Journal ArticleDOI
A Statistical-Topographic Model for Mapping Climatological Precipitation over Mountainous Terrain
TLDR
In this article, the authors present an analytical model that distributes point measurements of monthly and annual precipitation to regularly spaced grid cells in midlatitude regions, using a combination of climatological and statistical concepts to analyze orographic precipitation.Abstract:
The demand for climatological precipitation fields on a regular grid is growing dramatically as ecological and hydrological models become increasingly linked to geographic information systems that spatially represent and manipulate model output. This paper presents an analytical model that distributes point measurements of monthly and annual precipitation to regularly spaced grid cells in midlatitude regions. PRISM (Precipitation-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model) brings a combination of climatological and statistical concepts to the analysis of orographic precipitation. Specifically, PRISM 1) uses a digital elevation model (DEM) to estimate the “orographic” elevations of precipitation stations; 2) uses the DEM and a windowing technique to group stations onto individual topographic facets; 3) estimates precipitation at a DEM grid cell through a regression of precipitation versus DEM elevation developed from stations on the cell's topographic facet; and 4) when possible, calculates...read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Predictive habitat distribution models in ecology
TL;DR: A review of predictive habitat distribution modeling is presented, which shows that a wide array of models has been developed to cover aspects as diverse as biogeography, conservation biology, climate change research, and habitat or species management.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global Precipitation: A 17-Year Monthly Analysis Based on Gauge Observations, Satellite Estimates, and Numerical Model Outputs
Pingping Xie,Phillip A. Arkin +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors constructed a 2.5° latitude-longitude grid for the 17-yr period from 1979 to 1995 by merging several kinds of information sources with different characteristics, including gauge observations, estimates inferred from a variety of satellite observations, and the NCEP-NCAR reanalysis.
Journal ArticleDOI
North american regional reanalysis
Fedor Mesinger,Geoff DiMego,Eugenia Kalnay,Kenneth E. Mitchell,Perry Shafran,Wesley Ebisuzaki,Dusan Jovic,John S. Woollen,Eric Rogers,Ernesto Hugo Berbery,Michael Ek,Yun Fan,Robert Grumbine,Wayne Higgins,Hong Li,Ying Lin,Geoff Manikin,David F. Parrish,Wei Shi +18 more
TL;DR: The North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR) project as mentioned in this paper uses the NCEP Eta model and its Data Assimilation System (at 32-km-45-layer resolution with 3-hourly output) to capture regional hydrological cycle, the diurnal cycle and other important features of weather and climate variability.
Journal ArticleDOI
Physiographically sensitive mapping of climatological temperature and precipitation across the conterminous United States
Christopher Daly,Michael D. Halbleib,Joseph I. Smith,Wayne Gibson,Matthew K. Doggett,George H. Taylor,Jan Curtis,Phillip P. Pasteris +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the PRISM (Parameter-elevation relationships on independent slopes model) interpolation method to develop data sets that reflected, as closely as possible, the current state of knowledge of spatial climate patterns in the United States.
Journal ArticleDOI
A high-resolution data set of surface climate over global land areas
TL;DR: In this paper, the construction of a 10' latitude/longitude data set of mean monthly sur-face climate over global land areas, excluding Antarctica, was described, which includes 8 climate conditions: precipitation, wet-day frequency, temperature, diurnal temperature range, relative humid-ity, sunshine duration, ground frost frequency and windspeed.
Related Papers (5)
The NCEP/NCAR 40-Year Reanalysis Project
Eugenia Kalnay,Masao Kanamitsu,Robert Kistler,William D. Collins,D.G. Deaven,L. S. Gandin,M. Iredell,Suranjana Saha,Glenn H. White,John S. Woollen,Yuejian Zhu,Muthuvel Chelliah,Wesley Ebisuzaki,Wayne Higgins,John E. Janowiak,Kingtse C. Mo,Chester F. Ropelewski,Julian X. L. Wang,Ants Leetmaa,Richard W. Reynolds,Roy L. Jenne,Dennis Joseph +21 more