating recent scientific progress, such as discoveries about the role of the mammary gland in regulating bone mobilization, into generally accepted aspects of the endocrine control of Ca homeostasis.

TL;DR: Adding BSG to reduced-fat and nonfat yogurt can improve their physical and antioxidant properties to the level of FFY and the overall acceptability of sensory characteristics was improved in all groups of samples when BSG 1% concentration increased.

TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that miRNAs are important for the development of the intestines of the newborn and that the miRNA expression pattern in milk is likely to be influenced by maternal nutrition and environment.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated with these applications that it is possible to develop integrated continuous decision-support tools that could potentially reduce diet costs by $99/cow per yr and that it was possible to provide a new dimension for monitoring health events by identifying cows at higher risk of CM and by detecting 90% of CM cases a few milkings before disease onset.