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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Age-Dependent Associations Between Chronic Periodontitis/Edentulism and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease

TLDR
Chronic periodontitis is associated with incidence of CHD among younger men, independent of established cardiovascular risk factors.
Abstract
Background— Several epidemiological studies have suggested periodontitis as a risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD), but results have been inconsistent. Methods and Results— We evaluated the...

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2021 ESC Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice

Frank L.J. Visseren, +105 more
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Journal ArticleDOI

The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data

TL;DR: A general statistical methodology for the analysis of multivariate categorical data arising from observer reliability studies is presented and tests for interobserver bias are presented in terms of first-order marginal homogeneity and measures of interob server agreement are developed as generalized kappa-type statistics.
Journal ArticleDOI

Advanced glycation end products: sparking the development of diabetic vascular injury.

TL;DR: Because of the emerging evidence about the adverse effects of AGEs on the vasculature of patients with diabetes, a number of different therapies to inhibit A GEs are under investigation.
Journal ArticleDOI

Socioeconomic status in health research: one size does not fit all.

TL;DR: Evidence shows that conclusions about nonsocioeconomic causes of racial/ethnic differences in health may depend on the measure-eg, income, wealth, education, occupation, neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics, or past socioeconomic experiences used to "control for SES," suggesting that findings from studies that have measured limited aspects of SES should be reassessed.
Journal ArticleDOI

Periodontal Disease and Cardiovascular Disease

TL;DR: It is suggested that periodontal disease, once established, provides a biological burden of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) and inflammatory cytokines (especially TxA2, IL-1β, PGE2, and TNF-α) which serve to initiate and exacerbate atherogenesis' and thromboembolic events.
Journal ArticleDOI

Chronic infections and coronary heart disease: is there a link?

TL;DR: The epidemiological and clinical evidence on CHD and Helicobacter pylori, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and cytomegalovirus, as well as possible mechanisms are reviewed.
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