A very low power CMOS mixed-signal IC for implantable pacemaker applications

TLDR: In this paper, a very low power interface IC used in implantable pacemaker systems is presented, which contains amplifiers, filters, ADCs, battery management system, voltage multipliers, high voltage pulse generators, programmable logic and timing control.

Abstract: Low power consumption is crucial for medical implant devices. A single-chip, very-low-power interface IC used in implantable pacemaker systems is presented. It contains amplifiers, filters, ADCs, battery management system, voltage multipliers, high voltage pulse generators, programmable logic and timing control. A few circuit techniques are proposed to achieve nanopower circuit operations within submicron CMOS process. Subthreshold transistor designs and switched-capacitor circuits are widely used. The 200 k transistor IC occupies 49 mm/sup 2/, is fabricated in a 0.5-/spl mu/m two-poly three-metal multi-V/sub t/ process, and consumes 8 /spl mu/W.