Showing papers in "Waste Management in 1993"

TL;DR: The potential of advanced chemical oxidation for future hazardous wastes treatment is demonstrated by four AOP systems, namely, H2O2/Fe2+, TiO 2/uv/O2, H 2O22, and TiO2-uv/H2O 2, exemplified by chlorophenols.

TL;DR: In this article, the pyrolysis history of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) in the experimental conditions of this investigation consisted of two distinct stages with four reactions, which can be also expressed by an overall rate equation.

TL;DR: In this paper, a new series of silico-titanates and alkali titanates are shown to have specific selectivity for cations of lead, mercury, and cadmium and the dichromate anion in solutions with low and high pH.

TL;DR: A review of the fundamentals of the process and the theoretical development, together with a review of considerations and limitations for full-scale application of the technique for site remediation, are presented in this article.

TL;DR: The feasibility of waste banana pith for the removal of the dye Rhodamine-B was investigated at different initial dye concentrations, agitation time, adsorbent dosage, and pH.

TL;DR: In this paper, a mixture of octyl(phenyl)-N N-diisobutylcarbamoyl-methylphosphine oxide (CMPO) and TBP in dodecane was used for the extraction and stripping of actinides, lanthanides, and other fission products.

TL;DR: In this article, the basic concept of supercritical water oxidation (SCWO), associated engineering research, and technology development are examined. And a wastewater treatment system capable of completely destroying toxic organic substances and biological sludges is described.

TL;DR: In this article, diffusivity of Cs, Sr, and Cl ions through compacted bentonite of various densities has been studied, using a diffusion cell, and the measured diffusivities decreased as the density of bentonite increased.

TL;DR: A simulation of the Sohio process for the production of acrylonitrile from the catalytic ammoxidation of propylene has been performed, using published kinetic and thermodynamic data to illustrate the concepts of pollution prevention by process modification as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, the metal volatilization and separation during incineration of metal-containing wood pellets were investigated in a high-temperature electric furnace and a fluidized-bed waste-heat boiler.

TL;DR: This article found that a person's orientation towards the environment is not a significant factor in opposing these facilities, and that knowledge generally works to polarize differences rather than collapse them, and suggested that NIMBY attitudes have a stronger basis in core cultural values than more immediate instrumental considerations.

TL;DR: Membrane separation technology as applied to waste treatment/reduction and environmental engineering problems has several advantages over conventional treatment processes, including low energy requirements, continuous operation, modular design without significant size limitations and minimal labor requirement.

TL;DR: In this paper, the relative influence of knowledge on citizens' attitudes and behavior regarding the siting of hazardous wastes was assessed and the results reveal a moderately strong relation between site-relevant knowledge and NIMBYism.

TL;DR: In this paper, the locations of metal ions, with respect to the bulk and surface of the cement matrix as a function of the interfacial phenomena of the alkaline medium, were probed.

TL;DR: In this article, leachate data from 18 commercial hazardous waste landfills or cells were evaluated to determine overall leachates characteristics and parameters that may affect leachrate generation and characteristics.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used electrophoretic measurements to determine the optimum dose of ferric ions by finding out the reversal of charge concentration (RCC) for Cu-ferrocyanide, precipitated in effluents of different specific conductances.

TL;DR: In this paper, Probabilistic vault, geosphere, and biosphere models are implemented using Monte Carlo simulation techniques to trace nuclides transported in groundwater to the surface environment and humans far into the future.

TL;DR: In this paper, the laboratory-scale treatment of a furfural-byproduct wastewater containing approximately 1.2% acetic acid was investigated using one fully-packed anaerobic filter and one partially-packed upflow blanket filter operated at 35°C.

TL;DR: This article focuses on the use of supercritical fluids in extraction of organic contaminants from environmental matrices, and data and theoretical developments are reported on extraction of organics from water and solids, especially soils.

TL;DR: A nonradioactive simulant of a mixed waste was formulated to mimic a complex concentrate waste stored at the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site, and detailed analyses of the organics by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) revealed that, collectively, 61.7% of the parent organics had degraded as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of heavy metal residues on the nature and chemical composition of cement, actual and future, are discussed, and it is recommended that an effort to correlate heavy metal levels in clinker with adverse effects be undertaken, a new standard for cement containing hazardous and other waste residuals be developed, and labeling be required.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focused on the determination of parameters such as the distribution coefficient Kd and the maximum adsorption capacity ST for suspensions of Ca-montmorillonite and mixtures of the solutes strontium (Sr), cesium (Cs), and cobalt (Co) as analogs of a possible release of contaminants from radioactive waste repositories.

TL;DR: In this paper, a composite model for the risk assessment is developed for the shallow-land burial of low-level radioactive waste, which is composed of a source term, repository failure model, geosphere model, biosphere model and finally, a dose-and-health-effects model.

TL;DR: In this article, a synthetic mixed-metal solution has been stabilised by treatment with sodium hydroxide, sodium sulphide, and sodium silicate, respectively, and three stabilised filter cakes have subsequently been solidified using additions of ordinary Portland cement and pulverised fuel ash.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used distilled water as the substrate to acclimate a microbial community and also for the biological kinetic studies, and the BOD data were analyzed by using the Monod equation.

TL;DR: In this article, an apparatus capable of rapidly heating soil samples to as high as 1,100 C was designed and built to volatilize toxic inorganic contaminants from 500-mg soil samples while purging with hydrogen, nitrogen, or nitrogen/oxygen mixtures.

TL;DR: In this paper, a hypothesis is developed suggesting that most water in the vicinity of the waste package evaporates, leaving behind a scale deposit and concentrated solution, and the vapor pressure lowering caused by the brine solution maintains a water film on the rock and waste package materials even in the presence of a dry environment with thermal gradients.

TL;DR: In this paper, the feasibility of using anhydrous liquid ammonia alone and with enhancing ligands to extract common metal contaminants (lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg) copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) from soil was established.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of the presence of colloids in natural groundwater on radionuclide transport has been investigated and the results show that the reduction of colloidal size enhances the corresponding colloid concentration when colloidal transport is only affected by diffusion phenomena.

TL;DR: In this paper, the ion-exchange resins were used to process reagent solutions following chemical decontaminations of primary coolant systems at five commercial light-water reactors.