Showing papers in "Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology in 2008"

TL;DR: Both the discharge pattern and muscle fiber properties of individual motor units can currently be analyzed non-invasively and this review presents the conditions and methodologies which allow the investigation of motor units with surface EMG.

TL;DR: Results show persistence of motor control changes following training and demonstrate that this training approach leads to motor learning of automatic postural control strategies.

TL;DR: The intrinsic foot muscles play a role in support of the medial longitudinal arch in static stance and disrupting the function of these muscles through fatigue resulted in an increase in pronation as assessed by navicular drop.

TL;DR: It was concluded that the changes in spatial muscle activity distribution play a role in the ability to maintain a static contraction.

TL;DR: It can be concluded that transfer of resistance training effects to balance recovery is feasible, and high-risk fallers could be identified based on maximum leg press push-off force capacity.

TL;DR: Investigation of the kinematic, kinetic, and electromyographic pattern before, during and after downward squatting when the trunk movement is restricted in the sagittal plane found it beneficial to practitioners for utilizing squatting as a task for improving motor function.

TL;DR: Results suggest that the neural excitation level to each muscle is determined by the required percentage of available force rather than the absolute force required, and that when using surface EMG to estimate muscle excitation, force should be normalised with respect to its maximum value at each angle.

TL;DR: Elderly individuals' adaptations to walking in water differ from those in the younger age group, and this fact should be considered when prescribing rehabilitation or fitness programs for these populations.

TL;DR: It is suggested that muscle recruitment is highly skilled in highly trained cyclists and less refined in novice cyclists, likely a result of neuromuscular adaptations due to repeated performance of the cycling movement in training and competition.

TL;DR: Evidence from experimental and clinical neck pain studies of pain-induced neuromuscular adaptations has relevance for the development of therapeutic interventions for the rehabilitation of patients with neck pain disorders.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the locomotion strategy employed before touchdown affects the stability of the stance phase and that muscle strength and tendon stiffness contributed significantly to stability control, and that, to reduce the risk of falls, older individuals may benefit from muscle-tendon unit strengthening programs as well as from interventions exercising the mechanisms responsible for dynamic stability.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the elderly redistribute the joint moments in order to maintain the task demands within 'safe' limits.

TL;DR: It is concluded that extent and pattern of movement of the hyoid bone and the epiglottis during swallowing were different according to etiology of dysphagia, and swallowing motion analysis could be applied to differentiate the mechanism of dysphAGia.

TL;DR: This investigation should serve as an initial study of repeatability of the presented method, and show largest influence to muscle fatigue rate and are also expected to be the best measure of the fatigue rate.

TL;DR: It is believed the works strongly suggests that the traditional exercise-based fall-prevention and whole-body, task-specific training can synergize to reduce falls and fall-related injury in older adults.

TL;DR: T-V bicycling test offers the advantage to be less time and energy-consuming and to be as repeatable as IMVC tests to measure peak EMG amplitude, and this normalization method avoids the impact of non-physiological factors on the amplitude of the EMG signals.

TL;DR: Four new interventions aimed at reducing fall risk in older adults by promoting more effective CIS reactions are described: balance training, balance-enhancing footwear, safer mobility aids, and handrail cueing systems.

TL;DR: The fall-prone group demonstrated poorer dynamic stability than the healthy elderly and young adult groups, indicating that group differences in walking speed could not fully explain the differences in stability.

TL;DR: The present result reveals that the incorporation of an EMG biofeedback into a physiotherapy exercise program could facilitate the activation of VMO muscle such that the muscle could be preferentially recruited during daily activities.

TL;DR: Results showed that a 15% body weight load significantly increased muscle activity at lower trapezius when the walking time reached 15 min, and it is suggested that backpack loads for children should be restricted to no more than 15%Body weight for walks of up to 20 min duration to avoid muscle fatigue.

TL;DR: Comparing muscle performance and fatigue produced during repetitive electrical stimulation using three different strategies showed that frequency-modulation showed better performance for both peak forces and force-time integrals in response to the fatiguing trains than pulse-duration- modulation, while producing similar levels of muscle fatigue.

TL;DR: In standing, global activity of upper limb was higher when the hand grip position was changed from brake level to the drops, but lower when the lateral sways of the bicycle were constrained, and these results seem to be related to the increase of the peak pedal force.

TL;DR: The findings of the present study support the validity of the Biering-Sørensen test for measuring back muscle fatigue and standardise it by using objective movement analysis when defining endurance time.

TL;DR: Differences between age groups in neuromotor and kinetic stair walking strategy do not depend upon the age-related decline in velocity alone, but rather reflect a uniform alteration.

TL;DR: Current studies indicate that IDP in sitting is unlikely to pose a threat to non-degenerate discs, and sitting is no worse than standing for disc degeneration or low back pain incidence.

TL;DR: Central activation failure and alterations in excitation-contraction coupling are probable mechanisms contributing to the moderate impairment of the neuromuscular function during prolonged tennis playing.

TL;DR: It is concluded that central mechanisms are the main cause of the lower torques developed by children and they appear to vary with age in prepubertal children.

TL;DR: A main finding of this work is the good repeatability of the EMG pattern during pedaling both in term of muscle activity level and muscle activation timing.

TL;DR: Neuromuscular training promoting equal preparatory muscle activity in the medial-to-lateral quadriceps and hamstrings may reduce the incidence of ACL injuries in females.

TL;DR: Walking in water elicits higher muscle activities, higher cardiorespiratory responses, and increased perceived exertion levels in older adults than walking on dry land at the same speed.