A Finite Temperature λϕ4 Model and De Sitter-Friedmann Phase Transition in the Early Universe

TLDR: In this article, a simple finite temperature λ 4 cosmological model was proposed to show that a new type singularity free cosmology model could be established by taking a series of important quantum and statistical effects into consideration such as spontaneous symmetry breaking, trace anomaly and particle creation, symmetry restoration at high temperature through phase transition and others.

Abstract: In this paper, we propose a simple finite temperature λ4 cosmological model to show that a new type singularity free cosmological model could be established by taking a series of important quantum and statistical effects into consideration such as spontaneous symmetry breaking, trace anomaly and particle creation, symmetry restoration at high temperature through phase transition and others. To begin with, the state of the universe would be a cold singu1arity free and horizon free Beltrami-Anti de Sitter one rather than a hot one. Then associated with the, particle creation, the temperature would, become higher and higher and as soon. as the temperature reached a critical value, Tc, a second-order phase transition would take place and the universe would transfer to a hot radiation dominated Friedmann state.