Showing papers in "Journal of Offender Rehabilitation in 2018"
TL;DR: This article used quantitative and qualitative data from the Multi-Site Family Study on Incarceration, Parenting, and Partnering (MFS-IP) to examine couple relationships during men's reen...
Abstract: In this article, we utilize quantitative and qualitative data from the Multi-Site Family Study on Incarceration, Parenting, and Partnering (MFS-IP) to examine couple relationships during men’s reen...
35 citations
TL;DR: This article studied how incarceration affects the father-child relationship, and how fathers connect with and support their children during their incarceration, and found that incarceration affects both the father and the child.
Abstract: Despite a substantial base of literature on father–child relationships, little is known about how incarceration affects these relationships, or how fathers connect with and support their children d...
28 citations
TL;DR: The Multisite Family Study on Incarceration, Parenting, and Partnering (MFS-IP) as discussed by the authors provides new insight on parenting and partnership during incarceration and reentry, using longitudinal data collected from 2008-2015 with 1,482 committed romantic or coparenting couples in which the male partner was incarcerated at baseline.
Abstract: Parenting and romantic partnership changes and challenges that occur in the context of incarceration are not yet fully understood, in part due to longstanding limitations in available data on the family lives of justice-involved individuals. This article reviews that prior work and introduces a set of new contributions in this volume of findings from the Multisite Family Study on Incarceration, Parenting, and Partnering (MFS-IP). The MFS-IP study brings new insight on parenting and partnership during incarceration and reentry, using longitudinal data collected from 2008–2015 with 1,482 committed romantic or coparenting couples in which the male partner was incarcerated at baseline.
22 citations
TL;DR: The authors analyzed data from 1,482 incarcerated men and their partners to examine the assets and challenges that families brought with them into the incarceration experience; their considerable efforts to maintain family life during an incarceration in the face of physical separation and other obstacles; and the areas of convergence and divergence in their expectations for family life after the male partner's release.
Abstract: It is widely recognized that a father’s incarceration strains a family, but too little is known about preincarceration family life, how families divided by incarceration navigate the imprisonment, and what they expect for postrelease family life. We analyze data from 1,482 incarcerated men and their partners to examine the assets and challenges that families brought with them into the incarceration experience; their considerable efforts to maintain family life during an incarceration in the face of physical separation and other obstacles; and the areas of convergence and divergence in their expectations for family life after the male partner’s release.
22 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used data from 666 different-sex couples who re-entered from prison and found that reentry from prison could be a time of heightened intimate partner violence risk.
Abstract: Qualitative and preliminary quantitative research suggests that reentry from prison could be a time of heightened intimate partner violence (IPV) risk. Using data from 666 different-sex couples who...
20 citations
TL;DR: Despite awareness that a criminal record negatively affects employment prospects and that releasees are likely to internalize the stigma of their criminal history, the ramifications of such process have not been explored as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Despite awareness that a criminal record negatively affects employment prospects and that releasees are likely to internalize the stigma of their criminal history, the ramifications of such process...
18 citations
TL;DR: A majority of men incarcerated are fathers, but little research has been conducted on the children's well-being after their father's release from incarceration as discussed by the authors. But they measured changes in internalizing...
Abstract: A majority of men incarcerated are fathers, but little research has been conducted on the children’s well-being after their father’s release from incarceration. We measured changes in internalizing...
16 citations
TL;DR: Overall, the results suggest that the TCU Drug Screen 5 is comparable to the TCUdrug Screen II with the added potential benefit of DSM-5 conformity and severity specifiers.
Abstract: The TCU Drug Screen II, a widely used instrument for identifying substance use problems, was originally developed based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders III-R criteria. In 2013, the American Psychiatric Association revised the criteria and classification scheme for substance use disorders (SUDs) with the publication of the DSM-5. Subsequently, the TCU Drug Screen was modified to reflect the updated DSM-5. The current study examines the concordance of the TCU Drug Screen II and TCU Drug Screen 5 with adult and juvenile justice-involved samples. Both versions were administered to 305 adult male and 310 juvenile male justice-involved clients as part of standard intake procedures. Results revealed a high level of agreement between the two versions; however, the TCU Drug Screen 5 detected significantly more cases of SUDs, the majority of which corresponded to a mild SUD. Results documented appropriate discrimination in meeting diagnostic thresholds among both age groups, with fewer adolescents identified as having a disorder. Overall, the results suggest that the TCU Drug Screen 5 is comparable to the TCU Drug Screen II with the added potential benefit of DSM-5 conformity and severity specifiers.
15 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, 40 mentors who volunteered with a faith-based diversion and reentry program in southwestern Indiana were interviewed, and they revealed strong desire to help others, with religiosity driving their motivation to work with ex-offenders.
Abstract: Faith-based programs are becoming more common in corrections, with most research examining offenders. Little attention has been paid to volunteers who work with offenders within these programs. In this project, 40 mentors who volunteered with a faith-based diversion and reentry program in southwestern Indiana were interviewed. Mentors revealed strong desires to help others, with religiosity driving their motivation to work with ex-offenders. Based on their mentoring experiences, mentors stated they were more sympathetic and their perspectives of ex-offenders and the conditions leading to crime had changed, including an increased awareness of problems related to reentry like housing, employment needs, and substance abuse.
14 citations
TL;DR: This article examined a nationally representative sample of state inmates with co-occurring disorders (CODs) to consider their background, and ascertain whether inmate gender is related to their access to men.
Abstract: We examine a nationally representative sample of state inmates with co-occurring disorders (CODs) to consider their background, and ascertain whether inmate gender is related to their access to men...
13 citations
TL;DR: In the United States, there are increasing numbers of Veterans Treatment Courts (VTCs) that have been developed to improve Veteran reintegration as mentioned in this paper, and a scoping study examined VTC scholarship publishe...
Abstract: In the United States, there are increasing numbers of Veterans Treatment Courts (VTCs) that have been developed to improve Veteran reintegration. Our scoping study examined VTC scholarship publishe...
TL;DR: This article described a demonstration project conducted over two years with men from a maximum-security prison in southeastern PA. The project's core strategy was to identify inmates with history of sexual abuse.
Abstract: This article describes a demonstration project conducted over two years with men from a maximum-security prison in southeastern PA. The project’s core strategy was to identify inmates with history ...
TL;DR: This article examined the effects of program timing and duration on recidivism outcomes among 1,879 offenders released from Minnesota prisons in 2005 and found that the point at which prisoners entered programming...
Abstract: This study examined the effects of program timing and duration on recidivism outcomes among 1,879 offenders released from Minnesota prisons in 2005. The point at which prisoners entered programming...
TL;DR: The Multisite Family Study on Incarceration, Partnering and Parenting documented the implementation and effectiveness of family-strengthening programming for incarcerated and reentering men.
Abstract: The Multisite Family Study on Incarceration, Partnering and Parenting documented the implementation and effectiveness of family-strengthening programming for incarcerated and reentering men and the...
TL;DR: The structure and function of social support networks among delinquent youth eight years after detention are described and underscore the importance of expanding social supports for delinquent youth as they age.
Abstract: Supportive social networks are key to the successful transition to young adulthood. Yet, we know little about networks of delinquent youth, a population at risk for disrupted social connections. This study describes the structure and function of social support networks among delinquent youth eight years after detention; median age 24 years. Nearly one-fifth of participants had no one that they could count on, and one-third had only one person in their support network. Participants tended to have very dense networks composed almost entirely of family. Findings underscore the importance of expanding social supports for delinquent youth as they age.
TL;DR: The Multisite Family Study on Incarceration, Partnering, and Parenting documented the impact of couples-based relationship education on intimate relationship quality; parenting and coparenting qualitatively as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The Multisite Family Study on Incarceration, Partnering, and Parenting documented the impact of couples-based relationship education on intimate relationship quality; parenting and coparenting qual...
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of rehabilitation on an important demographic in prison (offenders with diabetics) are discussed. But, researchers have often overlooked its effects on a subset of prisoners.
Abstract: Offender rehabilitation has received widespread attention in the field of criminology. However, researchers have often overlooked its effects on an important demographic in prison—offenders with di...
TL;DR: In this paper, a pilot study assessed whether police officers and juvenile justice personnel reported improved attitudes toward youth and knowledge about de-escalation skills after attending Policing the Teen Challenge.
Abstract: This pilot study assessed whether police officers and juvenile justice personnel reported improved attitudes toward youth and knowledge about de-escalation skills after attending Policing the Teen ...
TL;DR: Studies of batterer intervention programs (BIPs) have primarily focused on assessing program efficacy through reassault or recidivism rates with mixed results as discussed by the authors, and few studies have sought to de...
Abstract: Studies of batterer intervention programs (BIPs) have primarily focused on assessing program efficacy through reassault or recidivism rates with mixed results. Few studies have sought to de...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined factors such as stigma and discrimination that constrain women's movement out of prostitution, and used a case study to examine the effects of stigma on women exiting prostitution.
Abstract: Exiting prostitution is an often complicated, arduous process. Many barriers constrain women’s movement out of prostitution. Factors such as stigma are rarely examined. Utilizing a case study appro...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used longitudinal data from 666 re-entry re-sentence re-encampments to show that partner violence may occur in the context of relationship dissolution among couples in which the male partner is reentering from prison.
Abstract: Prior work suggests that partner violence may occur in the context of relationship dissolution among couples in which the male partner is reentering from prison. Using longitudinal data from 666 re...
TL;DR: However, these findings may overestimate the effectiveness of CBT in reducing rates of prison misconduct as mentioned in this paper, which may not be the case for all cases. But, treatment effects from CBT-based interventions can significantly reduce rates of prisoner misconduct.
Abstract: Recent scholarship suggests treatment effects from cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) based interventions can significantly reduce rates of prison misconduct. However, these findings may overestima...
TL;DR: In this paper, the role of violence in the life of a mentally disordered offender before and during incarceration was examined and the results suggest that the likelihood of victimization varies based on specific diagnoses.
Abstract: The present study examines the role of violence in the life of a mentally disordered offender before and during incarceration. This article evaluates prior victimization, prison victimization, and the rate of violent crimes against individuals who have been professionally diagnosed with a mental illness. The results suggest there is a clear relationship between mental illness, victimization before incarceration, and the likelihood of committing a violent crime. However, there is a less clear indication of the relationship between mental illness and victimization during incarceration. The results suggest that the likelihood of victimization varies based on specific diagnoses.
TL;DR: In this paper, the salient factors that led to increased levels of psychological distress for 87 Indigenous people in custody in Victoria, Australia were identified, and the protective qualities of these salient factors were investigated.
Abstract: This study sought to identify the salient factors prompting increased levels of psychological distress for 87 Indigenous people in custody in Victoria, Australia. The protective qualities o...
TL;DR: The Texas Department of Criminal Justice's Community Justice Assistance Division (CJAD) requested a task analysis to validate its probation officer certification examination as discussed by the authors, using survey data from 361 probation officers.
Abstract: The Texas Department of Criminal Justice’s Community Justice Assistance Division (CJAD) requested a task analysis to validate its probation officer certification examination. Survey data from 361 c...
TL;DR: High rates of unprotected sexual behavior may place formerly incarcerated Black Americans at risk for sexually transmitted infections and discharge planning programs that include STI/HIV prevention information and education may be useful for this population.
Abstract: Black Americans are overrepresented among incarcerated individuals and those infected with sexually transmitted infections. We assessed unprotected sexual behavior among 165 formerly incarcerated Black Americans in New York City, New York. Most participants (63%) reported engaging in unprotected sexual behavior post-incarceration. According to our regression results, less time spent in jail and reporting multiple sexual partnerships were associated with a greater likelihood of engaging in unprotected sexual behavior. High rates of unprotected sexual behavior may place formerly incarcerated Black Americans at risk for sexually transmitted infections. Discharge planning programs that include STI/HIV prevention information and education may be useful for this population.
TL;DR: Findings challenge assumptions regarding psychopathic offenders’ treatment-seeking behaviors and reveal psychopathic inmates did not artificially seek treatment at a higher rate than their lower-psychopathy peers during or following incarceration.
Abstract: The notion that high psychopathy inmates seek treatment for non-therapeutic reasons is frequently assumed but lacking empirical evidence. In a sample of 217 suburban jail inmates, we examined whether psychopathy differentially predicted treatment-seeking during incarceration (when extrinsic benefits exist), but not post-release. Overall, analyses revealed no evidence to support this notion. High psychopathy offenders did not artificially seek treatment at a higher rate than their less psychopathic peers during or following incarceration. Further, there was no evidence psychopathy was associated with treatment-seeking for present-oriented reasons (e.g., to reduce their sentence) during incarceration. Inmates high in psychopathy, particularly Factor 1, were more likely to request access to the jail law library than their lower-psychopathy peers. Taken together, these findings challenge common assumptions regarding psychopathic offenders' treatment-seeking behaviors and motivations. Clinicians can anticipate that inmates seeking treatment will represent the full range of psychopathy, both during incarceration and upon rejoining the community.
TL;DR: In this paper, a dual framework of differential association and the risk-need-responsivity model was used to investigate how peer criminality, peer support, and religious or spiritual support impact substance use during reentry.
Abstract: Using a dual framework of differential association and the risk-need-responsivity model, this study uses data from the Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative to investigate how peer criminality, peer support, and religious or spiritual support impact substance use during reentry. Results indicate that less peer criminality and more religious/spiritual support relate to lower levels of substance use, and in both independent and interdependent ways. However, results also suggest that religious/spiritual support interacts with high amounts of peer support to increase substance use. Collectively, the three elements of risks, needs, and responses may be intertwined in the case of peer influence and religious/spiritual support.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors carried out a cost benefit analysis of early childhood education for preventing reincarceration and estimated the external benefits that accrue to society as a whole, in terms of the s...
Abstract: This article carries out a cost benefit analysis of early childhood education for preventing reincarceration. It estimates the external benefits that accrue to society as a whole, in terms of the s...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored differences among those who chose to engage in TVRS and those who did not after receiving the deterrence messaging, finding no difference in overall LSC-R score between those who participated and did not engage, although there were clear nonsignificant differences with specific types of trauma.
Abstract: Pulling-levers deterrence strategies work to reduce firearm violence through engaging known violent offenders. As having a history of personal trauma contributes to increased firearm violence, a better understanding of the role of trauma can help to strategically develop engagement strategies. This study uses baseline data from Trenton Violence Reduction Strategy (TVRS) to explore differences among those who chose to engage in TVRS and those who did not after receiving the deterrence messaging. Results show no difference in overall LSC-R score between those who did and did not engage, although there are clear nonsignificant differences with specific types of trauma.