Book ChapterDOI
8 – Polymeric Biomaterials
Wei He,Roberto Benson +1 more
- pp 145-164
TLDR
With rapid growth in modern biology and interdisciplinary collaborative efforts, polymeric biomaterials are being fashioned into bioactive and biomimetic materials, with excellent biocompatibility.Abstract:
Biomaterials are an indispensable element in improving human health and quality of life. Applications of biomaterials include diagnostics (gene arrays and biosensors), medical supplies (blood bags and surgical tools), therapeutic treatments (medical implants and devices), and emerging regenerative medicine (tissue-engineered skin and cartilage). Polymers, being organic, offer a versatility that is unmatched by metals and ceramics. The wide spectrum of physical, mechanical, and chemical properties provided by polymers has fueled the extensive research, development, and applications of polymeric biomaterials. The significance of polymers as biomaterials is reflected in the market size of medical polymers, estimated to be approximately $1 billion. Many of these polymers were initially developed as plastics, elastomers, and fibers for nonmedical industrial applications, but were later developed as biomedical-specific materials. With rapid growth in modern biology and interdisciplinary collaborative efforts, polymeric biomaterials are being fashioned into bioactive and biomimetic materials, with excellent biocompatibility.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanical, thermal properties and stability of high renewable content liquefied residual biomass derived bio-polyurethane wood adhesives
TL;DR: In this article, a bio-polyurethane adhesives of high renewable content ( up to 87% ) were produced using biomass biopolyols obtained previously via crude-glycerol mediated solvothermal liquefaction of three industrial biomass residue feedstocks: digested sewage sludge, hemp stalk hurds and sugar beet pulp, and commercial pentamethylene diisocyanate.
Journal ArticleDOI
Functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes and hydroxyapatite nanorods reinforced with polypropylene for biomedical application
Fahad Saleem Ahmed Khan,Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak,Mohammad Khalid,Rashmi Walvekar,Ezzat Chan Abdullah,Awais Ahmad,Rama Rao Karri,Harshini Pakalapati +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNTs) and hydroxyapatite nanorods (n-HA) were reinforced into polypropylene (PP) with the support of a melt compounding approach.
Journal ArticleDOI
Silk fibroin nanoscaffolds for neural tissue engineering
TL;DR: In this paper, three-dimensional nanoscaffolds (3DNSs) from a biomaterial blend of silk fibroin (SF), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were electrospun to evaluate their potential suitability for direct implant into the brain.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of Light Intensity on the Free-Radical Photopolymerization Kinetics of 2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate: Experiments and Simulations.
TL;DR: It was show that the primary radical termination is dominant for relatively low light intensities below 1 mW/cm², when the photoinitiator is weakly consumed during the polymerization process.
Book ChapterDOI
Degradable and Resorbable Polymers
TL;DR: This chapter largely focuses on hydrolytically degradable polymers and the kinetics of hydrolytic degradation, but polymers that are degraded by other stimuli (e.g., enzymes, light) are also highlighted.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Hydrophilic Gels for Biological Use
Oto Wichterle,D. Lím +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the structural similarity with the tissue has not been emphasized although physiologically unfavourable effects were observed in most cases of application of normal type plastics in permanent contact with living tissues.
Journal ArticleDOI
Review on uremic toxins: Classification, concentration, and interindividual variability
Raymond Vanholder,Rita De Smet,Griet Glorieux,Àngel Argilés,Ulrich Baurmeister,Philippe Brunet,William R. Clark,Gerald Cohen,Peter Paul De Deyn,Reinhold Deppisch,Béatrice Descamps-Latscha,Thomas Henle,Achim Jörres,Horst Dieter Lemke,Ziad A. Massy,Jutta Passlick-Deetjen,Mariano Rodriguez,Bernd Stegmayr,Peter Stenvinkel,Ciro Tetta,Christoph Wanner,Walter Zidek +21 more
TL;DR: Concentrations of retention solutes in uremia vary over a broad range, from nanograms per liter to grams per liter, and a substantial number of molecules are protein bound and/or middle molecules, and many of these exert toxicity and are characterized by a high range of toxic over normal concentration (CU/CN ratio).
Journal ArticleDOI
Neural tissue engineering: strategies for repair and regeneration.
TL;DR: The nervous system physiology, the factors that are critical for nerve repair, and the current approaches that are being explored to aid peripheral nerve regeneration and spinal cord repair are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biomaterials in orthopaedics.
TL;DR: In this review, the evolution of different metals, ceramics and polymers most commonly used in orthopaedic applications is discussed, as well as the different approaches used to fulfil the challenges faced by this medical field.
Journal ArticleDOI
Extensive neurite outgrowth and active synapse formation on self-assembling peptide scaffolds
TL;DR: A new type of self-assembling peptide (sapeptide) scaffolds that serve as substrates for neurite outgrowth and synapse formation is described, and they did not elicit a measurable immune response or tissue inflammation when introduced into animals.