Journal ArticleDOI
A dual representation theory of posttraumatic stress disorder.
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TLDR
A cognitive theory of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is proposed that assumes traumas experienced after early childhood give rise to 2 sorts of memory, 1 verbally accessible and 1 automatically accessible through appropriate situational cues.Abstract:
A cognitive theory of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is proposed that assumes traumas experienced after early childhood give rise to 2 sorts of memory, 1 verbally accessible and 1 automatically accessible through appropriate situational cues. These different types of memory are used to explain the complex phenomenology of PTSD, including the experiences of reliving the traumatic event and of emotionally processing the trauma. The theory considers 3 possible outcomes of the emotional processing of trauma, successful completion, chronic processing, and premature inhibition of processing. We discuss the implications of the theory for research design, clinical practice, and resolving contradictions in the empirical data.read more
Citations
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A cognitive model of posttraumatic stress disorder
Anke Ehlers,David M. Clark +1 more
TL;DR: A cognitive model of persistence of PTSD is proposed that is consistent with the main clinical features of PTSD, helps explain several apparently puzzling phenomena and provides a framework for treatment by identifying three key targets for change.
Journal ArticleDOI
The construction of autobiographical memories in the self-memory system
TL;DR: It is shown how this model can be used to draw together a wide range of diverse data from cognitive, social, developmental, personality, clinical, and neuropsychological autobiographical memory research.
Journal ArticleDOI
Autobiographical memory specificity and emotional disorder.
J. Mark G. Williams,Thorsten Barnhofer,Catherine Crane,Dirk Hermans,Filip Raes,Edward R. Watkins,Tim Dalgleish +6 more
TL;DR: Research showing that when recalling autobiographical events, many emotionally disturbed patients summarize categories of events rather than retrieving a single episode is reviewed, with a focus on M. Pleydell-Pearce's hierarchical search model of personal event retrieval.
Journal ArticleDOI
Psychological theories of posttraumatic stress disorder
Chris R. Brewin,Emily A. Holmes +1 more
TL;DR: A comparative analysis and evaluation of three recent theories of posttraumatic stress disorder is provided, including Foa and Rothbaum's emotional processing theory, and Ehlers and Clark's cognitive theory, to identify promising areas for further research.
Journal ArticleDOI
Psychological predictors of chronic posttraumatic stress disorder after motor vehicle accidents.
TL;DR: Negative interpretation of intrusions, persistent medical problems, and rumination at 3 months were the most important predictors of PTSD symptoms at 1 year.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Impact of Event Scale: a measure of subjective stress.
TL;DR: A scale of current subjective distress, related to a specific event, was based on a list of items composed of commonly reported experiences of intrusion and avoidance, and responses indicated that the scale had a useful degree of significance and homogeneity.