Showing papers in "Toxicon in 1982"

TL;DR: A toxin from a Centrurinae scorpion, Centruroides suffusus, is described, which binds rat brain synaptosomes at a receptor site distinct from the Buthinae Scorpion site independently of voltage and induces repetitive firing in frog myelinated nerve fibres by producing an abnormal sodium permeability.

TL;DR: This work deals with a clinical and epidemiological study of the scorpion envenomation in Tunisia, from 717 scorpion stings recorded during a year at the Sfax Hospital with a mortality rate of 0.35%, all the patients died being less 15 years old.

TL;DR: The purification and crystallization of T17, a toxin from Ptychodiscus brevis, is reported and is believed to be the agent responsible for Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisoning.

TL;DR: Two alternative procedures for the isolation of toxins from the blue-green alga, Microcystis aeruginosa forma aerugInosa, are described, and a novel approach is reported, whereby contaminating impurities are succinylated, exploiting the absence of free amino groups in toxin variants.

TL;DR: Bothropasin, one of the proteases from the venom of Bothrops jararaca active on casein, was isolated by ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-cellulose and DeAE-Sephadex A-50 chromatographies and SephadeX G-100 column filtration.

TL;DR: The results suggest that cardiotoxins do not act at a specific step in normal excitation-contraction coupling but directly on cell membranes, where they probably cause the formation of pores which result in depolarization and in the influx of calcium.

TL;DR: The results of the present study corroborate previous findings that suggested a separate grouping of the snakes genus Atractaspis at the subfamilial or familial level.

TL;DR: Batroxobin isolated from B. moojeni (HOGE) proved to be a superior defibrinogenating agent in man, as compared to the closely related enzyme isolated fromB.

TL;DR: The crystal and molecular structure of a toxin from the scorpion Centruroides sculpturatus has been solved by standard x-ray crystallographic methods at 3 A resolution and secondary structure predictions calculated using the method of Dufton and Hider agree well with the x-rays.

TL;DR: The toxins were identical in behavior to neosaxitoxin and saxitoxin, respectively, when compared with elution profiles of the paralytic shellfish poisons from Gonyaulax tamarensis var.

TL;DR: All three assay procedures showed good correlation when ciguatoxin was present in tissues in high concentrations, suggesting that more than one structurally related toxin may be present in the fish tissues.

TL;DR: A hyaluronidase (EC 3.2.1. 35) was isolated and purified from Agkistrodon acutus venom and was more stable in the acidic than in the neutral region, and lost its activity in the alkaline region.

TL;DR: The anti-inflammatory activity of adolapin was most marked with regard to carrageenin, prostaglandin and adjUvant rat hind paw edemas and adjuvant polyarthritis, following a biphasic dose-response relationship.

TL;DR: The affinity of the toxins always increases in the order: I approximately equal to II less than III less than IV; the binding is specific for charged lipids even in lipid mixtures.

TL;DR: The presence of an N-methyldehydroalanine residue, which, due to elimination of methylamine under hydrolytic conditions, previously escaped detection by conventional means, has been confirmed by identification of N-methylalanine in the hydrolysate after reduction of toxin with sodium borohydride.

TL;DR: In this paper, snake venoms were fractionated on Sephadex G-100 with the following results: B. gabonica contained weak fibrinogen clotting activity but no visible fibrinolytic activity.

TL;DR: Aeromonas hydrophila seems to act via the adenylate cyclase-cAMP pathway and should be classified as a cytotonic enterotoxin according to the classification of Keusch and Donta (1975).

TL;DR: T17, a toxin purified from laboratory cultures of Florida's redtide organism, Ptychodiscus brevis (formerly Gymnodinium breve), produces bronchoconstriction in anesthetized artificially-ventilated guinea pigs that was antagonized by atropine, but not by interruption of vagal nerve stimulation or diaphragm dissection.

TL;DR: Conformation of the long-chain neurotoxins and their binding to AchR are briefly discussed basing on the 1H and 19F NMR studies of neurotoxin I Naja naja oxiana, toxin 3 Naja siamensis and its acetylated or trifluoroacetylated derivatives, as well as on Achr interaction with the derivatives spin labeled at Lys 27 and His 71.

TL;DR: The radioimmunoassay was used to measure amatoxin concentrations in serum, urine, duodenal fluid, and gastric juice of patients with Amanita poisoning and the assay was likewise used to determine the concentration of amatoxins in mushroom tissue.

TL;DR: Two types of venom apparatus present in female braconid wasp were examined in nine species and compared ultrastructurally, finding distinct particles found in the venom apparatus of two of the nine species are described.

TL;DR: The procoagulant properties of venous Australian snakes are limited to prothrombin activation and the actions of the venom of Oxyuranus scutellatus are dependent on concentration.

TL;DR: The toxic effects of PR toxin were observed in mice, rats, anesthetized cats and isolated rat auricle preparations and it is concluded that PR toxin produced acute toxic effects in animals via an increase of capillary permeability and a direct damage to the lungs, heart, liver and kidney.

TL;DR: A presynaptic acting toxic phospholipase A2, designated caudoxin, was purified from the venom of Bitis caudalis by a combination of gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography and the specificity of the enzyme was shown to be of the A2 type.

TL;DR: Data indicating a role for haemolysin production in infections caused by Escherichia coli is presented and experiments which have allowed an analysis of the molecular basis of theHaemolysis among pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains of this species are presented.

TL;DR: Channel blockage by aphantoxin follows a dose-response curve representative of 1:1 stoichiometry, similar to the action of tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin, and appears to be completely reversible.

TL;DR: There is an age dependent variation inDA and NA levels in honey bee venom and there may be a similar variation in DA and 5-HT in the venom of queen Dolichovespula arenaria, and there appears to be a seasonal variation in the quantities of DA and NA present in Honey bee venom.

TL;DR: Results indicate that PTX induces strong and irreversible modifications of the membrane structure.

TL;DR: Four homogeneous proteins having phospholipase A activity were separated and studied for their i.v. lethal effects in mice and nerve-muscle activity in the guinea pig diaphragm preparation, suggesting that this fraction affects the muscle directly.