Showing papers in "Safety Science in 2009"

TL;DR: In this article, the authors compare the effects of two different attacks for the network robustness against cascading failures, i.e., removal by either the descending or ascending orders of the loads.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify good practices in safety management, and analyse the effect of these practices on a set of indicators of organisational performance, including safety performance, competitiveness performance, and economic-financial performance.

TL;DR: This study shows that automatic analysis and detection of EEG changes is possible by SVM and SVM is a good candidate for developing pre-emptive automatic drowsiness detection systems for driving safety.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined three aspects of accident investigation as described in a number of investigation manuals and found that the factors considered were in general (hu)man, technology, organization, and information.

TL;DR: In this paper, an overview of the literature on human error in road transport is presented, and a taxonomy of road transport error causing factors, derived from the review of the driver error literature, is also presented.

TL;DR: A survey using a questionnaire was conducted among 2536 employees in eight major accident hazard chemical industrial units in Kerala as discussed by the authors, where 75% of the data collected was subjected to principal component factor analysis with varimax rotation using SPSS program.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reflect on the evolution of accident causation models and accident investigation methods over time, revealing a gradual shift from searching for a single immediate cause, to the recognition of multiple causes.

TL;DR: The tradition of "blaming the victim" is hereby questioned and focus is put on the need for professionals to act based on new standards for road- and street design, based on some of the principles in Vision Zero.

TL;DR: Hofstede et al. as mentioned in this paper reviewed published literature on cross-cultural differences in attitudes, perceptions and beliefs regarding safety and presented details of a study examining the relationship between Hofstede's [Hofstadede, G., 1984. Culture's Consequences; International Differences in Work-Related Values, Abridged edition.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that issues of culture and power are so intertwined that safety culture research should incorporate perspectives of power and conflict in order to give a realistic account of the dynamics of organizational life.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a method for assessing health and safety management systems (MAHS) that has two innovative characteristics: (a) it brings together the three main auditing approaches to Health and safety (HS) and (b) it emphasizes the resilience engineering perspective on HS, which takes into consideration four major principles (flexibility, learning, awareness, and top management commitment) underlie seven major assessment criteria, which in turn are divided into items.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine cultural differences in risk perception and attitudes towards traffic safety and risk, taking behaviour in the Norwegian and the Ghanaian public, and discuss the applicability of various traffic measures, suited for low and middle income countries in Africa.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors assess whether the performance of safety management systems (SMSs) adopting and non-adopting companies statistically differ and assess whether SMS adopters experience significantly higher performance against defined safety and security goals and their communication to employees.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated local construction workers' behaviour, perception and attitude toward safety, and found that workers operating in a more collective and higher uncertainty avoidance environment are more likely to have safety awareness and beliefs, which can exhibit safer on-site behaviour.

TL;DR: In this paper, a simultaneous equations model of crash frequencies by collision type is developed and presented using crash data for rural intersections in Georgia and results support the notion of the presence of significant common unobserved factors across crash types.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored how owners of small enterprises attribute accident causation and what they learn about accident prevention after an accident, and found that after a relatively serious accident the owners predominantly attribute the incident to unforeseeable circumstances, and secondarily to worker faults.

TL;DR: This is a systematic review of literature published since 1992 to determine the effectiveness of interventions in preventing workplace violence and to suggest interventions that need further evaluation research.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a set of principles for organizational safety risk analysis and develop a safety risk framework, named Socio-Technical Risk Analysis (SoTeRiA), which integrates the technical system risk models with the social (safety culture and safety climate) and structural (safety practices) aspects of safety prediction models.

TL;DR: In this article, two error identification tools, the Human factors analysis and classification system (HFACS) and the Technique for the retrospective and predictive analysis of cognitive errors (TRACEr-rail version), used as the means of identifying and classifying train driver errors associated with rail accidents/incidents in Australia.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of music's emotional valence on driving behavior was investigated in a simulator and the results showed that happy music distracted drivers the most as their mean speed unexpectedly decreased and their lateral control deteriorated, while sad music influenced drivers in a different way as they drove slowly and kept their vehicle in its lane.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used Bayesian networks to identify the causes of workplace accidents involving auxiliary equipment, such as the adoption of incorrect postures during work and a worker's inadequate knowledge of safety regulations.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a framework of cognitive strategies in error detection that would make human performance resilient to changes in work demands, such as rehearsing tasks for future execution, bringing into conscious attention routine tasks, seeing how trajectories change over time, and cross-checking data for reliability.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss how the growing interest in corporate social responsibility can contribute to improving the implementation of adequate systems of prevention, and study to what extent OHS issues are present in the field of CSR, and consequently determine which aspects have received the most attention, and which are less well developed.

TL;DR: Based on the association rules discovered from the analysis, it was concluded that there is a significant correlation between lack of illumination and high severity of crashes and under rainy conditions straight sections with vertical curves are particularly crash prone.

TL;DR: In this article, a new methodology for risk evaluation is proposed with the aim to overcome limitations of the classical approaches, which takes into account effects of human behavior and environment on risk level, other than the classical injury magnitude and occurrence probability of an accident.

TL;DR: Using a sample of 190 engineering and occupational safety students from two universities, it is found that agreeableness, conscientiousness, prevention regulatory focus, and fatalism related significantly to all six safety attitudes examined.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors derived an ordered probit regression model to study perceived collision risks, and the results demonstrate that a framework based on the probabilistic risk assessment model can be used to give a better understanding of collision risk and to define a more appropriate level of evasive actions.

TL;DR: The case raises issues on which conditions are enabling or hindering written procedures to be perceived as a tool at the service of safety.