Book ChapterDOI
[25] Enzymatic regeneration of adenosine 5′-triphosphate: Acetyl phosphate, phosphoenolpyruvate, methoxycarbonyl phosphate, dihydroxyacetone phosphate, 5-phospho-α-d-ribosyl pyrophosphate, uridine-5′-diphosphoglucose
Debbie C. Crans,Romas J. Kazlauskas,Bernard L. Hirschbein,Chi-Huey Wong,Obsidiana Abril,George M. Whitesides +5 more
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This chapter describes the best methods available for regeneration ofAdenosine triphosphate (ATP) from adenosine diphosphates (ADP) and Adenosine monophosphate and details several applications of these methods in enzyme-catalyzed syntheses.Abstract:
Publisher Summary This chapter describes the best methods available for regeneration of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and details several applications of these methods in enzyme-catalyzed syntheses In particular, it give procedures for synthesis of three phosphate donors—acetyl phosphate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and methoxycarbonyl phosphates—and apply these reagents to syntheses of sn -glycerol 3-phosphate, dihydroxyacetone phosphate, glucose 6-phosphate, 5-phospho-α-D-ribosyl pyrophosphate, and uridine-5'-diphosphoglucose Three procedures for the enzymatic regeneration of ATP are presently available, which are useful in practical-scale organic synthesis One is based on acetyl phosphate (AcP) as the phosphorylating agent and acetate kinase as the catalyst; the second uses phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) and pyruvate kinase; and the third uses methoxycarbonyl phosphate [CH3OC(O)OPO3 2-, MCP] and acetate kinase The advantages and disadvantages of each method are summarized in the chapter Both pyruvate kinase and acetate kinase have high specific activity and show excellent stability in immobilized form Pyruvate kinase is currently the less expensive enzyme Further, it is effective for regeneration of ATP from ADP at lower concentrations of ADP than is acetate kinase, because the Michaelis constant for pyruvate kinase is lower than that for acetate kinase In practice, for most synthetic applications, either acetyl phosphate/acetate kinase or phosphoenolpyruvate/pyruvate kinase is used for the regeneration of ATPread more
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Recent Advances in the Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Carbohydrates and Carbohydrate Mimetics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Polyphosphate - an ancient energy source and active metabolic regulator
Lucia Achbergerová,Jozef Nahálka +1 more
TL;DR: A hypothesis is discussed in view of synthetic biology applications that states polyph phosphate and calcium-rich organelles have endosymbiotic origins from ancient protocells that metabolized polyphosphate.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cofactor Regeneration for Enzyme-Catalysed Synthesis
Journal ArticleDOI
In Vitro ATP Regeneration from Polyphosphate and AMP by Polyphosphate:AMP Phosphotransferase and Adenylate Kinase from Acinetobacter johnsonii 210A
TL;DR: The PPT/AdK system provides an alternative to existing enzymatic ATP regeneration systems in which phosphoenolpyruvate and acetylphosphate serve as phosphoryl donors and has the advantage that AMP and polyP are stabile, inexpensive substrates.
Journal ArticleDOI
Die katalysierte asymmetrische Aldolreaktion
TL;DR: In this article, the wichtigsten neuen Entwicklungen bei Biokatalyse and die Katalyse durch kleine Molekule are discussed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Enzymatic synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides; orotidine-5'-phosphate and uridine-5'-phosphate.
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Enzyme immobilization by condensation copolymerization into crosslinked polyacrylamide gels
Journal ArticleDOI
Kinetic and magnetic resonance studies of the pyruvate kinase reaction. II. Complexes of enzyme, metal, and substrates.
Albert S. Mildvan,Mildred Cohn +1 more
TL;DR: The magnitude of the decrease of et(ATP) with respect to et(ADP) is consistent with a metal bridge structure in which the divalent cation is coordinated both to the enzyme and to the γ-phosphoryl group of ATP in the active complex.
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