Open AccessJournal Article
A quick test to determine lime requirements for lime stabilization
James L Eades,Ralph E Grim +1 more
TLDR
In this paper, the authors describe the reaction of LIME and soil to changes in the PLASTICITY, SWELL, SHRINKAGE or COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH of the soil.Abstract:
THE USE OF HYDRATED LIME, CA/OH/2, FOR MODIFYING, UPGRADING, AND STABILIZING SOILS IS INCREASING GREATLY. THIS MEANS HIGHWAY LABORATORIES HAVE HAD THEIR WORK LOADS INCREASED, AND IN MANY INSTANCES, MORE THAN DOUBLED FOR A PARTICULAR JOB. BEFORE THE ADVENT OF THE USE OF LIME, THE LABORATORY WAS FINISHED WITH TESTING WHEN A SOIL WAS CLASSIFIED AS UNSUITABLE. NOW THE SAME SOIL IS TESTED AND RETESTED TO FIND THE PERCENTAGE OF LIME REQUIRED TO BRING THE SOIL WITHIN SPECIFICATIONS. IN MOST CASES THE PERCENTAGE IS DETERMINED BY COMPRESSIVE TESTS, ATTERBERG LIMITS TESTS, OR BOTH. THE REACTION OF LIME AND SOIL CAN BE DESCRIBED AS A SERIES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS. THE RESULTS OF THESE REACTIONS ARE EXPRESSED AS A CHANGE IN THE PLASTICITY, SWELL, SHRINKAGE OR COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF THE SOIL. THEREFORE, A QUICK OR SIMPLE TEST IS NEEDED TO SHOW THE AMOUNT OF LIME REQUIRED TO REACT CHEMICALLY WITH A SOIL TO BRING ABOUT THESE PHYSICAL CHANGES TO AN OPTIMUM DEGREE. LABORATORY TESTS, INVOLVING MINERALOGICAL, PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF UNTREATED AND LIME-TREATED SOILS HAVE PROVEN THAT PH TESTS CAN BE USED TO DETERMINE THE OPTIMUM LIME REQUIREMENTS OF A SOIL. /AUTHOR/read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Behaviour and mineralogy changes in lime-treated expansive soil at 20 °C
TL;DR: In this paper, a series of laboratory tests were conducted on a highly expansive clay soil treated with lime in order to study the lime-soil reaction over a short term and the progression of the pozzolanic reaction over longer term.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effectiveness of Portland Cement and Lime in Stabilizing Clay Soils
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the clay soil stabilization mechanism for the calcium-based stabilizers portland cement and lime and found that these materials modify soil properties through cation exchange, flocculation and agglomeration, and pozzolanic reaction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microstructure and geotechnical properties of lime-treated expansive clayey soil
TL;DR: In this article, the changes in the main geotechnical properties associated with the micro level texture and structure of untreated and lime-treated compacted FoCa clay samples were studied using X-Ray Diffraction, Thermogravimetric Analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission EM (TEM) methods.
BookDOI
Characterization of Cementitiously Stabilized Layers for Use in Pavement Design and Analysis
TL;DR: In this article, the characterization of cementitiously stabilized layers and the properties that influence pavement performance are discussed, as well as performance-related procedures for characterizing these layers and performance-prediction models for incorporation into the mechanistic-empirical pavement analysis methods.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stabilization of Organic Soils with Fly Ash
TL;DR: The effectiveness of fly ash use in the stabilization of organic soils and the factors that are likely to affect the degree of stabilization were studied in this paper, where unconfined compression and resilient modulus tests were conducted on organic soil.
References
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Book
Soil Chemical Analysis
TL;DR: Soil chemical analysis, Soil Chemical Analysis (SCA), this paper, is a technique for soil chemical analysis that is used in the field of Soil Chemistry and Chemical Engineering.
Journal Article
Reaction of hydrated lime with pure clay minerals in soil stabilization
James L Eades,Ralph E Grim +1 more
TL;DR: The first part of the investigation has been conducted at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign as discussed by the authors, where the X-ray experiments were used to study the reaction of the hydrated limes with the soil.
Journal Article
Lime fixation in clayey soils
G Harrison Hilt,D T Davidson +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that when the PLASTIC LIMIT increases, with SMALL AMOUNTS of LIME, the strength of Clayy Soils remains constant and strength increases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Transformation of Clay Minerals by Calcium Hydroxide Attack
TL;DR: Calcium hydroxide was allowed to react with various clays, other silicates, and quartz at slightly elevated temperatures for several months, and the reaction products were examined by X-ray diffraction, DTA, and electron microscopy, and were shown to be poorly-crystallized calcium silicate hydrates of the tobermorite family.
Journal Article
Formation of new minerals with lime stabilization as proven by field experiments in virginia
TL;DR: In the fall of 1956 and the spring of 1957 SUBGRADE SOILS on three ProJECTS in VIRGINIA WERE STABILIZED with HYDRATED LIME as mentioned in this paper.