Showing papers in "Research in Social Stratification and Mobility in 2018"

TL;DR: In this article, the authors apply a dynamic panel data estimator (system GMM) to account for both unobserved confounders and reverse causality, and find strong support for the causality thesis.

TL;DR: Zhang et al. as mentioned in this paper investigated socioeconomic inequality in urban labor markets and the role played by successful and unsuccessful conversion to urban hukou status for those of rural origins, and found that the effect of urban status on earnings is positively associated with the propensity of huxou conversion to the urban status, and that the urban Hukou only pays off among people with better education and higher status occupations within the state sector.

TL;DR: This paper studied educational inequalities by socioeconomic background in nine countries, across time using a difference-in-difference design and international student assessment data collected among eighth-graders, and found that socioeconomic inequalities are more strongly reduced in systems that have transformed their educational system from tracked to comprehensive education than in systems without this reform.

TL;DR: This paper found that only around half of the effects of individuals' social origins on their educational attainment are mediated via their cognitive ability, as measured in early life. But the mediating role of cognitive ability changes little in importance as individuals' educational careers progress, with the possible exception of an educational threshold relating to upper secondary qualifications.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the direct effect of social origin on occupational attainment over the early life course of Italian and Dutch men in the period 1946-2005, based on cross-country and cross-cohort comparisons, explore the role of the context in favouring the direct transmission of social advantages.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed how different dimensions of parents' socio-economic standing (SES) in education, occupation, income, and wealth structure horizontal attainment in secondary tracks and tertiary fields.

TL;DR: The opposite-increasing inequality is associated with increasing hukou intermarriage, particularly between urban men and rural women, which is consistent with the hypothesis that the costs of marrying down may be outweighed by the incentives to marry up in this context.

TL;DR: This article showed that trade union decline, occurring within the context of deindustrialization and the offshoring of routinemanufacturing jobs, creates more profound distributional effects than these factors would create in isolation.

TL;DR: The authors assesses the extent to which fields of study and postsecondary institutional sectors serve as mechanisms to preserve social stratification in Scottish higher education and find that women are overrepresented in fields with higher labor market returns.

TL;DR: The findings suggest that the decentralization of China's hukOU system and subsequent varying hukou policies have made hukous locality an increasingly salient factor in shaping migrants' integration and social inequality.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the relationship between birth order and educational attainment in Sweden and showed that while the net effect of birth order on educational attainment is negative, later-born children often spend longer in education.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined whether intergenerational social mobility co-vary with the development of income and wealth, focusing on whether the impact of family background on wealth, education, and earnings changes over time and in the same way.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors apply survival analysis to examine gender variations in retention at different levels of school education in India, and find that a high proportion of enrolled students generally complete primary levels and there is a sharp dropout of both boys and girls.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on early labour market trajectories of Turkish and Maghreb origin women who graduated in Belgium (Flanders) between 2005 and 2016 and assess whether there are ethnic differentials in entering a sustainable employment spell, operationalised as an employment spell of at least four consecutive quarters.

TL;DR: In this paper, a multilevel panel model of the interaction between intergenerational occupational mobility and locus of control on subjective well-being (SWB) is presented.

TL;DR: The authors argue that class and status measured by occupationally based stratification variables are too strongly mutually associated for this to be a reliable approach and suggest alternative and more accurate usages of Weber's concepts of status.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored two frameworks for measuring income volatility using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, and found that a large proportion of income volatility is explained by the income trend line.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the relationship between social background and the transition to a doctoral degree, based on data from a longitudinal study (N = 2214) conducted in Germany, and found that nearly half of the social background effect can be attributed to differences in final secondary school and university marks and performance on standardised tests.

TL;DR: In this article, inequalities in educational outcomes as well as education effects on the occupational status of prime-age workers across 21 countries were analyzed, considering two distinct aspects of educational outcomes (credentials and measured worker skills).

TL;DR: It is concluded that the task-based approach to conceptualising how occupations determine the wage structure is a promising avenue for future research and some recommendations on how to proceed are outlined.

TL;DR: This article found that first-generation college graduates enjoy access to many of the same labor market outcomes of their multi-generational college graduate peers, but they lag behind in measures of numeracy.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the role of the parents' education level and their socio-economic status in the educational achievement of their children and found that religious community engagement is related to better academic performance only when the share of co-ethnics in a residential area is low.

TL;DR: The findings show that Argentina and Italy have different levels of wellbeing, mortality rates, and health services, but relative disparities in health seem very similar, confirming the hypothesis of Marmot (2017) about the general form of health inequalities.

TL;DR: The authors measured changes in individual subjective well-being (SWB) over a three year period of declining income inequality in Iceland using growth mixture modelling, and found that these differing shifts in SWB coincide with diminishing income inequality and class division.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the differences in intergenerational transmission between residential and non-residential fathers and found that nonresidential fatherhood might disrupt mechanisms that are assumed to be crucial for intra-family transmission, such as regular contact between parents and children.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined whether black and white coaches have different job-level mobility patterns throughout their careers using optimal matching sequence analysis and identified five common career trajectories within the college football coaching profession that are distinguished by their relative levels of job mobility and stagnation, and the amount of time spent at lower college and high school levels of competition before reaching the highest level of college football.

TL;DR: For example, the authors found that severely overeducated workers with bachelor's or graduate degrees were less satisfied with their career progress than those with high school degrees, and these people also assessed their progress negatively, which accounted for their lower work satisfaction.

TL;DR: This paper study the evolution of intergenerational inequality of college attainment in the United States over the 20th century and show that a rise in the costs of college education and in inequality in economic resources by social origins lead to an increase in educational attainment.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used difference-in-difference propensity score matching to estimate the extent to which purchases of domestic work implies increased time in paid work approximated by earnings.

TL;DR: In this article, a rational action model of neighborhood effects on educational outcomes is elaborated as a theoretical alternative, using data on the transition to secondary school in Switzerland as an illustration, and spatial probit models are estimated to directly test neighborhood effects at the individual level.