Journal ArticleDOI
Anal cancer: ESMO-ESSO-ESTRO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up
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TLDR
In this article, the authors provide guidelines which can assist medical, radiation and surgical oncologists in the practical management of this unusual cancer, which is strongly associated with human papilloma virus (HPV, types 16-18) infection.Abstract:
Squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA) is a rare cancer but its incidence is increasing throughout the world, and is particularly high in the human immunodeficiency virus positive (HIV+) population. A multidisciplinary approach is mandatory (involving radiation therapists, medical oncologists, surgeons, radiologists and pathologists). SCCA usually spreads in a loco-regional manner within and outside the anal canal. Lymph node involvement at diagnosis is observed in 30%–40% of cases while systemic spread is uncommon with distant extrapelvic metastases recorded in 5%–8% at onset, and rates of metastatic progression after primary treatment between 10 and 20%. SCCA is strongly associated with human papilloma virus (HPV, types 16–18) infection. The primary aim of treatment is to achieve cure with loco-regional control and preservation of anal function, with the best possible quality of life. Treatment dramatically differs from adenocarcinomas of the lower rectum. Combinations of 5FU-based chemoradiation and other cytotoxic agents (mitomycin C) have been established as the standard of care, leading to complete tumour regression in 80%–90% of patients with locoregional failures in the region of 15%. There is an accepted role for surgical salvage. Assessment and treatment should be carried out in specialised centres treating a high number of patients as early as possible in the clinical diagnosis. To date, the limited evidence from only 6 randomised trials [1,2,3,4,5,6,7] , the rarity of the cancer, and the different behaviour/natural history depending on the predominant site of origin, (the anal margin, anal canal or above the dentate line) provide scanty direction for any individual oncologist. Here we aim to provide guidelines which can assist medical, radiation and surgical oncologists in the practical management of this unusual cancer.read more
Citations
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Gastric cancer: epidemiology, prevention, classification, and treatment.
Robert Sitarz,Robert Sitarz,Małgorzata Skierucha,Jerzy Mielko,G. Johan A. Offerhaus,Ryszard Maciejewski,Wojciech Polkowski +6 more
TL;DR: A trend of steady decline in gastric cancer incidence rates is the effect of the increased standards of hygiene, conscious nutrition, and Helicobacter pylori eradication, which together constitute primary prevention.
Journal ArticleDOI
HER2 screening data from ToGA: targeting HER2 in gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer
Eric Van Cutsem,Yung-Jue Bang,Feng Feng-yi,Jian M. Xu,Keun-Wook Lee,Shun-Chang Jiao,Jorge León Chong,Roberto I. López-Sanchez,Timothy J. Price,Oleg Gladkov,Oliver Stoss,Julie Hill,Vivian Ng,Michaela Lehle,Marlene Thomas,Astrid Kiermaier,Josef Rüschoff +16 more
TL;DR: All patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer should be tested for HER2 status, preferably using IHC initially, and due to the unique characteristics of gastric cancer, specific testing/scoring guidelines should be adhered to.
Journal ArticleDOI
Indications, results, and clinical impact of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided sampling in gastroenterology: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Clinical Guideline - Updated January 2017.
Jean-Marc Dumonceau,Pierre Henri Deprez,Christian Jenssen,Julio Iglesias-Garcia,Alberto Larghi,Geoffroy Vanbiervliet,Guruprasad P. Aithal,Paolo Giorgio Arcidiacono,Pedro Bastos,Silvia Carrara,László Czakó,Gloria Fernández-Esparrach,Paul Fockens,Angels Ginès,Roald Flesland Havre,Cesare Hassan,Peter Vilmann,Jeanin E. van Hooft,Marcin Polkowski +18 more
TL;DR: ESGE suggests performing EUS-guided sampling for the assessment of regional lymph nodes in T1 (and, depending on local treatment policy, T2) adenocarcinoma and of lesions suspicious for metastasis such as distant LNs, left liver lobe lesions, and suspected peritoneal carcinomatosis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of Pathologic Tumor Response and Nodal Status on Survival in the Medical Research Council Adjuvant Gastric Infusional Chemotherapy Trial
Elizabeth C Smyth,Matteo Fassan,David Cunningham,William H. Allum,Alicia Okines,Andrea Lampis,Jens C. Hahne,Massimo Rugge,Clare Peckitt,Matthew Nankivell,Ruth Langley,Michele Ghidini,Chiara Braconi,Andrew Wotherspoon,Heike I. Grabsch,Nicola Valeri +15 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated whether pathologic response and lymph node status after neoadjuvant chemotherapy are prognostic in patients treated in the MAGIC trial, and compared the results using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test.
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Cancer and liver cirrhosis: implications on prognosis and management
TL;DR: This review provides a concise overview about the impact of liver cirrhosis on the management and prognosis of patients with primary liver cancer or non-hepatic malignancies.
References
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TL;DR: Trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy can be considered as a new standard option for patients with HER2-positive advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Perioperative Chemotherapy versus Surgery Alone for Resectable Gastroesophageal Cancer
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TL;DR: In patients with operable gastric or lower esophageal adenocarcinomas, a perioperative regimen of ECF decreased tumor size and stage and significantly improved progression-free and overall survival.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cancer incidence and mortality patterns in Europe: Estimates for 40 countries in 2012
J. Ferlay,Eva Steliarova-Foucher,Joannie Lortet-Tieulent,Sonia Rosso,Jan Willem Coebergh,Harry Comber,David Forman,Freddie Bray +7 more
TL;DR: Up-to-date estimates of the cancer burden in Europe alongside the description of the varying distribution of common cancers at both the regional and country level provide a basis for establishing priorities to cancer control actions in Europe.