Showing papers in "Ultrasonics Sonochemistry in 2004"

TL;DR: The current review will present the four main advantages that sonochemistry has over other methods related to materials science and nanochemistry, and concentrate on the more recent literature that was not reviewed in the previously-mentioned reviews.

TL;DR: The current review emphasizes the effect of ultrasound induced free radicals in sonodynamic therapy, the ultrasound dependent enhancement of cytotoxic activities of certain compounds (sonosensitizers) in studies with cells in vitro and in tumor bearing animals.

TL;DR: Ultrasound was used to increase the extraction efficiency of carnosic acid from the herb Rosmarinus officinalis using butanone, ethyl acetate and ethanol as solvents and reduced the solvent effect so that ethanol reached a similar level of extraction efficiency to the other two when sonicated.

TL;DR: HIFU ablation is a safe, effective, and feasible modality for the ablation of carcinomas in patients with various kinds of solid tumor in China.

TL;DR: The use of low power ultrasound in therapeutic medicine is a developing field and this review will concentrate on the applications of this technology in cancer therapy.

TL;DR: A supercritical CO(2) extraction of oil from particulate almonds using power ultrasound was studied, showing that the kinetics and the extraction yield of the oil were enhanced by 30% and 20% respectively, when a power of about 50 W was applied to the transducer.

TL;DR: Traditional parameters including free acidity, total polar compounds, peroxide value, and conjugated dienes concentration were determined in refined sunflower oil samples before, immediately after the ultrasonic treatment and during storage.

TL;DR: A combination of ultrasound or other method could agglomerate the sludge, improve the activities of biomass, enhance anaerobic process, and decrease over 10% final water content of sludge.

TL;DR: An influence of the bacteria's morphology on the disinfection efficiency of the combined process (US plus UV) is noticed, Gram-positive streptococci seem less vulnerable to ultrasound exposure than thinner-walled gram-negative bacteria like the entire group of coliforms.

TL;DR: The present work deals with the discussion on the engineering aspects of the design of large-scale sonochemical reactors using the solutions of the bubble dynamics equations as well as experimentation with different reactor types and reactions.

TL;DR: It was found that different prototype bubble structures can contribute to the erosion process, and these, in turn, seem to be substantially influenced by properties and the history of the surface.

TL;DR: Current laboratory research and the potential for the scale-up of chemical decontamination is reviewed and two basic mechanisms for acoustically enhanced soil cleaning have been suggested.

TL;DR: Different edible oils show significant changes in their composition (chemical and flavour) due to ultrasound treatment, and some off-flavour compounds resulting from the sono-degradation of sunflower oil have been identified.

TL;DR: Power ultrasound is able to mineralize azo dyes to non-toxic end products, which was confirmed by respiratory inhibition test of Pseudomonas putida and a correlation between the energy input and the absolute amount of degraded dye was showed.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the ultrasound seems to increase the attractiveness of the conventional aerobic oxidation process by increasing their initial rates of degradation.

TL;DR: The inactivation of the E. coli cells by ultrasonic irradiation shows pseudo first-order behavior and the H2O2 formation was not observed below 3 microm (p-p), indicating that the ultrasonic shock wave might be more important than indirect effect of OH radicals formed by Ultrasonic cavitation in this system.

TL;DR: Results of measurement of dynamic pressure in the nozzle and force effects of modulated jets are presented together with results obtained in cutting of various materials using ultrasonically modulated water jets, compared with those obtained with continuous jets at the same operating parameters.

TL;DR: The effect of the timing of the ultrasonic treatment at 20 and 850 kHz on the biocidal efficiency of sodium hypochlorite solution towards Escherchia coli suspensions is explored.

TL;DR: Dynamic video images of the influence of ultrasonic cavitation on the sonocrystallisation of ice at a microscopic level are reported through the construction of a unique ultrasonic system for an optical microscope that allows the temperature of a sample to be systematically controlled while it is subjected to simultaneous excitation with alternating pressures in the ultrasonic frequency range.

TL;DR: The effect of ultrasound on both the crystal structure and kinetics of palm oil crystallisation at intensities below and above the cavitational threshold are described.

TL;DR: This study showed that there is an optimal carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) concentration to the most efficient degradation and hydrodynamic forces played the primary role in degradation process.

TL;DR: The observed rate enhancements for the degradation of p-CBA can be attributed primarily to the continuous cleaning and chemical activation of the FeOOH surfaces by acoustic cavitation and the accelerated mass transport rates of reactants and products between the solution phase and the FeooH surface.

TL;DR: The effects of the amplitude on the vibration face and the initial cell numbers on the sonolytic inactivation of yeast cells have been investigated using a horn-type sonicator and the inactivation by ultrasonic irradiation shows pseudo first-order behavior.

TL;DR: The technical objective was to develop specific applicators of ultrasonic energy which could be adapted on jigger, a widespread textile finishing machine, to improve traditional textile finishing processes thanks to ultrasound.

TL;DR: Findings indicate that SEF process may be an effective method for detoxification of environmental water.

TL;DR: Simultaneous microwave and ultrasound irradiation is shown as a new technique for digestion of solid and liquid samples suitable for chemical and food analysis and decreases in digestion time: determination of copper in edible oils and total Kjeldahl nitrogen.

TL;DR: A novel sonochemical method for the selective synthesis of alpha-HGS and beta-HgS nanoparticles in aqueous solutions by choosing sodium thiosulfate and thiourea as the sulfur source respectively is reported in this paper.

TL;DR: Efficacy of a novel configuration for large-scale wastewater treatment applications has been investigated using formic acid degradation as a model reaction and some intensification studies have been undertaken considering hydrogen peroxide as an additional source of free radicals.

TL;DR: Filamentary formations of acoustic cavitation bubbles in an ultrasonic resonator are recorded by high-speed stereoscopic means, and the bubble locations and motions are reconstructed in three dimensions, and a velocity distribution of bubbles is obtained.

TL;DR: The preliminary results reported in this paper suggest that the combined effect of ultrasound and the biocide is better than either separately employed, but substantially more work is required in order to maximise effectiveness for minimum cost.