Showing papers in "Life Sciences in 2011"

TL;DR: Experimental studies provide the biochemical bases to the understanding of MeHg neurotoxicity, contributing to the discovery of endogenous and exogenous molecules that counteract such toxicity and provide efficacious means for ablating this vicious cycle.

TL;DR: Lupeol has been found to be pharmacologically effective in treating various diseases under preclinical settings (in animal models) irrespective of varying routes of administration viz; topical, oral, intra-peritoneal and intravenous as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: A better understanding about the cross talk between activation of microglia and astrocytes would be helpful to elucidate the role of glial cells in pathological conditions, which could accelerate the development of treatment for various diseases.

TL;DR: This review discusses the latest mechanistic aspects of acetaminophen hepatotoxicity and demonstrates ways to assess the mechanisms of drug action and design experiments needed to avoid pitfalls and incorrect conclusions.

TL;DR: In vitro metabolism of CBD with human liver microsomes indicated that CBD was extensively metabolized by HLMs, and suggested that CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 may be major isoforms responsible for 6α-, 6β-, 7-, and/or 4″-hydroxylations of CBD in HLMs.

TL;DR: The findings suggest that the increase in the intracellular ROS level via Nox4 mediates adipocyte differentiation through CREB in MSC, which will provide new insight into the drug development for obesity.

TL;DR: These findings may provide an explanation of the neuroprotective effect of quercetin and rutin, suggesting that they could be dietary phytochemicals able to revert the β-amyloid toxicity in vivo.

TL;DR: Findings strongly indicate that mtDNA copy number alterations may exert a crucial role in the pathogenic mechanisms of tumor development.

TL;DR: The "fetal origin of adult disease Hypothesis" originally described by Barker et al. identified the relationship between impaired in utero growth and adult cardiovascular disease risk and death and is essential for the treatment of upcoming generations.

TL;DR: CBD most potently inhibited catalytic activity of human CYP3A enzymes, especially CYP1A4 and CYP2A5, and these results suggest that two phenolic hydroxyl groups in the resorcinol moiety of CBD may play an important role in the CYP 3A inhibition.

TL;DR: The findings suggest that HF consumption can lead to the elevation of corticosterone and peripheral insulin resistance, which could contribute to neuronal insulin resistance and neuronal stress.

TL;DR: The detailed characterization of diverse EGFR forms released by pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and presumably in vivo bears important implications for functional studies, for the validation of soluble EGFR as a serum biomarker and for the design of targeted therapies.

TL;DR: In this context, it is discussed how the membrane-acting toxins called cytolysins can be a potential new tool for GBM treatment.

TL;DR: Findings across studies indicate that stimulant use promotes more rapid HIV disease progression and the effects of substance use on HIV disease progress can persist after controlling for self-reported HAART non-adherence.

TL;DR: complexity underlying the relationship between efflux transporters and CYP makes it difficult to predict the outcome of HAART as such, particularly when HIV patients taking drugs of abuse do not adhere to HAART regimens.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that gene-specific reductions in DMEs can affect specific drugs metabolized by these enzymes, thus providing a rationale to monitor the effectiveness of drug therapy in obese individuals.

TL;DR: Hypoxia preconditioning preserved cell biology, as evidenced by preservation of oxidant status, and cell viability, and the beneficial effect of HPC can be assessed non-invasively using molecular imaging.

TL;DR: Dietary supplementation of aloe components ameliorates intestinal inflammatory responses in a DSS-induced ulcerative colitis rat model and aloesin was the most potent inhibitor.

TL;DR: The emerging potential mechanisms for flavonoids on Wnt/β-catenin signaling in cancer and possible investigation strategies to understand flavonoid mode of action on this signaling pathway are discussed.

TL;DR: Findings indicate that both compounds are able to prevent 3T3-L1 differentiation by inhibition of the mitotic clonal expansion and downregulation of the adipogenesis related genes.

TL;DR: The results suggest that nobiletin and tangeretin are promising therapeutic candidates for the prevention and treatment of insulin resistance by modulating the adipocytokine secretion balance.

TL;DR: Both stabilizing and destabilizing/denaturant aspects of osmolytes are discussed to uncover both sides of the coin and to determine their precise role under physiological conditions.

TL;DR: It was found that pinocembrin significantly ameliorated neurological deficits and brain edema, and alleviated the degree of hippocampal neuronal loss at 24h after global cerebral I/R with a broad therapeutic time window, which may be attributed to its antioxidative, antiinflammatory and antiexcitotoxic effects.

TL;DR: The results suggest that EGCG reduces adipogenesis through an arrest of cell cycle and a blockage of adipose phenotype expression and suggest that the anti-obesity activity of green tea may be partially attributed to its suppressive effects in adipogenesis.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided that L. casei could act as a potent nutraceutical modulator for OA treatment by reducing pain, inflammatory responses, and articular cartilage degradation.

TL;DR: It is suggested that brucine can be used as a potential anticancer agent as an antimetastatic and anti-angiogenic agent in vitro and in vivo.

TL;DR: The present data suggest that inhibition of the proteasome by low-dose MG132 has a preventive effect on DN development and progression in rats through the up-regulation of antioxidant genes.

TL;DR: Data examining the associations between substance abuse and HIV treatment and potential strategies to improve outcomes in this population that warrant further investigation are reviewed.

TL;DR: It was observed that formula F7 provided maximum inhibition of paw edema in rats over 24h in contrast to both formula F1 and the marketed piroxicam gel as a reference, and it was shown that tenoxicam can be formulated into transdermal films to sustain its release characteristics.

TL;DR: The very extensive antagonization of diclofenac toxicity achieved with BPC 157 (μg-/ng-regimen, intraperitoneally, per-orally) may encourage its further use as a therapy to counteract dicL ofenac- and other NSAID-induced toxicity.