Showing papers in "Survey of Ophthalmology in 1993"

TL;DR: Measurements obtained with Goldmann-type tonometers can be used with confidence to monitor changes in the intraocular pressure of an individual, but should not be relied on to determine the absolute manometric pressure within an eye or to compare the IOPs in eyes of different individuals.

TL;DR: Several hypotheses regarding the pathogenesis of Fuchs' dystrophy are discussed, including the possible influences of aberrant embryogenesis, hormones, and injury on the development of the disease.

TL;DR: Current knowledge about the systemic absorption of ocularly applied topical drugs is summarized and special emphasis is directed to the methods that can be used to minimize systemic absorption and increase the oculospecificity of drugs, e.g., reducing volume and increasing viscosity of eyedrops.

TL;DR: The frequent association of DRS with other congenital anomalies suggests a teratogenic event occurring between the fourth to eighth week of gestation as an etiological factor.

TL;DR: An approach to the diagnostic evaluation of the young adult with CRVO is presented and no conclusive evidence exists that any treatment alters its natural history.

TL;DR: The purpose of this article is to provide a better understanding of the pathogenesis and current therapy of ocular allergic disorders and to review the central role of the mast cell and chemical mediators involved in ocular allergy.

TL;DR: Since prevention is preferable to treatment, the public needs to be informed that the incidence of periocular skin cancers can be reduced with the longterm use of sunscreens, sunglasses, and hats with brims.

TL;DR: Management problems, particularly relating to cataract and glaucoma, and in the light of such data, current indications for, modalities of, and complications of treatment, are presented.

TL;DR: The systemic and ocular manifestations, as well as the histopathology, laboratory tests, differential diagnoses, and treatment regimens for each of the individual viruses are discussed in detail.

TL;DR: Current management includes standard antiglaucoma drugs, laser trabeculoplasty, and filtering surgery, although research suggests the possibility of earlier intervention with medication or surgery to arrest the pigment dispersion and reverse or prevent the secondary glaucomA.

TL;DR: An IgE-mediated immediate hypersensitivity mechanism is associated with most types of allergic conjunctivitis, although contact allergy is mediated by lymphocytes rather than antibody, and the regimen of choice should be based on the response to milder forms of therapy and consideration of drug side effects.

TL;DR: Results of this study confirmed the trends of a previous study showing that ketorolac 0.5% ophthalmic solution applied topically is an effective therapy for allergic conjunctivitis.

TL;DR: Results of this study demonstrate that 0.5% ketorolac ophthalmic solution used topically four times daily, for seven days, was effective in alleviating the principal sign and the symptoms associated with allergic conjunctivitis.

TL;DR: Screening of selected patients with retinal vascular occlusions may reveal additional ophthalmological patients with specific thrombotic syndromes, and abnormalities in the hemostatic system or acquired abnormal hematological factors may be identified.

TL;DR: The family history has been brought up to date using genealogical sources to determine the origin of this family, which was traced to the East End of London in the early 19th century and probably represents the earliest example of the Li-Fraumeni syndrome on record.

TL;DR: An eight-month-old girl with infantile spasms and apparent blindness had electroencephalographic findings compatible with Aicardi syndrome, where there were multiple congenital retinal malformations in the right eye, including chorioretinal lacunae, anomalous retinal vessels, posterior scleral ectasia, and a peripheral fibrous ridge.

TL;DR: The success of Mohs' microsurgical technique (MMS) in treating periocular basal cell carcinoma and modern radiotherapy techniques may offer adequate tumor control with less damage to surrounding tissues than is caused by surgical excision and reconstruction.

TL;DR: Most bacterial and viral conjunctivitis are self-limited, but antimicrobial therapy for the former is advocated to shorten the course, improve patient comfort, prevent recurrence, avoid complications and limit spread to other individuals.

TL;DR: The peripheral CSF-intensity signal in orbital optic glioma correlates with the histopathological finding of perineural arachnoidal gliomatosis and serves as a neuroradiologic marker for neurofibromatosis.

TL;DR: The corneal wound healing response to various keratorefractive approaches is reviewed and some interventional strategies which might enable us to modulate more precisely the authors' refractive results are suggested.

TL;DR: Sherwood et al. as mentioned in this paper presented evidence suggesting that filtration surgery provides better intraocular pressure control than does medical treatment, good visual field preservation, and visual acuity as good as that in medically treated fellow eyes.

TL;DR: The case of a 60-year-old man with histologically proven sporadic dysplasic nevus syndrome and a prior history of nine cutaneous melanomas, who developed a large, exophytic melanoma of the cornea and limbal conjunctiva is presented.

TL;DR: A physiologic fluctuation in threshold levels exists in automated perimetry, which is greater in glaucoma and ocular hypertensive patients than in normal subjects, and all factors that may influence threshold levels should be considered when interpreting automated visual fields.

TL;DR: A 20-year-old woman with a past history of a sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma involving the skull base and cavernous sinus, previously treated with surgery and radiation therapy, presented with intermittent horizontal diplopia induced by gaze to the right side.

TL;DR: Cone dystrophy should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any patient with bilateral, nonrefractive visual loss, especially if color vision is disproportionately affected, even with a normal retinal appearance and no significant family history.

TL;DR: Treatment with cyclophosphamide, systemic corticosteroids and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole resulted in resolution of the sclerokeratitis and remission of the disease.

TL;DR: The patient responded to high-dose steroids with resolution of his optic neuropathy, marked decrease in the size of the mass, and resolution of the serum polyclonal gammopathy.

TL;DR: At present, MRA is utilized to complement the conventional spin-echo studies of patients with arterial and venous occlusion, vascular malformations, intracranial aneurysms, and neoplastic vascular invasion and it is expected that MRA will become a standard diagnostic tool for the evaluation of Patients with vascular disorders.