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Book ChapterDOI

A Critique of Eysenck’s Theory of Personality

Jeffrey A. Gray
- pp 246-276
TLDR
In this paper, Eysenck's theory of extra version-introversion (E-I) and neuroticism (N) is described in the context of the St Pancras Station in the African jungle.
Abstract
The territory that psychologists explore is still largely uncharted; so to find Eysenck’s model for personality in the middle of this terra incognita is rather like stumbling across St Pancras Station in the heart of the African jungle Faced with this apparition, one’s first question is, not “does it work?”, but “what’s it for?” This, indeed, is the right question to ask Eysenck’s model bestrides the field of personality like a colossus There have been other attempts to describe personality, notably Cattell’s and Guilford’s, and other attempts to explain it, above all, Pavlov’s and Teplov’s: but no one has tried to achieve both these aims on the same scale as Eysenck In consequence, it is extremely difficult to see the Eysenckian edifice in perspective: there are too few other buildings with which to compare it, only the surrounding trackless jungle It is by asking “what’s it for?” that we can best provide this perspective In answer to this question, Fig 81 dis plays what I take to be the general structure of Eysenck’s theory of extra version-introversion (E-I) and neuroticism (N)

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

Behavioral inhibition, behavioral activation, and affective responses to impending reward and punishment: The BIS/BAS Scales

TL;DR: In this paper, self-report scales to assess dispositional BIS and behavioral activation system (BAS) sensitivities were created, and a situation in which Ss anticipated a punishment was created.
Journal ArticleDOI

Précis of The Neuropsychology of Anxiety: An Enquiry into the Functions of the Septo-Hippocampal System..

TL;DR: It is proposed that these drugs reduce anxiety by impairing the functioning of a widespread neural system including the septo-hippocampal system (SHS), the Papez circuit, the prefrontal cortex, and ascending monoaminergic and cholinergic pathways which innervate these forebrain structures.
Journal ArticleDOI

Origins and Functions of Positive and Negative Affect: A Control-Process View.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the question of how affect arises and what affect indicates from a feedback-based view-point on self-regulation using the analogy of action control as the attempt to diminish distance to a goal, and proposed a second feedback system that senses and regulates the rate at which the action-guiding system is functioning.
Journal ArticleDOI

The happy personality : A meta-analysis of 137 personality traits and subjective well-being

TL;DR: This meta-analysis used 9 literature search strategies to examine 137 distinct personality constructs as correlates of subjective well-being (SWB), finding personality was found to be equally predictive of life satisfaction, happiness, and positive affect, but significantly less predictive of negative affect.
Journal ArticleDOI

Beyond Diathesis Stress: Differential Susceptibility to Environmental Influences.

TL;DR: Evidence consistent with the proposition that individuals differ in plasticity is reviewed, and multiple instances in which specific genes function less like "vulnerability factors" and more like "plasticity factors," thereby rendering some individuals more malleable or susceptible than others to both negative and positive environmental influences.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Brain stem reticular formation and activation of the EEG

TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that reticular activation is associated with the activation of the reticular formation of the brain stem, and that reticulus activation can be induced by low frequency stimulation of the diffuse thalamic projection system, rather than intra-cortical spread following the arrival of afferent impulses at the sensory receiving areas of the cortex.
Journal ArticleDOI

Biological basis of personality.

Book

The Biological Basis of Personality

TL;DR: The biological basis of personality, The biological basis for personality, and the role of language in the development of personality.
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