Showing papers in "Green Chemistry in 2013"

TL;DR: In this article, the application of ionic liquids to the deconstruction and fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass, in a process step that is commonly called pretreatment, is discussed.

TL;DR: In this article, the use of GVL as a solvent for biomass processing led to significant improvements in product yields and a more simplified process for producing biomass-derived chemicals such as LA, furfural, and hydroxymethylfurfural.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the literature on supported metal catalysts for the oxidation of molecules of interest in biomass conversion (primary alcohols, polyols, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, and various sugars).

TL;DR: In this article, a review summarizes recent advances in the hydrolysis of cellulose by different types of solid acids, such as sulfonated carbonaceous based acids, polymer based acids and magnetic solid acids.

TL;DR: In this paper, the localised surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect of noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) was used to improve the performance of semiconductor photocatalysts (for example, TiO2 and Ag halides).

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors use selected examples to demonstrate how continuous methods of synthesis can be greener than batch synthesis on a small and a large scale, and demonstrate how such methods can help bridge the large gap between academic and industrial settings by often providing a more reproducible, scalable, safe and efficient option for performing chemical reactions.

TL;DR: The synthesis, reactivity and applications of glycerol carbonate (glycerine carbonate or 4-hydroxymethyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane) are discussed and reviewed in this article.

TL;DR: In this article, a review article mainly deals with the catalytic synthesis and utilisation of sugar derivatives produced from cellulose and hemicellulose using various methodologies from fundamental science to practical use.

TL;DR: In this paper, a series of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were designed and synthesized for the desulfurization of fuels, and the results showed that the above DESs can be used for the deep extraction of fuels successfully.

TL;DR: In this article, the running costs for such a process on large scale (50,000 metric tonnes per annum) have been estimated on the basis of the combined production of pectin and D-limonene.

TL;DR: In this article, a low temperature methodology with high efficiency is proposed in order to recycle Li-ion batteries economically and thus commercially feasible regardless of cathode chemistry, and the results show that the developed recycling process is practical with high recovery efficiencies.

TL;DR: In this paper, high yields of HMF from glucose can be achieved using biomass-derived solvents and a combination of solid Lewis and Bronsted catalysts in a salt-free reaction system.

TL;DR: An environmentally friendly process for the separation of the transition metals copper, cobalt, iron, manganese and zinc from rare earths by solvent extraction with the ionic liquid trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium chloride has been developed as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide an overview of classic as well as modern and more sustainable routes towards polyurethanes and their precursors and foster the discussion with the final goal to meet such a sustainable production.

TL;DR: In this paper, the conversion of furfural into cyclopentanone over Ni-Cu bimetallic catalysts was studied under hydrogen atmosphere, and the rearrangement of the furan ring was independent of hydrogenation.

TL;DR: In this article, a bio-based polymer network was generated by cross-laying soybean oil (ESO) with an aqueous citric acid (CA) solution without the addition of any other catalyst or solvent.

TL;DR: In this article, three basic approaches are discussed to downstream processing for the production of green gasoline and diesel hydrocarbons from microalgae oil, including cracking with zeolite, hydrotreating with supported sulfided catalysts and hydrodeoxygenation with non-sulfide metal catalysts.

TL;DR: In this article, the pyrolysis behavior of a β-O-4 type oligomeric lignin model compound is studied at a temperature range from 250 °C to 550 °C.

TL;DR: In this article, a critical review of transition-metal-free nitroxide-catalyzed aerobic oxidation processes is presented, along with the relevant physical properties of nitroxides, their application as oxidation catalysts by using dioxygen as a reagent or terminal oxidant.

TL;DR: The principal methods used for the regeneration of nicotinamide coenzymes, including enzymatic, chemical, electrochemical and photochemical regeneration methods are surveyed with emphasis on the crucial issues and the state-of-art research relevant to each method.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of state-of-the-art gold nanoparticle catalysts for chemoselective hydrogenation under liquid-phase conditions is presented, and the dependence of the high catalytic performance of gold nanoparticles on the metal-support interactions, the morphology (size and shape), and oxidation states is also discussed.

TL;DR: In this paper, the recent progress in the conversion of glucose and cellulose in water or ionic liquids (ILs) by oxidation, hydrogenation, and dehydration reactions is discussed.

TL;DR: In this article, a novel itaconic acid (IA) based epoxy resin with curable double bonds (EIA) was synthesized by the esterification reaction between IA and epichlorohydrin (ECH).

TL;DR: In this paper, a water-tolerant Lewis acid catalyst was synthesized by grafting SnIV in isopropanol under reflux onto dealuminated zeolites with the BEA (β) topology.

TL;DR: In this paper, 5.5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) was quantitatively oxidized to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) at 100 °C under 40 bar air in moderately basic aqueous solution in the presence of active carbon supported platinum and bismuth-platinum catalysts.

TL;DR: Magnetic nano-catalysts have been prepared using simple modification of iron ferrites as discussed by the authors, which facilitates the catalysis process, as an increased surface area is available for the reaction; the easy separation of the catalysts by an external magnet and their recovery and reuse are additional beneficial attributes.

TL;DR: In this article, a single phase co-solvent system using tetrahydrofuran (THF) promotes hydrolysis of maple wood to sugars, sugar dehydration, and lignin extraction simultaneously and achieves higher overall yields of the fuel precursors furfural, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), and levulinic acid (LA) than previously reported from biomass.

TL;DR: In this article, the activation energy of xylan, cellulose, and eight lignocellulosic biomass samples (including corn stover, cotton stalk, palm oil husk, pine wood, red oak, sugarcane bagasse, switchgrass, and wheat straw) were measured in a TA SDT Q600 thermogravimetric analyzer.

TL;DR: In this paper, a high 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) yield of 53 mol% was obtained by direct degradation of cellulose in a biphasic system with concentrated NaHSO4 and ZnSO4 as co-catalysts.

TL;DR: In this article, the characterization, synthesis and catalysis of hydrotalcite (HT) and HT-related materials have been discussed, and various synthetic methods of controlling the morphology of HT are introduced together with the crystal formation mechanism.