Journal ArticleDOI
Amelioration of Al toxicity and P deficiency in acid soils by additions of organic residues: a critical review of the phenomenon and the mechanisms involved
Richard J. Haynes,Mokolobate +1 more
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TLDR
In this paper, an integrated overview of the probable mechanisms responsible and their implications is presented and discussed, and the practical implication of the processes discussed is that organic residues could be used as a strategic tool to reduce the rates of lime and fertilizer P required for optimum crop production on acidic, P-fixing soils.Abstract:
High rates of lime and fertilizer-P are characteristically required to obtain high crop yields on highly weathered acid soils. Much of the agriculture in the southern tropical belt, where acid soils predominate, is carried out by resource-poor, semi-subsistence farmers who are unable to purchase large quantities of lime and fertilizer. There are, however, a number of reports that additions of organic residues to acid soils can reduce Al toxicity (thus lowering the lime requirement) and improve P availability. The literature regarding these effects is sparse and disjointed and an integrated overview of the probable mechanisms responsible and their implications is presented and discussed. During decomposition of organic residues, a wide range of organic compounds are released from the residues and/or are synthesized by the decomposer microflora. The two most important groups in relation to Al toxicity and P availability are soluble humic molecules and low molecular weight aliphatic organic acids. Both these groups of substances can complex with phytotoxic monomeric Al in soil solution thus detoxifying it and they can also be adsorbed to Al and Fe oxide surfaces consequently blocking P adsorption sites. During residue decomposition, there is often a transitory increase in soil pH and this induces a decrease in exchangeable and soil solution Al through their precipitation as insoluble hydroxy-Al compounds. It also confers a greater negative charge on oxide surfaces and thus tends to decrease P adsorption. The increase in pH has been attributed to a number of causes including oxidation of organic acid anions present in decomposing residues, ammonification of residue N, specific adsorption of organic molecules produced during decomposition and reduction reactions induced by anaerobiosis. There are also mechanisms specific to either Al detoxification or improved soil P status. For example, regular applications of organic residues will induce a long-term increase in soil organic matter content. Complexation of Al by the newly-formed organic matter will tend to reduce the concentrations of exchangeable and soluble Al present. As organic residues decompose, P is released and this can become adsorbed to oxide surfaces. This will, in turn, reduce the extent of adsorption of subsequently added P thus increasing P availability. The practical implication of the processes discussed is that organic residues could be used as a strategic tool to reduce the rates of lime and fertilizer P required for optimum crop production on acidic, P-fixing soils. Further research is, therefore, warranted to investigate the use of organic residues in the management of acid soils.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Soil flooding and rice straw addition can increase isotopic exchangeable phosphorus in P-deficient tropical soils
TL;DR: In this paper, the extent of P release induced by flooding in such soils and the soil characteristics involved were identified, and rice straw addition combined with rice straw added can increase the labile P in soil, even in soils with large amount of Fe.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nutritional characteristics in leaves of plants native to tropical peat swamps and heath forests of Central Kalimantan, Indonesia
TL;DR: The relationships between AI-Na and Al-Si in leaves reveal important strategies of plant adaptation to the nutrient-poor ecosystems of peat swamps and heath forests.
Journal ArticleDOI
Phosphobacteria inoculation enhances the benefit of P–fertilization on Lolium perenne in soils contrasting in P–availability
Patricio Javier Barra,Sofía Pontigo,Mabel Delgado,Leyla Parra–Almuna,Paola Duran,Alex J. Valentine,Milko A. Jorquera,María de la Luz Mora +7 more
TL;DR: It is revealed that irrespective of P–availability in soils, the phosphobacteria inoculation provides an ‘enhancement effect’ of the P–fertilization on the development, nutrition and the alleviation of oxidative stress, in L. perenne.
Sugar mill wastes can be important soil amendments
B M Dee,R J Haynes,J H Meyer +2 more
TL;DR: The effects of additions of three wastes from sugar mills on the properties of an acid soil were investigated in this paper, where boiler ash and filter cake from a conventional milling operation and fly ash from a new milling process, where filter cake is burnt in the boilers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Possible effect of soil organic carbon on its own turnover: A negative feedback
TL;DR: In this article, the response of the soil organic carbon (SOC) pool to climate change is a function of the input level to soil, temperature, and negative feedback of the SOC turnover; in addition, organic materials should be applied in priority to soils with low SOC content to enhance the soil carbon sequestration.
References
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Book
HUmus Chemistry Genesis, Composition, Reactions
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an analysis of organic matter in soil using NMR Spectroscopy and analytical pyrolysis, showing that organic matter is composed of nitrogen and ammonium.
Book ChapterDOI
The Chemistry of Submerged Soils
TL;DR: In this paper, the chemistry of submerged soils is discussed and the role of lake, estuarine, and ocean sediments as reservoirs of nutrients for aquatic plants and as sinks for terrestrial wastes.
Book ChapterDOI
Global extent, development and economic impact of acid soils
H. R. von Uexküll,E. W. Mutert +1 more
TL;DR: Acid soils occupy approximately 30% or 3950 m ha of the world's ice free land area and occur mainly in two global belts where they have developed under udic or ustic moisture regimes as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Aluminum Toxicity and Tolerance in Plants
Emmanuel Delhaize,Peter R. Ryan +1 more
TL;DR: Recent progress that has been made in the understanding of Al toxicity and the mechanisms of Al tolerance in plants are reviewed.
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