Showing papers in "Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods in 2002"

TL;DR: A review of the most commonly used methods for examining heterologous HERG currents, as well as some of the technical problems that may be encountered and their solutions can be found in this paper.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the choice of single or double chamber plethysmograph for physiological measurements should be linked to the study objectives and the type of data required.

TL;DR: The best mathematical relationship is obtained from analysis of data obtained from exercise tests or 24-h Holter tapes, and is used to determine the QT interval at a heart rate of 60 bpm, theQT(60).

TL;DR: This method will facilitate the study of gene and protein expression in the mesenteric vasculature in response to pharmacologic treatments and in disease states.

TL;DR: The optimum intraperitoneal dose of CCl(4) was found to be 2 ml/kg body weight (dissolved in an equal volume of olive oil), and this increased the level of bilirubin and the activity of the three enzymes significantly, without causing death of the animals.

TL;DR: The data establish the assay as a method for assessing the H2O2 quenching activity of lipid-soluble antioxidants, including beta-carotene, butylated hydroxytoluene

TL;DR: The utility of a radiotelemetric probe to provide continuous, long-term measurements of tail skin temperature (T(sk) in undisturbed rats is demonstrated and the probe is relatively inexpensive and is used with no surgery and provides long- term measurement (e.g., >24 h) in unrestrained rats.

TL;DR: Beat-to-beat analysis and binning allows accurate determination of the QT/RR relationship and assessment of QT prolongation without recourse to mathematical modelling and highlights the importance of assessing QT effects in well-trained animals over a range of heart rates.

TL;DR: Although earlier studies and those from the literature indicate a good correlation between in vivo and placental perfusion data, the present study shows this is not the case for all drugs.

TL;DR: A mouse gastric emptying assay that features a favorable throughput and the use of a semisolid, high-calorie meal and is capable of detecting either stimulation or inhibition of gastric motor activity is developed.

TL;DR: A novel model of liver culture is developed that may prove useful in both studies of the mechanisms of liver fibrosis and in developing therapeutic strategies, and could be pharmacologically inhibited by SDZ-RAD.

TL;DR: The present study demonstrates a sensitive and reproducible methodology capable of screening human PARP inhibitors in high-throughput format and validate a nonradioactive PARP assay suitable for HTS.

TL;DR: The multimilligram quantities of glucuronide standards produced by this method have many applications throughout drug discovery and toxicology and could also be used to assess potential pharmacological or toxicological effects of metabolites.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the application of dominant negative nuclear receptors has utility in transient transfection studies aimed at discerning the regulatory role of individual nuclear receptor transcription factors in inducible hepatic gene expression, provided that appropriate controls are employed.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the measurement of the SI in the cortex and medulla of the lymph node using BrdU immunohistochemistry could provide a useful method to screen irritants and allergens.

TL;DR: The proposed method may be useful for the screening of nontoxic compounds that can modulate ROS production by IC-stimulated PMNs, since their potential as sources of new drugs is still largely unexplored.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that significant quantitative variations existed in the expression levels of ET-1, ET-3, ECE- 1, and ETA and ETB receptor subtype mRNAs within a tissue and between different regions of the genitourinary tract and that the predominant expression of ETs and their receptor m RNAs in all tissues studied were ET- 1 and the ETA receptor sub type, respectively.

TL;DR: A robust protocol for inducing ischaemia-reperfusion injury and preconditioning in the in vivo mouse heart appeared to strike the most appropriate balance between large infarct volumes with the risk of heart failure and excessively small infarCTs.

TL;DR: In mice, photoactivation of Rose Bengal evoked similar infarct and transition zone patterns found previously in rats, with TUNEL evidence of apoptotic and nonapoptotic events.

TL;DR: An approach was developed and validated for real-time quantitation of neuronal NO production in rats without restricting locomotor activity or other potentially useful behavioral endpoints and will be invaluable in evaluating pharmacologic issues regarding brain tissue NO synthesis, assessing brain NO synthase as a molecular target, and establishing the effects of pharmacologic agents on neuronal No production.

TL;DR: Validation studies in which micro CT is a valid method to quantify the mass of individual adipose tissue depots in mice suggest this methodology may be particularly useful for the longitudinal assessment of the effects of drug intervention on adipOSE tissue depot mass.

TL;DR: The increase in the antioxidant capacity of human plasma during pharmacological supplementation with antioxidant illustrates one of the various fields of application of this assay.

TL;DR: A reporter gene assay for evaluating and monitoring estrogen activities by estrogen-like compounds and xenoestrogens, which is based on the promoters from the human estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) gene is reported.

TL;DR: The present results indicate that this IMI infusion technique has limited application for delivery of vasodilator agents, in part because counterregulatory vasoconstrictor mechanisms are activated.

TL;DR: Although this nuclear fraction is less purified in sarcoplasmic reticulum markers than the microsomal fraction, it is more suitable for studying Ca(2+) release through ryanodine receptors, primarily because it is less contaminated with vesicles from the plasma membrane which are able to take up Ca( 2+) but are insensitive to caffeine.

TL;DR: An ELISA-based strategy using an immunotoxin to capture human anti-immunotoxin antibodies provides a consistently accurate technology for screening and monitoring patient serum specimens in clinical trials.

TL;DR: The improved method employing fluorescent dye-labeled bovine serum albumin is easy to use and sensitive and does not necessitate extraction of dye from the skin.

TL;DR: It is suggested that allergic nasal obstruction in the guinea pig may not be the best preclinical approach to assess the nasal decongestant activity of vasoconstrictor alpha-adrenergic agonists.

TL;DR: In vitro induction of 30 in-house compounds in reporter gene system did not correlate with in vivo induction in rat liver microsome measured by ethoxyresorufin-O-dealkylation (EROD) activity, but had a reasonable correlation with Western blot signals.

TL;DR: It was concluded that the ELISA technique developed was useful for measuring the humoral immune response in this animal model and that in these preliminary studies, lead showed an immunostimulating action on the humoran immune system.