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Journal ArticleDOI

Analysis of biomass-residue-based cogeneration system in palm oil mills

Z. Husain, +2 more
- 01 Feb 2003 - 
- Vol. 24, Iss: 2, pp 117-124
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TLDR
In this article, a study was made on seven palm oil mills in the Perak state in Malaysia and the primary objectives of the study were to determine boiler and turbine efficiencies, energy utilization factor, oil extraction rate and heat/power ratio for various palm oil mill working under similar conditions and adopting same processes.
Abstract
Palm oil mills in Malaysia operate on cogeneration system using biomass residue as fuel in the boiler. The boiler produces high pressure and temperature steam which expands in a backpressure steam turbine and produces enough electric power for the internal needs of the mill. The exhaust steam from the turbine goes to an accumulator which distributes the steam to various processes in the mill. The study were made on seven palm oil mills in the Perak state in Malaysia. The primary objectives of the study are to determine boiler and turbine efficiencies, energy utilization factor, oil extraction rate and heat/power ratio for various palm oil mills working under similar conditions and adopting same processes. The palm oil industry is one of those rare industries where very little attempt is made to save energy. The energy balance in a typical palm oil mill is far from optimum and there is considerable scope for improvement. Bench-marking is necessary for the components in the mill. Energy-use bench-marking can give an overview of energy performance of the mills. The calculations were done to get net gain in power when back pressure turbine is replaced by a condensing turbine. It was found that the boiler and turbine have low thermal efficiencies compared to conventional ones used in power plants due to non-homogeneity and non-uniform quality of the fuel. The extraction rate was around 0.188. The use of condensing turbine increase the power output by 60% and the utilization factor was found to be 65% for the cogeneration system.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

Adsorption of basic dye using activated carbon prepared from oil palm shell: batch and fixed bed studies

TL;DR: In this article, the feasibility of activated carbon prepared from oil palm shell to remove methylene blue from aqueous solutions was investigated through batch and column studies, and the equilibrium data were best represented by the Langmuir isotherm model, with maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 243.90 mg/g at 30°C.
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Food waste biomass: a resource for high-value chemicals

TL;DR: In this article, the running costs for such a process on large scale (50,000 metric tonnes per annum) have been estimated on the basis of the combined production of pectin and D-limonene.
Book ChapterDOI

The Oil Palm Wastes in Malaysia

TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider the current uses and disposal of mill residues in order to address the potential for recovery of energy in the palm oil industry and propose a waste management approach to minimise and recycle the waste, recover the energy and finally dispose the waste.
Journal ArticleDOI

Biogas from palm oil mill effluent (POME): Opportunities and challenges from Malaysia's perspective

TL;DR: In this article, the potential of POME as a source of renewable energy and the challenges faced by the palm oil mills in Malaysia which deters the development of biogas plants in the mill.
Journal ArticleDOI

Life cycle assessment of palm biodiesel: Revealing facts and benefits for sustainability

TL;DR: In this article, a life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted for palm biodiesel in order to investigate and validate the popular belief that palm biodies is a green and sustainable fuel.
References
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Book

Thermodynamics : An Engineering Approach

TL;DR: The first law of thermodynamics -closed systems, control volumes, and the second law of entropy -a measure of disorder energy -are the properties of pure substances of high-speed fluid flow as mentioned in this paper.
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