Showing papers in "Water Research in 1976"

TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that up to 0.55 ± 0.08 mol of hydroxyl radicals may be produced from 1 mol ozone at pH 10.5.

TL;DR: In this paper, a method was described for determination of total phosphorus in lake sediments or biogenic material, where organic matter is destructed by ignition and material remaining after ignition is boiled in 1 N HCl and orthophosphate determined after dilution.

TL;DR: In this paper, the adsorption of Telon Blue (Acid Blue 25) on peat has been investigated and the effects of contact time, initial dye concentration and peat particle size were studied.

TL;DR: The Berthelot reaction, based on development of a deep blue colour when ammonia reacts with phenol and alkaline hypochlorite, was investigated and modified in this paper, and a convenient and reliable analytical procedure was developed for ammonia and Kjeldahl nitrogen determination.

TL;DR: In this article, the ability of wood to adsorb Telon Blue (Acid Blue 25) has been investigated and the effects of contact time, particle size and adsorption capacity have been studied.

TL;DR: In this article, the maximum acceptable toxicant concentrations (MATC) were obtained when reported as dissolved lead vs total lead added in hard water and soft water, respectively, and showed that fish were more sensitive to the effects of lead when exposed as eggs.

TL;DR: In this article, the characteristics and performances of a contacting machine of 20,000 gal/day capacity for the treatment of industrial waste waters are reported, and the characteristics of a contact machine with a capacity of 10,000 g/day for treating industrial waste water containing heavy metals such as Hg, Cd, Zn, Cu, Fe, Ni, Cr6+, Cr3+, Ag, Pb, Sb or cyanide, phosphates and organic matters such as oil, detergents and dyes are reported.

TL;DR: A variety of model organic compounds representative of the types of organic substances occurring in natural waters were found to sorb onto hanging mercury drop electrodes in the anodic stripping voltammetric analysis of trace metals as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this article, the degree and rate of biological degradation of 123 organic compounds with respect to the decrease of organic substance in terms of COD were investigated, where the organic substances were the sole source of carbon for the microbes of the inoculum.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of volatile fatty acids, ammonia and copper on methane production by growing cultures of Methanobacterium formicicum were studied and it was suggested that failure of farm-waste digesters from such inhibitions is unlikely.

TL;DR: Alpha TNT and TNTcc were both more toxic to the fathead minnow than to either species of alga, and both inhibited growth of the algae and stimulated growth at lower concentrations.

TL;DR: In this paper, a simple zero-order diffusion-reaction kinetic model for spherical floc was constructed to determine the variations in the diffusion coefficients of glucose and oxygen through microbial aggregates grown under various experimental conditions.

TL;DR: In this article, the biochemical mechanisms of L(+)-glutamic acid and oleic acid in anaerobic digestion were studied using C14 labeled compounds, and a degradative pathway for L(+) glutamic acids has been postulated.

TL;DR: First application of this method on marine sediments gives results in good agreement with information provided by other methods, and can be quantitatively related to the rate of nitrogen oxidation by autotrophic nitrifiers.

TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the settling properties of sludge depend on the chemical and physical nature of the floc surface and that in at least one case the sludge volume index was directly related to the surface charge carried by the particles.

TL;DR: The interaction between humus and 18 elements in lake water has been studied using centrifugation, ultrafiltration and filtration through ion exchange membranes as discussed by the authors, and it has been found that the association is probably very low for halogenes and alkali ions.

TL;DR: Asellus meridianus Rac. from sites receiving mine-drainage in the rivers Hayle and Gannel in Cornwall have been shown, by toxicity tests and growth rate experiments to be particularly tolerant to copper and lead.

TL;DR: In this article, the fluorescence of natural waters from a variety of surface sources, using an excitation wavelength of 365 nm and emission wavelengths in the range 400-600 nm have been correlated with total organic carbon levels.

TL;DR: Bacteria were greater in numbers in sediment in that part of a river receiving effluents from various sources andIsolates from the sediment were able to concentrate Cr, Cu, Mn, Fe, Pb and Zn, and when tubificids were fed bacterial cultures containing these metals the tubificid showed increased concentration of metals.

TL;DR: In this article, the methylation of methylmercury under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions was examined in three types of sediment collected from San Francisco Bay, and the net amount of methylcury produced under an aerobic conditions was greater than that found under aerobic conditions for all three sediments tested.

TL;DR: In this paper, the composition of leachates from some sanitary landfills in Norway and in the U.S.A. is described and attributed to the efficiencies of preventing water to enter the fills.

TL;DR: In this article, it was verified that free radicals are the proper disinfective and oxidative agents in ozonation and sonozonation, and that ozone molecules act as precursors and may be relatively nontoxic.

TL;DR: In this paper, the results of phosphate precipitation using iron(III) and aluminum (Hsu, 1975) are compared and it is suggested that these two coagulants react with phosphate following the same mechanism.

TL;DR: In this article, the speciation of copper(II) in fresh water has been examined by considering inorganic and organic complexation and adsorption and precipitation processes, and it is concluded that in most aquatic systems these processes are capable of reducing free copper levels to very low values even in the presence of high levels of total copper.

TL;DR: A method for calculating the extent of complexation of trace metals by EDTA in the presence of calcium and other complexing agents is presented in this paper, where possible effects on the behaviour of trace metal in the context of sewage treatment, mobility in watercourses, and toxicity to aquatic organisms and in chemical analysis are discussed.

TL;DR: Settling characteristics of activated sludge discussed from the physical and biochemical stands point of view in this paper, corresponding to worsening of the settling characteristics, conspicuous changes of the physical properties such as the size, density and floc strength, and also the biochemical properties, such as ECP, PHB and the electrophoretic mobility were observed.

TL;DR: In this paper, a mathematical model is formulated describing the mechanism of substrate removal by a microbial slime over which a film of liquid, containing the substrate as dissolved biodegradable material, is flowing.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors performed polychaetous annelid assays with laboratory inbred cultures of juvenile and adult Neanthes arenaceodentata and Capitella capitata to cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, and zinc in sea water.